Objective To investigate the fall-related knowledge and behaviors and ways after injury by chief caregivers of inpatients with neurological disease.Method We designed a questionnaire of fall-related knowledge,behaviors and ways after injury and used it among 208 chief caregivers of inpatients with neurological disease.Results On fall-related knowledge,the three items with the lowest scores about fall-related knowledge included fall-related medicine,postural hypotension and abnormal excretion.Of fall-prevented behaviour score,the lowest 3 items were three steps for getting up,placing things correctly and using wheelchair protection derive.Of the inquiry and fall measures score,the lowest 3 item were helping the patient up,observation and prevention after fall.There were significant differences in the total scores on education,time for taking care of the patients,history of fall and health education on fall (P＜0.05).The scores of those with education of senior middle school,college or above were significantly higher than those with education of junior middle school or lower (P＜0.001).The following time for taking care of the patients were compared with statistics significant:＜1month and 3～6 month,＜1month and ＞6 months,1～3 months and 3～6 months (P＜0.001).Conclusion The caregivers of the patients with neurological disease are short of knowledge in fall-related knowledge,normal behaviors and should carry out individualized health education to them.

N-3 and n-6 unsaturated fatty acids are essential fatty acids. It is necessary for human health. At present, the diet contains a disproportionally high amount of n-6 PUFAs and low amount of n-3 PUFAs, and the resulting high n-6/n-3 ratio is thought to contribute to cardiovascular disease, inflammation, and cancer. This article is about the polyunsaturated fatty acid uptake and metabolism in its study on the impact of progress in cancer and inflammatory diseases and its mechanism of action and clinical research.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key transcription factor on hypoxia responses in mammalian tissues. HIF-1 plays as a positive factor in solid tumor and leads to hypoxia-driven responses that enhance its downstream gene expression for tumor growth and survival. LXY6099 was obtained by the structural modification and optimization of manassantin A (MA) as a high potent HIF-1 inhibitor. Antitumor activity of LXY6099 was observed in this study. LXY6099 with an IC50 value of 2.46 x 10(-10) mol x L(-1) showed more sensitive inhibition activity to HIF-1 than that of MA detected by reporter gene assay (> 100 folds). It showed strong inhibition on the growth of human solid tumor cell lines. Furthermore, LXY6099 exhibited significant antitumor activity against established human tumor xenografts in nu/nu mice with treatment of MX-1 breast cancer. Thus, LXY6099 as a novel HIF-1 inhibitor could be further developed into anti-cancer agents.

Objective To perform a questionnaire survey on patients with cerebrovascular disease, so as to find problems in the fall-preventing education and provide scientific evidence for health education improvement. Methods From October 2015 to December 2016, a self-designed "Let's mitigate falling danger"questionnaire was applied to investigate a total of 193 patients with cerebrovascular disease from geriatric department, neurology department and neurosurgical department, and analyzed the resules. Results The average score of the 193 patients was (25.05±4.63). The three items with lowest score were "Using fall-leading drugs" (1.30±0.86), "Getting-up behavior" (1.32±0.88) and "Feeling embarrassed seeking help"(1.35±0.64) in the questionnaire. Besides, the fall-preventing score were different in patients with different gender, education level, diagnosis, history of fall and whether received fall-preventing education or not, and the differences were statistical significant (t=2.013, 11.638, 10.750, 5.238, 2.147;P< 0.05). Generalized linear regression analysis showed that receiving fall health education, gender, education level and disease type were the influencing factors of fall prevention cognition in patients with cerebrovascular disease (P< 0.05). Conclusions Cerebrovascular patients are lack of awareness of fall risks in hospital. The nursing management should take risk control on these patients. The responsible nurse should choose personalized education mode and content according to relevant awareness deficits.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the inhibitory activity of HIF-1 by triptolide and manasaantin A, two cell-based models with luciferase report gene assay were established.

METHODTwo cell-based models of HIF-1 were used to evaluate HIF-1 inhibition activity of triptolide and manasaantin A. Secreted VEGF expression induced by hypoxia was detected by ELISA with two compounds. The growth inhibition of different solid tumor cell lines was measured by the MTT assay.

RESULTThe expression of firefly luciferase was induced by hypoxia in U251-HRE and T47D-HRE cells. U251-HRE model was suitable for the detection of HIF-1 inhibition activity of triptolide. The IC50 of triptolide on HIF-1 activity was (3.4 +/- 0.5) x 10(-8) mol x L(-1). The report gene assay using T47D cells co-transfected with pGL2-TK-HRE and pRL-CMV showed more sensitive inhibition activity of HIF-1 on manassantin A than that of detected by U251-HRE model. The IC50 of manassantin A on HIF-1 activity was (2.4 +/- 0.6) x 10(-8) mol x L(-1). HIF-1 target gene VEGF was also inhibited by test compounds on protein level in T47D cells. Manasaantin A showed selective inhibition on the growth of human solid cancer cell lines, especially on breast cancer and pancreatic cancer cells. Meanwhile, triplotide showed strong proliferation inhibition activity on all tested cell lines.

CONCLUSIONIt is very important to select a suitable cell-based report gene assay of HIF-1 for screening of different kinds of inhibitor.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Diterpenes ; pharmacology ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; methods ; Epoxy Compounds ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Lignans ; pharmacology ; Luciferases ; genetics ; Models, Biological ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Phenanthrenes ; pharmacology

Objective:To differentiate hyperintense hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) in the hepatobiliary phase by MRI multimodal parameters.Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional study method was adopted. Clinical data on 15 cases with hyperintense HCC and 15 cases with FNH in the hepatobiliary phase admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University from January 2012 to December 2019 were collected. All patients with solitary lesions who underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI examinations were included. Surgically resected specimens were verified by pathological and immunohistochemical examination. HCC and FNH imaging features were analyzed by two radiologists.Results:(1) HCC and FNH apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were 1 205.07±239.65×10 -3 mm 2/s and 1 434.73±217.6×10 -3 mm 2/s, respectively, and the SI ADC difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) between the two groups. (2) In the dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI sequence, 15 cases of HCC were significantly enhanced in the arterial phase, of which 13 cases were characterized by continuous enhancement, and 2 cases were characterized by wash-in and wash-out enhancement. There was no statistically significant difference ( P>0.05) between the two groups. SI enhancement rate between HCC and FNH (1.39±0.60 vs. 1.33±0.50, P>0.05) had no significant difference. (3) HCC and FNH morphological features in the hepatobiliary phase included: annular hypointensity: HCC (8 cases) vs. FNH (0 cases); contrast filling defects: HCC (8 cases) vs. FNH (0 cases); linear hyposignal separation: HCC (10 cases) vs. FNH (0 cases); and stellate scars: HCC (0) vs. FNH (5 cases), and there were statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) between the two groups . Conclusion:Multimodal MRI have significant value for differentiating hyperintense HCC and FNH in the hepatobiliary phase.

Objective:To explore the status and influencing factors of discharge readiness of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods:A total of 200 patients with tuberculosis in Zhejiang Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Center from August to December 2020 were selected as the objects by convenience sampling method. The patients were investigated on the day of discharge by general information questionnaire, Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS) and Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale (QDTS) . Multiple linear multivariate regression analysis was used. 200 questionnaires were distributed and 200 valid questionnaires were recovered in this study. The effective recovery rate was 100%.Results:The total RHDS score of 200 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was (94.04±14.31) , and the item average score was (7.83±1.19) . There were statistically significant differences in RHDS scores among patients with different educational backgrounds, hospitalization days, hospitalization times and other chronic diseases ( P<0.05) . The total RHDS score of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was negatively correlated with age ( r=-0.246, P<0.05) , and positively correlated with the total QDTS score ( r=0.641, P<0.01) . Multiple linear regression analysis showed that education background and quality of discharge teaching were the influencing factors of discharge readiness of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, explaining 42.8% of the total variation ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The level of discharge readiness of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis needs to be further improved. Medical staff should focus on patients with different educational backgrounds and carry out multi-form and multi-channel health education, in order to improve the quality of discharge teaching for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, and then improve the discharge readiness of patients.

To investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Qingwen Baiduyin on acute lung injury （ALI） in mice induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. MethodA total of 144 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the following groups： a normal group， a model group （LPS， 5 mg·kg^-1）， a dexamethasone group （5 mg·kg^-1）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose Qingwen Baiduyin groups （14.105， 28.21， 56.42 g·kg^-1）. The mice were treated once daily for 5 days. One hour after the final administration， the ALI model was established by intratracheal instillation of LPS， and samples were collected at 6 h and 24 h after modeling. The arterial blood gas index of mice was analyzed. The total protein content， total cell count， Evans blue dye （EBD） content， and lung tissue wet-to-dry weight ratio （W/D） of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was performed to assess the pathological changes in mouse lung tissue. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of key proteins in the Janus kinase 1/signal transducer and activator of transcription 1/interferon regulatory factor 1 （JAK1/STAT1/IRF1） signaling pathway in lung tissue. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group showed reduced arterial oxygen pressure （pO₂）， oxygen saturation （SO₂）， and lung tissue W/D （P<0.05， P<0.01）， increased carbon dioxide pressure （pCO₂）， total protein content， total cell count， EBD content， interferon-γ （IFN-γ）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， chemokine CXC ligand 1 （CXCL1）， chemokine CXC ligand 2 （CXCL2）， chemokine CXC ligand 9 （CXCL9）， and chemokine CXC ligand 10 （CXCL10） content （P<0.05， P<0.01）， thickening of the alveolar walls， fusion of alveolar cavities， and infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung tissue， increased proportion of M1 macrophage polarization and lung cell apoptosis （P<0.05）， and increased protein expression levels of JAK1， phosphorylated JAK1 （p-JAK1）， inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS）， STAT1， phosphorylated STAT1 （p-STAT1）， IRF1， gasdermin D （GSDMD）， and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein （MLKL） （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Qingwen Baiduyin significantly increased pO₂， SO₂， and lung tissue W/D （P<0.05， P<0.01）， improved the pathological changes in lung tissue， and reduced pCO₂， total protein content， total cell count， EBD content， IFN-γ， TNF-α， IL-1β， CXCL1， CXCL2， CXCL9， and CXCL10 content， proportion of M1 macrophage polarization， and protein expression levels of JAK1， p-JAK1， iNOS， STAT1， p-STAT1， IRF1， GSDMD， and MLKL （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionQingwen Baiduyin can improve the lung inflammatory response and reduce lung cell apoptosis in mice with ALI by inhibiting the JAK1/STAT1/IRF1 signaling pathway， thereby exerting a lung-protective effect.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect and mechanism of Zuojinwan （ZJW） in the treatment of ulcerative colitis （UC） through network pharmacology and experimental validation. MethodUsing network pharmacology and molecular docking， the active components and potential mechanism of ZJW in treating UC were preliminarily identified. Forty-eight male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a normal group， a model group， a sulfasalazine group （300 mg·kg^-1）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose ZJW groups （1.82， 3.64， 7.28 g·kg^-1）. The UC model was induced by dextran sulfate sodium （DSS）， and oral administration of drugs began on the third day of modeling， lasting for 7 days. The general condition of mice was observed daily， and the disease activity index （DAI） was evaluated. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was performed to observe histopathological changes in colon tissue. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure the levels of tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α， interleukin （IL）-6， and IL-10 in mouse serum. The molecular mechanism was validated using Western blot. ResultNetwork pharmacology predicted that the phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） signaling pathway might be a key pathway in the regulation of UC by ZJW. Molecular docking results showed good binding ability between the key components of ZJW and core targets. Animal experiment results showed that compared with the normal group， the model group had shortened colon length （P<0.01）， increased DAI scores， spleen index， colon tissue pathology scores， and levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum （P<0.05， P<0.01）， increased PI3K， phosphorylated Akt （p-Akt）， and B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）-associated X protein （Bax） expression in colon tissue （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and decreased serum IL-10 levels and colon tissue Bcl-2 protein expression （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the ZJW groups showed significant improvement in UC symptoms， relieved colon tissue pathological damage， downregulated levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in serum （P<0.01）， inhibited expression of PI3K， p-Akt， and Bax proteins in colon tissue （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and increased serum IL-10 levels and colon tissue Bcl-2 protein expression （P<0.01）， with the high-dose group showing the best effect. ConclusionZJW effectively alleviates DSS-induced UC， and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and regulation of apoptosis-related protein expression.