0.05). But the incidence of rehospitalization in combination group because of adverse cardiovascular events wasn’t more two times than that of non-combination group (OR=2.07; 95% confidence interval ranged from 1.87 to 2.20). CONCLUSION: The results of study are similar to other studies of foreign countries. PPI can influent the anti-platelet effect of clopidogrel so as to increase the incidence of rehospitalization risk resulted from adverse cardiovascular events. Physicians should apply PPI with cautions.

BACKGROUND: Human leukocyte antigen-E (HLA-E) is one of non-classical HLA class I genes. Up to now, the polymorphism analysis is mainly aimed at the variation in exon 3 of HLA-E, which determines HLA-E*01:01 or HLA-E*01:03. However, the identification of the full-length HLA-E and its novel alleles is rare reported.OBJECTIVE: To establish the method of identification of HLA-E genomic full-length sequence, and to identify its novel alleles in healthy blood donors in Shenzhen, China.METHODS: Peripheral blood DNA samples were extracted from the subjects, and the amplified primers and sequencing primers in conserved regions were designed according to the sequences of HLA-E published in the IMGT/HLA database.A high-fidelity reaction system was used to amplify the genomic full-length of HLA-E, followed by sequencing,assembling, confirming and typing.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Herein, we successfully established the method for amplifying genomic full-length sequence and sequence-based typing. Two novel HLA-E alleles were nominated by WHO HLA Nomenclature committee as HLA-E*01:01:01:06 and HLA-E*01:01:01:07. Compared with the most related allele HLA-E*01:01:01:01,HLA-E*01:01:01:06 had one nucleotide change at nt-26(G->T) in 5'-promoter, and HLA-E*01:01:01:07 had one nucleotide change at nt3345(T->C) in 3'-UTR. The polymorphism data of genomic full-length HLA-E in Chinese individuals need to be filled, and the method we developed here supplies the key technique for the further studies.

Objective To evaluate the effects of Reyanbao combined with acupiont application on pain and comfort degree of pregnant women with surgical abortion. Methods One hundred twenty pregnant women suffering from abdominal pain after surgical abortion were randomly divided into control group and treatment group:the control group was treated with conventional nursing care and the treatment group was with Chinese medicine Reyanbao combined with acupiont application from the same treatment as in the control group, pain and comfort of patients were observed after two hours of treatment. Result The pain and comfort of the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Chinese medicine Reyanbao combined with acupiont application can effectively relieve pain after surgical abortion and improve comfort. It is a safe, effective, convenient and practical in use of traditional Chinese medicine nursing analgesia technology.

Objective:To analyze the immunogenicity of the extracellular region of Δ42PD1.Methods: Six fragments ofΔ42PD1 extracellular region-encoding sequence were amplified by PCR, and were cloned into pCTCON2 vector, a yeast surface displaying vector.Yeast cells were transfected with Δ42PD1 fragment-carrying plasmids, then yeast cells were spread on SDCAA plates.Single cell clones were selected and cultured in SGCAA media to induce expression of the target genes.Mouse anti-humanΔ42PD1 anti-serum were generated by immunization of BALB/c mice via intramuscular injection ofΔ42PD1-carrying plasmid plus in-situ electroporation.The binding of anti-serum with yeast cells surface-displaying Δ42PD1 fragments were analyzed using flowcytometry.Results:Nucleotide sequences analysis indicated that the amplified six fragments ofΔ42PD1 sequence length were 110 bp,and the isolated sequence ofΔ42PD1 fragments were 100%homology with PD1 gene previously registered in GenBank.Results from flowcytometry showed that among the six fragments of Δ42PD1 displaying on the surface of yeast cells,F3 and F2 profoundly boundΔ42PD1-specific polyclonal antibodies.Conclusion:F3 and F2 ofΔ42PD1 is an immunogenic dominant region,which pave the way for generation of Δ42PD1-specific monoclonal antibody and epitope mapping.

T-6 specific IFN-γ ELISPOT has higher specificity, sensitivity, the positive and negative predicative value. Therefore, the ELISPOT warrant for further improvement and clinical application.

Since the attenuated live vaccine against measles was developed,the epidemic of measles has been controlled effectively,however,there is a trend of gradual increase of measles cases in recent years.The epidemiological and clinical features of 4430 measles patients in Shenzhen Municipality in last 10 years were reviewed.The data showed that the epidemic season was postponed with the peak of June to September;the prevalent age groups were infants and adults,the number of severe cases increased;and the positive rate of serological antibody in infants with measles was the lowest.

Objective To identify subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus 1(HIV-1)strains from the AIDS patients in Shenzhen and determine whether the HIV-1 subtypes differ in disease progression.Methods HIV-1 env gene was amplified by the nest-RT-PCR from plasma obtained from 26 patients with AIDS in Shenzhen. The C2-V3 regions were sequenced to identify subtypes The plasma viral loads and CD4T lymphocyte were measured as the same time.Results Phylogenetic trees showed that the 12 AIDS patients had subtype B in which, one was close with the U.S reference strain and 11 with the Chinese Yunnan reference strain;13 AIDS patients had subtype CRF01-AE from Thailand;There were no differences in the CD4 cell count and plasma HIV-RNA levels between individuals infected with subtypes B and CRF01-AE.Conclusion Our study indicated that HIV-1 subtype B and CRF01-AE strains were present in AIDS patients in Shenzhen. There was no evidence that the subtypes of virus could determine disease progression.

BACKGROUND: Due to the polymorphism of HLA, a large number of ambiguities have been generated by conventional HLA typing techniques, and confirmed stereotypes of ambiguous results based on group-specific haploid full-length typing are rarely reported.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the accuracy of HLA-typing ambigulity based on group-specific haploid full-length sequencing. METHODS: The low-resolution results were used as the starting point for two ambiguous samples. Sanger sequencing (PCR-SBT) based on haploid full-length was performed after group-specific amplification. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: One case showed a new A*02:03:01 allele, which was found a mutation in NT817 from C to T in comparison with A*11:01:01:01. The other case indicated another new C*07:02:01:01, which was found a mutation in NT879 from A to G in comparison with C*08:01:01. In conclusion, these results indicate that the group-specific haploid full-length sequencing method can be used to accurately classify HLA alleles and to discover new alleles.

Objective To develop an ELISA(Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay)diagnostic kit for early rapid detection of sarum anti-EV71 antibody and evaluate its clinical application value.Methods Recombinant protein VP1 of EV71 were prepared and purified as an immobilized antigen for establishment of an indirect ELISA for detection of serum anti-EV71 IgM and anti-EV71 IgG.Compared with RT-PCR.isolation of EV71 and micro-neutralizing assay.the clinical application value of anti-EV71 IgM and anti-EV71 ISG in the diagnosis of EV71 disease was evaluated.Results In comparison with RT-PCR.the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of anti-EV71 IgM antibody were 83%,85%,81%and 87%,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of anti-EV71 IgG antibody were 72%,74%,68%and 77%.respectively.Compared with viral isolation assay.the sensitivity and specificity of anti-EV71 IgM antibody were 85%and 97%,respectively.The sensitivity and specificity of anti-EV71 IsG antibody were 75%and 77%,respectively.In addition.the titers of anti-EV71 IgG antibody were significantly correlated with the titers of neutralizing antibody to EV71 by linear regression analysis(r=0.72,P＜0.05).Finally,the serum titers of anti-IgG from patients with EV71 associated hand food and mouth disease at convalescent stage exhibited significantly higher than that of the same patients at acute stage(P＜0.01),but the titers of anti-IgM had no significant difference(P＞0.05).Conclusions With VP1 recombinant protein used as an immobilized antigen,an indirect ELISA diagnostic kit was successfully develooed for detection of serum anti-human EV71 IgM and anti-human EV71 IgG antibodies.

Objective To analyze clinical and laboratory features, viral load and viral shedding period of patients with mild or severe H1N1 influenza A infection. Methods Seventy mild cases and 16 severe cases with concurrent pneumonia were included from Shcnzhen area for analysis.Nasopharyngeal-swab specimens of patients were collected and viral load was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay during their hospitalization. The viral load and viral shedding period were compared between patients over 14 years old and less than 14 years old, and between 70 mild cases without pneumonia and 16 severe cases with pneumonia. The statistic analysis was performed using t test and chi square test. Results The most common symptoms and signs of the patients were fever, cough and enlargement of tonsils. However, the severe cases suffered more frequently from cough, dyspnea and high fever compared with the mild cases (x2 = 10. 9 and 14.3, respectively, t=3.65; both P＜0.01 ). The levels of white blood cell (WBC) count and alanine arninotransferase (ALT) of severe patients were both significantly higher than those of mild patients(t= 3.2, 2.4,respectively; both P＜0.05). The chest radiology of the severe cases showed interstitial pneumonia,mostly with ground glass image. The viral load of patients under 14 years was significantly higher than those over 14 years [(4.86± 1.23) lg vs (4. 17±0.89) lg; t=2.3, P＜0.05], and the viral shedding period of patients under 14 years was significantly longer than those over 14 years [(5.33±0. 49) d vs(3. 63±0.28) d; t=3.4, P＜0.01]. The severe patients also displayed significantly higher viral load and prolonged viral shedding period than the mild patients [(6. 36±1. 44) lg vs (4. 35±0.99) lg, t=6.1,P＜0.01; (5.75±1.77) d vs (4. 24±1. 96) d, t=3.2, P＜0.01]. Conclusion Age anddisease severity of patients with H1N1 influenza A infection are significantly associated with viral load and viral shedding period.