Objective To determine the potential deficiency due to lack of anaerobic culture and evaluate the effect to reduce adverse reaction associated to transfusion-translated bacterial infection.Methods The result of 9 758 units of apheresis platelet concentrates (PCs)detected with automated microbial detection system were reviewed and the medical records of the patients that received the contaminated PCs were followed.Results The confirmed positive rates by aerobic and anaerobic cultures were 0.06％ (6/9 758)and 0.16％ (16/9 758),respectively.In 10 of 16 yield cases,only the anaerobic culture was positive.The most of the bacterial detected by anaerobic culture only were Propionibacterium acnes.Their mean detection time from inoculation was 96.8±18.21 hours.Conclusion Addition of anaerobic culture would enhance the detection of bacterial contamination in PCs.However,since only slow-growing bacteria were detected,and because their clinical significance was debatable,blood service should select feasible and costeffective projects using only aerobic bottle for bacterial screening,like the majority of licensed blood centers in North America and Hong Kong,China.

Objective To construct the mouse CD40 RNA interfering(RNAi) lentiviral vector and prepare dendritic cells (DCs) with low expression of CD40. And to explore the mechanism of inducing T lymphocyte incompetence by blocking CD40/CD40L costimulatory pathway. Methods Mouse myeloid DCs were cultured in selective medium containing necessary cytokines for DC growth in vitro. CD40 RNAi gene was transfected into DCs with lentiviral vector. The expression levels of CD40 mRNA and protein were assayed by real-time quantitative PCR and flow cytometry respectively. The influences on DCs stimulating the proliferation ability of T lymphocyte were observed through mixed lymphocyte culture(MLC). Results Myeloid DCs have been harvested from mouse through cell culture in vitro. A mouse CD40 RNAi ientiviral vector was built successfully. The lentiviral titer was 8×10~9 TU/ml. The CD40 mRNA inhibition rate after infection was significantly higher(P<0.05). The CD40 protein expression of DCs was significandy lower(P<0.05). The result of MLC demonstrated that the index of stimulation to T lymphocyte of CD40 RNAi transfected DC significantly decreased compared with non-transfected DC and empty plasmid transfected DC(P< 0.01). Conclusion Large quantity of myeloid DCs with typical histological configuration are obtained through in vitro culture in selective medium which may activate naive T lymphocyte to generate immune response. While DCs were infected by CD40 RNAi lentiviral vector, CD40 protein expression was inhibited significantly. The DCs could hamper the activation of allogeneic T lymphocyte by blocking CD40/CD40L cestimulatory pathway and induce T cell allergy. This will make the good foundation for studying the immune tolerance of CD40 RNAi.

Objective To investigate the effect of blocking CD40/CD40L costimulatory pathway by the lentiviral vector-mediated RNA interference on the survival of mouse cardiac allograft. Methods Mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) were infected by CD40-RNAi lentiviral vector in vitro, and tolerogenic DCs (Tol-DCs) with decreased CD40 expression were prepared. Fluorescence real-time quantitative PCR and flow cytometry were used to analyze the expression of CD40 mRNA and DC surface antigens CD40, CD11c, MHC Ⅱ before and after infection. Mouse model of heterotropic abdominal heart transplantation was established. Seven days prior to heart transplantation, Tol-DCs with decreased CD40 expression were transfused into recipient mice intravenously (lentivirus infected DC group). Control group and non-infected DC group were assigned simultaneously. The survival of cardiac allograft was monitored and pathological grade of acute rejection 7 days after heterotropic abdominal heart transplantation was determined. Results The transcription of CD40 mRNA of DCs was down-regulated significantly at 48 h after CD40-RNAi lentiviral vector infection, and the inhibition rate was 80. 9%. The expression of CD40 protein was also significantly decreased as compared with control group (40. 07% ± 4. 03% ) ( P ＜ 0. 05 ).Compared to control group (8 ± 2 days) and non-infected DC group (9 ± 1 days), the survival time of cardiac allograft in CD40-RNAi lentivirus infected DC group (14 ± 4 days) was significantly prolonged (P＜ 0. 05 ), and the pathological grade of acute rejection decreased significantly ( P ＜ 0. 05 ).Conclusion Blocking CD40/CD40L costimulatory pathway could hamper the activation of allogeneic T lymphocyte, inhibit the acute rejection and prolong the survival of mouse cardiac allograft.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Endocarditis, Bacterial ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Female ; Heart Atria ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Heart Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Heart Ventricles ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant

Retrospective analyses of clinical data were performed for 518 elderly cataract patients (856 eyes) of Disabled Persons' Federation in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province.For 69 eyes (8.06％),corneal edema was a major factor of low vision during early postoperative period; for 23 eyes (2.69％),delayed cataract was an important cause of low vision during long-term postoperative period.The best corrected visual acuity of 120 eyes caused by nonsurgical factors was diabetic retinopathy (48 eyes,48.00％),senile macular degeneration (25 eyes,20.80％),high myopia retinopathy (17 eyes,14.20％),optic never injury in glaucoma (16 eyes,13.30％),macular membrane & hole (5 eyes,4.20％) and amblyopia & corneal leucoma (9 eyes,7.50％).Retinal disease is the most important reason of low vision after cataract surgery.And surgery remains the most effective treatment for cataract.

The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of concentration, intestinal segments, pH, inhibitors of proteins (P-gp), Na(+)-dependent glucose transporter (SGLT1) on the intestinal absorption of berberine, and to compare intestinal absorption of berberine in combinations. With phenol red as the indicator, in situ single pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) model was used and intestinal absorption of pure berberine at concentrations of 36.70, 46.17 and 92.33 microg x mL(-1), simulated system of HLJDT (mixture of berberine, baicalin and geniposide), HLJDT with the concentration of berberine 92.33 microg x mL(-1) in perfusion solution of different intestinal segments (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon) were determined by HPLC in combination with diode array detection (DAD). The results indicated that Ka values ofberberine at different concentrations had little significant difference among that obtained after perfusing via duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon indicating that the absorption of berberine was mainly the passive diffusion. It was also suggested that SGLT1 and P-gp might exert some effects on the absorption of berberine. Ka and Peff values of berberine in a mixture of pure compounds and HLJDT for different intestine segments of rat showed an increasing tendency and was significantly different (P < 0.05) indicating that berberine in a mixture of pure compounds and HLJDT was assimilated better in small intestine. These results indicate that the intestinal absorption of berberine may be affected by compatibility of compounds. Additionally, berberine has wide absorption window and better absorption in colon.

Objective To summarize the therapeutic experience on malignancy patients complicated with hyperthyroidism.Methods Clinical date of 10 cases of surgical malignancy complicated with hyperthyroidism admitted from May 2004 to May 2010 in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.Results Four cases were treated by subtotal thyroidectomy before radical operation for cancer.Radical operation for cancer was performed on 6 patients after clinical symptoms of hyperthyroidism were controlled by perioperative antithyroid agents.Postoperatively 3 patients complicated with clinical manifestations similar to thyroid crisis.There was no postoperative mortality.Chemotherapy was given to 10 patients,and 1 patient was discontinued for chemotherapy caused leucopenia.Conclusions Hyperthyroidism should be controlled by surgery or antithyroid agents before patients of malignant diseases could proceed with radical surgery.Proper preoperative medication and effective postoperative management can reduce operation risk and help the patients get through the perioperative period safely.

Objective To investigate the clinical correlative factors of malignant cystic pancreatic tumors.Methods The clinical data of 45 patients who received cystic pancreatic tumor resection at the General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from May 2000 to May 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were divided into benign tumors + precancerous lesions group (35 patients) and malignant tumor group (10 patients).The clinical symptoms and imaging features of cystic pancreatic tumors were analyzed.All data were analyzed by chisquare test or Logistic regression analysis.Results Abdominal pain,jaundice,emaciation,nausea and vomiting were observed in 23 patients (51％),and 22 (49％) patients had no clinical symptoms.The clinical features of benign pancreatic cyst included pancreatic calcification and pancreatic divisum,while the clinical features of malignant pancreatic cystic tumors were nodules,swelling of lymph nodes,dilation of biliary and pancreatic duct.The results of univariate analysis showed that age ≥ 60 years,presence of symptoms,jaundice,emaciation,dilation of pancreatic duct were the correlative factors of malignant cystic pancreatic tumors ( x2 =4.220,4.294,4.645,7.705,4.645,P ＜ 0.05 ).The results of multiple logistic regression analysis found that age ≥60 years,dilation of pancreatic duct and presence of clinical symptoms were the correlative factors of malignant cystic pancreatic tumors ( OR =1.573,2.674,2.723,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Age≥60 years,dilation of pancreatic duct and presence of clinical symptoms are the correlative factors of malignant cystic pancreatic tumors.

Malignant obstruction of the stomach or duodenum is a preterminal event in patients with ad-vanced malignancies of the upper gastrointestinal.It severely limits the quality of life in affected patients.Most patients are in bad conditions and have an short expecting live time,so they not only can not bear but also do not need such an invasive operation.Because of this,a minimally invasive but effective palliative treatment is quite necessary.This paper makes a summary and contrastive analysis of several ways of pallia-five treatment which are widely used for malignant gastroduodenal obstruction in recent years.

Objective To define a suitable and adequate sample volume for the detection of bacterial contamination in cord blood (CB) via BacT/ALERT system. Methods A total of 1 376 cord blood units were routinely screened for aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms by culturing the erythrocyte fraction(EF) or plasma fraction(PF) with 20 ml and 10 ml sample volume. The microbial contamination was detected by BacT/ALERT 3D system, and the results of this method were compared with the improved Martin/thiogly collate broth(22 ℃) and thioglycollate broth(35 ℃).Results The rates of positive BacT/ALERT results were 1.16%(10 ml) and 1.24%(20 ml) for PF, and 3.20%(20 ml) for EF. The positive rate of Martin/thiogly collate broth(22 ℃/35 ℃) was 1.00% for EF. Conclusion Using BacT/ALERT system for microbial detection in cord blood bank can enhance the security of umbilical cord blood transplantation.