Facial Paralysis ; pathology ; Humans ; Tympanoplasty ; adverse effects

Objective To investigate the effect of different transdermal enhancers on percutaneous absorption of ephedrine in Compound Herba Ephedrae Adhesive Plaster.Methods Using modified Franz diffusion cell,the ephedrine content was determined to investigate the effect of different transdermal enhancers in promoting percutaneous absorption.Results Azone or azone used together with other transderml enhancers had a better effect in promoting percutaneous absorption,indicating that azone was the leading transderml enhancers for ephedrine.The mixed transdermal enhancer of azone and propylene glycol was the most effective combination and the rate constant of percutaneous absorption is 94.280 ?g?cm-2?h-1.Conclusion The mixture of azone and propylene glycol can enthance the percutaneous absorption of ephedrine and can be used as the transdermal enhancers for this compound plaster.

Objective To establish the quality control standard of Pinellia Heart-Sedating Granules. Methods TLC methods for identifition of Radix Pinellia and Radix Scutellariae were established. A simple HPLC was established for the determination of Berberine hydrochloride. Results The spots on TLC plates were clear without interference in the blank reference. The liner range of Berberine hydrochloride was 0.009375～0.3 ?g,r =0.9 999. The average recovery of Berberine hydrochloride was 101.46% and RSD was 2.88%. Conclusion The method is simple, accruate, reproducible and can be used as the quality control method for Pinellia Heart-Sedating Granules.

Objective To investigate the process of best extraction for Bujing Yishen Granules.Methods The orthogonal test was employed for selecting the best extraction process,with the extraction rate of Icariin as criteria.The levels of water amount,extracting time and times were studied.Result The super extraction process was adding 10 times amount of water and 1.5 hours for the first time,then adding 8 times and 1.5 hours for the second time.Conclusion The method is stable,reasonable and feasible.

According to two theories,which are "traditional Chinese medicine researching is in the face of a complex opening gigantic system" and "Chinese materia medica compound(CMMC) is the natural combinatorial chemical libraries",the study on active fractions of CMMC has been facing to a complex system with a large number of data that is non-linear,multi-variable,and varieties related to each other.The thinking and method of "combinatorial screening" has been put forward based on these two theories,that is the principle "using the diverse structures of molecules to simulate the diverse organism" used in combinatorial chemistry and the data mining technique was taken into the study on complex system of CMMC.In order to create combinatorial libraries,the two methods were used to obtain the fractions of CMMC.Re-combination group of the CMMC was used,and various industrial separation techniques, such as resin,membrane,were used to replace the diversity of chemosynthesis routes to create "Building Block".Through data mining and knowledge discovery, the intrinsic correlation of CMMC "multi-components and multi-targets" between the chemical composition and the mechanism was carried out.The new technologies which aim at high-throughput screening of CMMC were explored,in order to provide the evidence for setting up an idea with "optimal separation" and optimization design about application system of refining technology.

Transformation and quality improvement of clinical pharmacy is key to assuring quality of care for public hospital reform.The clinical pharmacist working model has been established after years of exploration in China,which plays a positive role in promoting such quality and optimizing the allocation of medical resources.However,with the advance of the health care reform,the original working model and methods of clinical pharmacists need to be further improved to meet emerging demands.This paper puts forward a new model of clinical pharmacist development based on the concept of hospital total quality management,which involves the clinical pharmacists′ duty,the work model from the “Pay a visit to bedside”to “Stay by bedside”in clinic,professional development training and performance evaluation.The reform provides a feasible way for the transformation and development of clinical pharmacists in public hospitals.

Objective To establish the quality control method for Antenoron filiforme. Methods Antenoron filiforme was identified by TLC,and the content of gallic acid was determined by HPLC. The chromatographic conditions were as follows:Aichrom Reliasil C18 column (4. 6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) was used with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrle-0. 1% phosphoric acid(4∶96),the flow rate was 1. 0 mL·min-1 ,and the detection wavelength was 270 nm. Results TLC identification for An-tenoron filiforme was highly specific. Gallic acid content had a good linearity in the range of 0. 08-0. 56μg (r=1. 000 0). The av-erage recovery was 101. 12% and RSD was 2. 20% (n=6). Conclusion The method is simple, feasible,and reproducible, and can be used for the quality control of Antenoron filiforme.

Objective To investigate the effects of inhibitors U0126 on expression of ERK1/2 and Ku70 in the hippocampus in diabetic rat after global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.Methods The global cerebral ischemia model of diabetic rat was made by streptozotocin-induction with four-vessel occlusion of modified Pulsinelli' s method.Adult male SD rats (n =80) were randomly (random number) divided into 4 groups (n =20 rats per group),namely sham operation (SO) group,normoglycemia ischemia/reperfusion (NI/R) group,diabetes cerebral ischemia (DCI) group and DCI + U0126 (0.01 mg/kg Ⅳ)group.The morphological changes of neuronal cells were observed by using HE staining 1 h,6 h,24 h and 48 h after I/R; and immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 and Ku70 protein.Statistical analysis of experimental data was carried out by using SPSS 17.0 software.Comparisons between groups were done by using factorial variance analysis,and difference was statistically significant at P ＜ 0.05.Results Compared with SO group,some neurons showed histopathologic changes of neuronal necrosis and apoptosis in NI/R group as well as the phosphorylated ERK1/2 levels increased at 1,6,24,48 h (P ＜ 0.05) ; The Ku70 levels increased at 1,6 h (P ＜ 0.05) and were lower at 24 h,48 h (P ＜ 0.05) ; Compared with the NI/R group,the histopathological changes of brain tissue was more severe in DCI group,and the phosphorylated ERK1/2 levels were lower at 1,6,24,48 h (P ＜ 0.05) ;The Ku70 protein levels were lower at 1,6,24,48 h in DCI group (P ＜ 0.05) ; Compared with DCI group,the histopathological changes of neuronal necrosis and apoptosis was more severe in DCI + U0126 group; and the phosphorylated ERK1/2 expressions respectively decreased at 1,6,24,48 h (P ＜0.05) ;and the Ku70 protein levels were lower at 1,6,24,48 h (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions U0126 enhanced the damage of nerve cells by inhibiting the activation of ERK1/2,thereby reducing the level of Ku70 protein in brain hippocampus of diabetic rats after global cerebral ischemia.