Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of integrating 3D photos and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)images and to assess the degree of error that may occur during the above process,and to analyze soft and hard tissue changes after orthognathic surgery using this new method.Methods:Ten patients with maxillofacial deformities were chosen.For each patient,CBCT scans and stereophotographic images were taken before and 3 months after surgery.3D photos were superimposed onto the CBCT skin im-ages using relatively immobile areas of the face as a reference.3D color maps and mean distances were used to evaluate the errors that might occur during the process.Two reference planes were set up using cer-tain points.The distances between Prn (pronasale),Sn (subnasale),Ls (labrale superior),ANS (anterior nasal spine),A (subspinale),UIE (upper incisor edge)to the coronal plane were calculated before and af-ter surgery.In order to verify the repeatability of this method,we examined the distances twice at two-week intervals.Paired t test was used to evaluate the reproducibility.Results:CBCT and 3D photos could be successfully fused with clinically acceptable errors.This new method could be used to evaluate soft and hard tissue changes after orthognathic surgery.The 3D color maps showed that the two images could be fused with minimal errors.The mean distances were within 0.3 mm,and the locations of landmarks on maxilla and mandible such as Ls,ANS,A,UIE changed significantly after orthognathic surgery (P <0.05). Landmarks on the nose such as Prn,Sn had little changes after surgery (P >0.1 ).The paired t test showed that the mean value and standard deviation were (0.08 ±0.98)mm.Conclusion:Fusing of CBCT and 3D stereophotographic images used as a new method in evaluating soft and hard tissue changes after orthognathic surgery was feasible and accurate.The virtual 3D composite craniofacial models permitted concurrent assess-ment of hard and soft tissues during diagnosis and treatment planning.Maxillary and mandibular locations had significant association with orthoganthic surgery while the nasal tissue was not simp affected by surgery.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic morbidity can predict its progress tendency. National diabetic morbidity has been increased compared with previous level at present.OBJECTIVE: To compare the diabetic morbidity between populations with impaired glucose tolerance or normal blood glucose tolerance to analyze its correlative influencing factors.DESIGN: A cluster sampling survey in two communities of Liuzhou City Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region based on adults.SETTING: Department of endocrinology in a university hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Diabetic morbidity was investigated in 4 relative big unit communities of Liuzhou City between July and August 1994. The resident population of the communities was 11 886, which were all adults between 20 and 75 years old and lived in Liuzhou City for more than 5 years. Populations with either impaired glucose tolerance or normal blood glucose tolerance in 2 of the 4 unit communities were followed up in October 1999. Totally 9 230 individuals should be checked and 6 020 subjects were actually checked with the response rate of 65.22% (quite a few cases lost followed up due to unemployment and retirement, etc. ) . Inclusion criteria: Finally 5 539 subjects with complete data of two surveys entered into statistics. There were 5 237 normal individuals and 266 individuals with impaired glucose tolerance. And there were 3 177 males including 110 individuals with impaired glucose tolerance with an average age of(40 ± 12) years old, and 2 362 females including 156 individuals with impaired glucose tolerance with an average age of(41 ± 10) years old. Exclusion criterion: secondary diabetes.METHODS: Totally 5 539 subjects(including individuals with normal blood glucose or impaired glucose tolerance) who confirmed without diabetes in 1994 survey for diabetic morbidity in 2 unit communities of Liuzhou City Gugangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region received recheck in 1999 including blood glucose, body mass index(BMI), blood pressure and blood fat to analyze the impacts of each factor on diabetic morbidity.bidity among correlative risk factors.RESULTS: Totally 5 539 individuals were included into statistics. A totally of 46 of 5 237 normal individuals developed diabetes with the annual percent of conversion of 0.19%, while 50 of 226 individuals with impaired glucose tolerance developed diabetes with the annual percent of conversion of 3.84%, which had 20.9 times of correlative risk significantly higher than normal individuals(x2 = 1 063.1, P < 0. 000 1).CONCLUSION: The risk of diabetes is higher in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance than normal individuals. Age, BMI, hypertension, fasting blood glucose, blood glucose, and 1 hour blood glucose in Glucose tolerance test are risk factors of diabetic morbidity.

Objective To investigate the detection and clinical significance of Tp-e interval extension of sudden coro-nary death. Methods A total of 502 patients with coronary heart disease were selected, of which 46 patients with sud-den coronary death were assigned to the sudden death group and the other 456 patients were assigned to the survival group. The Tp-e, Tp-e/√RR , heart rate-corrected QT inverval (QTc) and left ventricular ejection fraction of the two groups were compared and the clinical significance of Tp-e interval extension for sudden coronary death was decided. Results Compared to the survival group, the sudden death group had significantly extended Tp-e, Tp-e/√RR and QTc(P<0.05);Compared to the survival group, the sudden death group had significantly reduced LVEF (P<0.05); Tp-e extension was positively correlated to sudden coronary death and QTc(P<0.05). Conclusion The Tp-e interval extended obviously in the patients with sudden coronary death and thus can serve as a predictive risk factor of sudden coronary death.