Hepatitis B virus (HBV)infection and its chronicity is a serious public health problem,and mother -to -child transmission (MTCT)of HBV is one of the most common routes of infection.The risk factors for the MTCT of HBV and corresponding measures are reviewed from the aspects of assessment/screening before pregnancy,intervention during pregnancy,combined immunization for newborns,etc.,and it is pointed out that the physicians in the departments of gynecology&obstetrics and liver diseases play a key role in resolving this issue.