Objective To investigate the value of serum tumor markers neuron specific enolase (NSE),cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1),carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA),carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125 ),carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153)and fer-ritin in diagnosing lung cancer.Methods The serum levels of NSE,CYFRA21-1,CEA,CA125,CA153 and ferritin were detected by the electrochemiluminescence method in 151 cases of lung cancer(lung cancer group),100 cases of benign lung disease (benign dis-ease group)and 50 cases of healthy control group.The detection results were analyzed.Results The serum levels of NSE,CY-FRA21-1,CEA,CA125,CA153 and ferritin in the lung cancer group were significantly higher than those in the benign lung disease group and the healthy control group with statistical differences (P <0.05);the NSE level in small cell lung cancer was higher than that in squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma with statistical difference(P <0.05).The CYFRA21-1level in squamous carcinoma and adencarcinoma was higher than that in small cell lung cancer with statistical difference (P <0.05).The sensitivity of NSE was highest in six tumor markers,which was 82.8%.In 6 tumor markers,3 markers were positive,the positive rate of lung cancer was higher,while the false positive rate was significantly reduced.Conclusion The levels and positive rates of serum tumor markers are associated with the pathological type of lung cancer.The combined detection of serum tumor markers can increase the sensitivity and accuracy in early diagnosis of lung cancer.The combination measurement of CEA,NSE and CYFRA21-1 is the first choice.

Preoperative serum specimens were collected from 249 endometrial cancers and 99 uterine leiomyomas and their concentrations of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4),CA 125 and CA 19-9 were detected.The indices of diagnostic evaluation were calculated.Preoperative serum concentrations of HE4,CA125 and CA19-9 in endometrial carcinoma group were significantly higher than those of control group.The areas under curve of HE4,CA125 and CA19-9 were 0.736,0.615 and 0.661 respectively and that of combiued markers was 0.774.At a 90％ specificity,the sensitivities for HE4,CA125,CA19-9 were 55.0％,26.9％ and 30.1％ while that of combined markers was 56.2％.HE4 is an ideal tumor marker for endometrial cancer and combined detection improves diagnostic rate.

Objective To investigate the application value of combined detection of serum human epididymis protein 4 (HE4),cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and cancer antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) in early endometrial carcinoma.Methods Two hundred and six patients with early endometrial carcinoma (endometrial carcinoma group) and 118 patients with uterine fibroids (uterine fibroids group) were selected.Serum level of HE4 was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),and serum levels of CA 125 and CA 19-9 were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay(CLIA).The positive rates of serum HE4,CA125 and CA19-9 in the 2 groups were compared.The changes between pre-and post-operative in the serum levels of serum HE4,CA125 and CA19-9 were compared in 147 endometrial carcinoma patients.Results The serum levels of HE4 and CA19-9 in endometrial carcinoma group were significantly higher than those in uterine fibroids group [76.57 (56.92-104.60) pmol/L vs.56.75 (48.33-68.91) pmol/L,13.26(6.07-25.90) kU/L vs.7.64(3.76-16.45) kU/L],there were statistical differences (P =0.000),there was no statistical difference in serum level of CA125 between the 2 groups (P=0.106).In endometrial carcinoma group,the positive rates of serum HE4 and HE4 + CA125 + CA19-9 were significantly higher than the positive rates of serum CA125,CA19-9,CA125+CA19-9,there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.01).The positive rates of serum HE4,CA19-9,HE4 +CA125,HE4 +CA19-9 and HE4 +CA125 +CA19-9 in endometrial carcinoma group were significantly higher than those in uterine fibroids group,there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.01).The serum levels of HE4,CA125 and CA19-9 in post-operative in 147 endometrial carcinoma patients were significantly lower than those in pre-operative,there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The diagnostic value of serum HE4 in early endometrial carcinoma is better than CA125 and CA19-9,while combined detection of serum HE4,CA125 and CA19-9 can raise the positive rate and be helpful for therapeutic effect evaluation.

Objective:To investigate the antigenicity of ClpC 2 and the feasibility of polyclonal antibodies of ClpC 2 as detected antibody.Methods:rClpC2 was induced with IPTG.The rClpC2 was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot ,and purified by affinity chromatography ,with which rabbit were immunized and the specificity of rabbit antiserum was detected by Western blot , the titer of rabbit antiserum against ClpC2 was detected by double immunodiffusion and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The antigenicity of the rClpC2 was detected by ELISA.The polyclonal antibodies of ClpC 2 were prepared to detect the ClpC 2 in clinical serum of TB patients by ELISA.Results:SDS-PAGE showed specific protein band with a relative molecular mass of 46 kD.The rClpC2 could bind with the antibody in the blood serum of the mouse immuned by MTB.By Bandscan analysis rClpC 2 accounted for about 58.7%of the total bacteria protein ,the purity of rClpC2 was 88.5% after purification.The ClpC2 of BCG could bind with the rabbit antiserum.The titer of antiserum were 1∶32 and 1∶320 000 by double immunodiffusion and ELISA detected respectively.ELISA results showed that clinical serum positive rate of rClpC 2 antigen was 46%in TB patients,the sensitivity of this protein was 46%,and the spe-cificity of this protein was 90%.ELISA results showed that the sensitivity of rabbit antiserum against ClpC 2 was 40%, and the specificity was 90%.Conclusion: Successfully expressed and purified rClpC 2 and high titer polyclonal antibody were successfully prepared,and these results will provide basements for further study on the biological functions of ClpC 2 and its candidate potentiality as serological diagnosis and drug-target and biological functions of antiserum against ClpC 2.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of the massive transfusion protocols (MTP) in abdominal surgical patients with traumatic shock.Methods An analysis was made on the clinical data of patients before and after the use of MTP,including the general condition,amount of blood transfusion,transfusion components and ratio,blood and coagulation function test,and blood transfusion related complications and mortality.Results Before implement of MTP,the average RBC transfusion in the first 24 hours was 19.5U,FFBwas 12.6U,and the ratio ofRBC ∶ FFB was 1.55 ∶ 1.After implement of MTP,the average RBC transfusion in the first 24 hours was 17.3 U,and the ratio of RBC:FFB was 1 ∶ 1.There were no significant statistical differences between the two groups about PT,APTT,Hb and PLT on admission.After 24 hours of admission,there was no significant difference in Hb between the two groups,there were significant differences of PT,APTT and PLT.Blood transfusion related complications were 11 (14.9％) in control group and 7 (11.9％) in MTP,group,and the mortality was 9.46％ and 6.78％ respectively.Conclusions MTP improves blood coagulation function,reduces blood transfusion and enhances survival rate of abdominal surgical patients with traumatic shock.

Objective:To elucidate the effect of hsa-microRNA-218(hsa-mir-218)on exogenous granulysin (GLS) expression in 293T cells.Methods:Total RNA was extracted from THP-1 cells induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetatefor (PMA), and GLS gene was amplified by RT-PCR, and then cloned into pDsRed-Express-C1 to construct the GLS expression vector pDsRed-GLS.Then 293T cells were co-transfected with pDsRed-GLS and pGenesil-mir-218 (pGenesil-mir-control) and laser confocal microscopy was per-formed 36 h later to detect their co-expression .Total RNA and protein were extracted 48 h post transfection , and RT-PCR and Western blot were performed to detect the effect of hsa-mir-218 on exogenous GLS expression .Results:The GLS expression vector pDsRed-GLS was constructed successfully and laser confocal microscopy indicated that it was co -expressed with the interference vector .Compared with that of cells transfected with pGenesil-mir-control, Western blot showed a markedly decrease of GLS protein expression (50%) in the cells transfected with pGenesil-mir-218.However, GLS mRNA expression remained unchanged .Conclusion: hsa-mir-218 nega-tively regulates GLS expression at a post-transcriptional level , and this provides an experimental basis for future study of mechanism of GLS expression regulated by mir-218 .

Astrocytes(AS)are the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system and are involved in many physiological and pathological processes in the nervous system.Alterations in their phenotype are particularly important for the health of the CNS.Epigenetic mechanisms,including DNA methylation,histone modification,non-coding RNA regulation,and chromatin remodeling,are closely linked to alterations in AS proliferation,differentiation,inflammation,and other phenotypic features,but how these mechanisms function needs to be explored and summarized.By reviewing the recent advances in the role of epigenetic mechanisms in AS under various physiological and pathological states,we aim to provide new ideas for the understanding and treatment of related diseases.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide （DOP）on CCl₄-induced hepatic fibrosis（HF）and its mechanism. MethodsA total of 56 male SD rats were randomly divided into seven groups： normal group（NG），model group（MG），colchicine group（CG， 0.1 mg/kg）， Fuzheng Huayu group（FG， 0.45 g/kg），low-dose DOP group（LDG， 0.05 g/kg），middle-dose DOP group（MDG， 0.1 g/kg）and high-dose DOP group（HDG，0.2 g/kg），with 8 rats in each group. HF rat model was established by subcutaneous injection with 40% CCl₄ olive oil mixture， every 3-day for 10 weeks. At the end of the sixth week， the drug groups were treated with colchicine， Fuzheng Huayu and DOP solution by gavage respectively， once a day for 4 weeks. NG and MG groups were similarly handled with an equal amount of 0.9 % normal saline. Liver histopathology was detected using hematoxylin-eosin （HE）， Masson and Sirius red staining； blood biochemistry was tested for liver function and four indicators of HF； RT-qPCR and Western Blot were used to measure the expression of α-SMA， Col-I， E-cadherin， and ZEB1 genes and proteins in the liver tissues of rats， respectively. ResultsHE， Masson， and Sirius red staining showed that the liver tissue of MG rats had typical pathologic features of HF， and the degree of HF was alleviated in LDG， MDG， and HDG rats， respectively. Liver function test results showed that the serum AST， TBIL， and AKP levels were significantly lower in LDG， MDG， and HDG， compared with those of the MG （P < 0.05 or < 0.01）. Meanwhile， ALT levels in serum deceased remarkably except in LDG （P < 0.05 or < 0.01）. The four results of HF showed that the serum HA， LN， PC-Ⅲ， and COL-Ⅳ levels in LDG， MDG， and HDG rats were significantly decreased compared with those of the MG （P < 0.05 or < 0.01）. The relative expressions of α-SMA， COL-I， and ZEB1 genes and proteins were significantly decreased in the liver tissues of LDG， MDG， and HDG （P < 0.05 or < 0.01）， and the relative expression of E-cadherin gene and protein increased （P < 0.05 or < 0.01）. In addition， the expressions of HA， α-SMA， COL-I， ZEB1 and E-cadherin were dependent on the dose of DOP. ConclusionDOP alleviated the degree of CCl₄ induced HF in rats by inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in liver tissue.