Objective To investigate the effect of liquid temperature, pressure, concentration, pH parameters on the membrane process and rejection in the process of using reverse osmosis membrane to concentrate oil-bearing water bodies ultrafiltrate of Compound Chuanxiong Capsules, and optimize the process. Methods With oil-bearing water bodies ultrafiltrate of Compound Chuanxiong Capsules volatile oil as the research object, the changes in flux under different operating parameters was measured. Results For this system, suitable operation parameters was as follows: pressure was 1.6 MPa, temperature was 35～ 40 ℃, pH was 9～10. Conclusion Using reverse osmosis membrane to concentrate oil-bearing water bodies ultrafiltrate of Compound Chuanxiong Capsules volatile oil, better flux and rejection can be obtained at the appropriate operating conditions.

Objective To observe the effects of ankle intensive training on the recovery of lower limbs motor in stroke patients in later stage of rehabilitation. Methods 30 stroke patients with course ≥ 3 months were divided into the treatment group (n=15) and control group (n=15). The control group received routine treatment, and the treatment group received ankle intensive training in addition. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) of lower extremity and 10 m walking speed. Results The scores of FMA and 10 m walking speed improved in both groups after treatment (P<0.05), and improved more in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Ankle intensive training can promote the motor recovery of lower limbs in later stroke patients

Editor's note: The research on effective constituents of traditional Chinese medicine is one of the crucial areas of basic research of traditional Chinese medicine. It is also a research hotspot which gains widespread attention and active application of projects of national natural science funds in the discipline of traditional Chinese medicine. In 2013, the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinese traditional medicine in the application code H2803 in the research field of effective constituents of traditional Chinese medicine , the direction of gener-al project , Youth Science Foundation and the regional Science Foundation project application 449 , which accept-ed 425 . In this paper , the general situation of the application and approved projects of national natural science funds in the research field of effective constituents of traditional Chinese medicine in 2013 has been introduced. The research strategies and plans of the approved projects have been summarized , and the problems of the ap-plications have been also analyzed .

Objective To explore the efficacy of two treatment methods for thoracic tuberculosis.Methods According to the different surgical methods,61 patients with thoracic tuberculosis were randomly divided into A group (31 cases) and B group (30 cases).A group was treated with simple thoracic tuberculosis soft tissue lesions removed,and B group was treated with focus removal + rib resection + muscle flap packing.The operation time,pain time,extubation time,hospital stay,wound fluid,cure rate and recurrence rate were compared between the two groups.Results The operation time,pain time,hospital stay time of A group were shorter than those of B group [(35.0 ± 11.0)minvs.(50.0 ±9.5)min,(1.8±1.3)d vs.(4.2 ±2.4)d,(12.5 ±3.4)d vs.(18.8 ±5.7)d],the differences were statistically significant (t =6.257,4.275,5.334,all P ＜ 0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the extubation time,wound effusion,cure rate and recurrence rate between the two groups [(5.8 ± 3.1) d vs.(5.5 ± 2.8) d,2 cases vs.1 case,100.0％ vs.100.0％,6.4％ vs.3.3％,t =8.691,x2 =9.867,13.674,15.871,all P ＞ 0.05].Conclusion Analysis of the specific situation should be individualized on the chest wall tuberculosis,in the case of rib destruction,the focus should be removed + rib resection + muscle flap packing,if there is no rib destruction,simple chest wall tuberculosis soft tissue lesions removal is more safe,because it is less traumatic for patients.

Objective To evaluate the influences of laryngeal mask airway(LMA) combined with epidural anesthesia on hemodynamics in hypertensive patients.Methods 72 gynecological patients with stage Ⅰ to Ⅱ hypertension were randomly divided into four groups(n=18 for each):general anesthesia with tracheal intubation(group G) or LMA(group L),combination of epidural anesthesia and general anesthesia with tracheal intubation(group GE) or LMA(group LE).BP,HR,ECG,SpO2 were monitored in different time.Intraoperative awareness,the time of extubation or LMA removal and anesthetic dosages were recorded.Results During insertion of the tube or LMA,SBP,DBP,HR were significantly higher than those before anesthesia in group G and GE(P

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of tirofiba in the treatment of patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). MethodsA total of 158 patients with acute STEMI were randomly divided into tirofiban group 1 (59 cases, received tirofiban before PCI), tirofiban group 2 (56 cases, received tirofiban when PCI) and control group(43 cases, only received PCI). The coronary reperfusion flow(TIMI grade) of infarct related artery (IRA) after PCI, the resolution of the sum of ST segment elevation(sum STR) at 90 min after the procedure, the changes of myocardial enzyme at 6 h and 12 h afterwards, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 1 week later, the major adverse cardiac events(MACE) within 30 d, bleeding and thrombocytopenia complications were analyzed and compared among the three groups. ResultsTIMI reperfusion grades in tirofiban group 1[98.3％(58/59 )]and tirofiban group 2[92.9％(52/56)]were higher than those in control group[60.5％(26/43)](P ＜0.05). The resolution of sum STR at 90 min after PCI in tirofiban group 1 [(89.3 ± 6.9)％]and tirofiban group 2[(82.4 + 7.3)％]was higher than that in control group[(65.6 +8.1 )％](P＜ 0.01 ),and there was significant difference between tirofiban group I and tirofiban group 2 (P＜0.05 ). The occurrence of MACE within 30 d was lower in tirofiban group 1 and tirofiban group 2 than that in control group (P＜ 0.05). The level of CK-MB at 6 h and 12 h afterwards was lower in tirofiban group 1 than that in tirofiban group 2,and tirofiban group 2 was lower than control group (P＜ 0.05). LVEF 1 week later in tirofiban group 1[(56.2 + 6.4)％]was higher than that in tirofiban group 2[(51.1 + 4.9)％]and control group[(49.8 + 5.7)％](P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between tirofiban group 2 and control group (P ＞ 0.05). Although bleeding incidence in tirofiban group 1 and tirofiban group 2 was higher than that in control group, no severe bleeding and thrombocytopenia was observed. Conclusion Tirofiban can safely and effectively reduce the incidence of the ischemic events in the patients with acute STEM1 during preoperative of emergency PCI.

A method based on stable isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GC-MS ) was established to determine five kinds of organophosphate esters ( OPEs ) in different kinds of cosmetics. For cream and wax-based cosmetics, samples were extracted by appropriate solvent, and then purified by ENVI-Carb solid phase extracting column. For powder and aqueous samples, GC-MS test could be operated directly after solvent extraction and concentration. All of the samples were separated by DB-5MS (30 m×0. 25 mm× 0. 25 μm) chromatographic column, and detected by selected ion monitoring ( SIM ) mode. The target analytes were qualitatively confirmed by retention time and abundance ratio of characteristic ions, and quantified by stable isotope diluted internal standard method. Under the optimized conditions, the linear coefficients of the OPEs were larger than 0. 9995, the detection limits were 1. 0-30 μg/kg, the average recoveries ( n=6 ) ranged from 89 . 5% to 105%, and the RSDs were in the range of 2 . 9%-9 . 1%. The developed method, which was characteristic by satisfactory purification effect, favorable matrix effect elimination capacity, as well as high recovery, was suitable for the determination of OPEs in different kinds of cosmetic matrices.

In this article, the authors firstly summarized the number of applications submitted to and projects supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) in the field of traditional Chinese medicine research in 2010. Then they described the district distribution, research direction layout and allotment of the approved projects in the three primary disciplines (traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese materia medica and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine) and their 43 subdisciplines. The targeting suggestions for improvement were given respectively by concluding the reason of disapproved projects from the point of view of applicants and supporting institution, and by stating the common problems existing in the review process from the perspectives of fund managers and evaluation experts. Lastly, the major funding fields in the near future were predicted in the hope of providing guidance for applicants.

Objective To evaluate the optimum ratio of medicine dosage for dexmedetomidine mixed with sufentanil used for patient?controlled intravenous analgesia ( PCIA) after Nuss procedure in pedi?atric patients with pectus excavatum. Methods Sixty pediatric patients diagnosed with pectus excavatum, aged 5-12 yr, weighing 18-50 kg, of ASA physical statusⅠorⅡ, scheduled for elective Nuss procedure under general anesthesia, were randomly divided into 3 equal groups using a random number table:different ratios of medicine dosage while dexmedetomidine was added to sufentanil groups ( SD1-3 groups) . Postopera?tive analgesia was as follows: group SD1 received sufentanil 1 μg∕kg + dexmedetomidine 2 μg∕kg; group SD2 received sufentanil 1 μg∕kg + dexmedetomidine 3 μg∕kg; group SD3 received sufentanil 1 μg∕kg +dexmedetomidine 4 μg∕kg. A mixture of tropisetron 0?1 mg∕kg and dexamethasone 0?1 mg∕kg ( in 100 ml of normal saline) was added in each group. The PCA pump was programmed to deliver 0?5 ml with a lockout interval of 15 min and background infusion at 2 ml∕h. The PCA pump was connected immediately after the end of operation, and sufentanil with a dosage of 0?1μg∕kg was used as a rescue analgesic within 48 h post?operatively. The VAS score was maintained below 4. The requirement for rescue analgesics was recorded. The Ramsay sedation scores was recorded at 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h postoperatively, and the occurrence of adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting, bradycardia, over?sedation, respiratory depression, agitation and shivering was recorded within 48 h after surgery. Results No pediatric patients developed nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, bradycardia, over?sedation, and shivering. No pediatric patients required rescue analgesics in SD2 and SD3 groups. Compared with group SD1 , the requirement for rescue analgesics and incidence of agitation were significantly decreased, and Ramsay sedation scores were increased at 4 and 8 h after operation in SD2 and SD3 groups. Ramsay sedation scores were significantly higher at 4 h after oper?ation in SD3 group than in SD2 group. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine 3 μg∕kg mixed with sufentanil 1μg∕kg is the optimum ratio of medicine dosage when used for PCIA after Nuss procedure in pediatric patients with pectus excavatum.

Objective To explore if B lymphocyte stimulator (BlyS) stimulates B lymphocytes from patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) to produce anti-high affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) or anti-IgE antibodies.Methods Totally,300 CIU patients and 300 health controls were enrolled in this study.Blood samples were obtained from these subjects.Peripheral blood B lymphocytes were isolated and cultured in vitro for 72 hours.Then,BlyS of various concentrations (2,4,8,16 ng/ml) was added to the culture medium of B lymphocytes followed by another 72-hour culture.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to determine the serum levels of BlyS,anti-FcεRI and anti-IgE antibodies,as well as the supernatant levels of anti-FcεRI and anti-IgE antibodies.The relationship between BlyS and anti-FcεRI and anti-IgE antibody production was assessed.SPSS software version 16.0 was used for statistical analysis.Chi-square test was performed to compare the positivity rate of antibodies,and analysis of variance and least significance difference-t test to assess numerical data.Results The CIU patients showed higher levels of serum BlyS (t =3.04,P ＜ 0.01),anti-FcεRI antibodies (t =3.51,P ＜ 0.01),and anti-IgE antibodies (t =3.29,P ＜ 0.01) compared with the health controls.The serum level of BlyS was positively correlated with that of anti-FcεRI antibodies (r =0.93,P ＜ 0.01) and anti-IgE antibodies (r =0.91,P ＜ 0.01).The levels of anti-FcεRI antibodies and anti-IgE antibodies were significantly increased in the culture supematant of patient-derived B lymphocytes treated with BlyS compared with those remaining untreated (t =3.67,3.56,respectively,both P ＜ 0.01),and the concentration of BlyS was positively correlated with the levels of both anti-FcεRI antibodies and anti-IgE antibodies (r =0.96,0.91,respectively,both P ＜ 0.01).The coincidence rate between the serum and supernatant was 94.76％ and 87.84％ in the detection of anti-FcεRI antibodies and anti-IgE antibodies respectively.Conclusions BlyS level is upregulated in the serum of patients with CIU,which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of CIU by stimulating B lymphocytes to produce anti-FcεRI antibodies or anti-IgE antibodies.