Autologous stem cell transplantation(ASCT) significantly increased the complete response rate(CR) and long-term survival in the patients younger than 65 years with multiple myeloma(MM). ASCT in the early stage of disease is currently considered the standard therapy in younger patients with newly diagnosed MM. High-dose melphalan with 200 mg/m2 is still considered the best conditioning. Double autotransplant is recommended for the patients without having VGPR after the first ASCT. Novel pretransplant induction regimens and conditioning with novel drugs such as bortezomib could improve the effect of ASCT. The best curative approach in multiple myeloma is allogeneic transplantation (allo-HSCT) with much higher CR. The long-term survival of patients receiving conventional/myeloablative conditioning (MAC) allo-HSCT is not better than that of the ASCT because of higher transplant-related mortility (TRM). Allo-HSCT with MAC has almost universally been replaced by the dose-reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic transplantation (Allo-RIC),which has lower TRM. More patients and long-term follow-up are needed to test the efficacy of single ASCT followed by Allo-RIC in patients with multiple myeloma.

Objective To investigate the distribution of TCM Syndromes of Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods The 125 PD patients were graded according to Hoehn-Yahr(H&Y) criteria for assessment.The assigned TCM physician investigated TCM syndromes of these patients with the structured questionnaire which was based on literature and experience of experts.Results Of 125 cases,96 ones(76.8%) presented a single syndrome,and 29 ones(23.2%) presented complex syndrome.The positive rate of main syndrome was in an order of deficiency of both the Spleen and Kidney(22.4%),yin deficiency of the Liver and Kidney(18.4%),yang deficiency of the Spleen and Kidney(16%),qi deficiency of both qi and yin(15.2%),phlegm-heat stirring up the wind(12.8%),qi deficiency with blood stasis(4.8%),deficiency of both yin and yang(4%),damp abundance due to the Spleen deficiency(3.2%),endoretention of damp heat(1.6%),stagnation of the Liver qi with deficiency of the Spleen and Liver fire flaring(0.8%).There existed a significant difference in the distribution of TCM syndromes in H&Y 1.0~1.5 and H&Y 2.0~3.0(P

Administration, Inhalation ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; Child ; Drug Administration Routes ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Female ; Humans ; Male

Abstract: Objective To understand the difference of DNA sequence and RNA sequence of paired pol region in HIV patients in constructing HIV genetic transmission network, and to provide scientific data for constructing molecular transmission networks using DNA sequences. Methods　The whole blood and plasma samples of HIV patients living in 2014 and newly reported in 2015-2018 in Liuzhou, Guangxi, were collected, DNA and RNA sequences were extracted, amplified, sequenced, spliced and aligned, and then genetic transmission networks were constructed, and the connectivity consistency of genetic transmission networks constructed by DNA and RNA sequences was compared. Results In this study, a total 2 983 participants were investigated, which were 2014 baseline and 2015-2018 newly reported HIV patients, of which 2 590 participants were only DNA sequences in 2014 baseline, 196 HIV patients were both DNA and RNA sequences of paired pol region in 2014 baseline, and 197 newly reported HIV patients were both DNA and RNA sequences of paired pol region in 2015-2018. In 393 DNA and RNA sequences of paired pol region, the genotype of DNA sequence and RNA sequence were consistent, and there was no statistically significant difference in genetic distance between paired DNA sequences and RNA sequences (Z=-2.72, P=1.00). The connection consistency rate of genetic transmission networks constructed by DNA and RNA sequences of paired pol region of 2015-2018 newly reported with the baseline DNA sequences was 91.4% (108/197). And the connection consistency rate of genetic transmission networks constructed by DNA and RNA sequences of paired pol region of 2015-2018 newly reported with the baseline RNA sequences was 97.0% (191/197). There was no statistical difference in antiretroviral therapy to reduce the risk of HIV secondary transmission between genetic transmission networks constructed by DNA and RNA sequences of paired of pol gene newly reported from 2015 to 2018 with baseline DNA sequence. Conclusion　DNA sequence and RNA sequence of paired pol region of HIV patients have good consistency in genotype, genetic distance, and genetic transmission network construction, and both DNA and RNA sequences can be used for genetic transmission network analysis.

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) not only directly damages lung tissue, but also can be absorbed into blood through alveolar capillaries, which is toxic to the cardiovascular system. PM2.5 can affect lipid metabolism, endothelial function, coagulation and thrombosis through oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction, autonomic nervous dysfunction and immune regulation abnormality, so that it promote arteriosclerosis, plaque instability, and increase the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease. We reviewed the effects and mechanisms of PM2.5 on arteriosclerosis, in order to provide the evidence for the studies into prevention of cardiovascular diseases caused by air pollution.

ObjectiveTo evaluate magnifying endoscopy combined with flexible spectral imaging color enhancement(FICE)for diagnosis of early gastric cancer.MethodsThe suspicious small depressive lesions(SDL) was further studied with magnifying endoscopy or magnifying endoscopy combined with FICE from April 2009 to March 2011 in our hospital.The endoscopic diagnostic criteria of early gastric cancer was made according to the structure of the pit,the microvascular and the demarcation line.ResultsIn 74 SDL,17 were pathologically diagnosed as cancer,and 56 were noncancer.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of magnifying endoscopy were 41.18％,94.74％and 82.43％,respectively,which were 86.67％,96.49％ and 91.89％,respectively for magnifying endoscopy combined with FICE.The diagnostic sensitivity of magnifying endoscopy combined with FICE was significantly higher than that of magnifying endoscopy (P ＜0.05 ).ConclusionMagnifying endoscopy combined with FICE can reveal the structure of the pit,microvascular and demarcation line more clearly.The endoscopic diagnostic criteria is a more comprehensive description of the mucosal micro-morphological features of early gastric cancer.

Objective To study a graft method of an acellular dermis composited with cultured human keratinocyte sheets,and investigate the outcomes of the composite graft on full-thickness wounds.Methods Using porcine skins,we prepared the acellular dermis and cultured human keratinocyte sheets in vitro.Athymic null mice were divided into the experimental group and the control group,the acellular xeno-dermis was implanted into the subcutaneous of the dorsal skin in experimental group,one week after the implantation the cultured keratinocyte sheets were grafted on the full-thickness defective area of the dorsal skin in the experimental group,in control group only implanted human keratinocyte sheet on the defective area wound,healing status was regular assessed,and biopsies for histological analysis and immunohistochemistry test were performed in post-operation.Results Compared with the control group,the appearance of wound coverage in the experimental group was better.Moreover,the histologic analysis revealed that fully differentiated epidermis,organized proliferated collagen fibers and significant reconstruction of epidermis-dermis junction were seen in the experimental group which lack of the acute immuno-rejection response.Conclusion As a kind of dermal substitutes,the acellular xeno-dermis can be compositely transplanted with cultured human keratinocyte sheet and can improve the quality of wound healing.

A new method for determining transaminase activity based on the color change of the reaction solution was established, by using alanine-dependent transaminase VfTA from Vibrio fluvialis JS17 as the research object coupled with pyruvate oxidase and horseradish peroxidase. After the optimization of the conditions, the linear relationship between VfTA activity units and the absorbance at 400 nm was investigated. This method was also applied to determine the activity of commercial transaminase ATA117. The results showed that the detection limit of transaminase VfTA activity was up to 0. 45 U/mL and the detection limit of ATA117 activity was up to 0. 5 U/mL. The transaminase activity could be quickly judged according to the color depth of the reaction solution.

Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) refers to the decline of cognitive function after stroke, including mild cognitive impairment and dementia. It is very important to prevent PSCI, and it is a direction worth exploring to find the predictors. This article reviews the research progress of the predictors of PSCI, including demographic characteristics, imaging characteristics of stroke onset, stroke itself characteristics, and molecular markers, hoping to help screen high-risk patients and intervene in time to delay the occurrence and development of PSCI.

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between intestinal mucosal mast cells and intestinal flora during intestinal ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) in mice.Methods:Forty-eight healthy male C57BL/6 mice, aged 9-12 weeks, weighing 20-25 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=12 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (group Sham), sham operation plus mast cell membrane stabilizer cromolyn sodium (CS) group (group Sham+ CS), I/R group and I/R+ CS group.The intestinal I/R injury was induced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 45 min followed by 4 h of reperfusion in I/R and I/R+ CS groups.The superior mesenteric artery was only exposed but not occluded in Sham and Sham+ CS groups.CS 50 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected once a day for two weeks before surgery in Sham+ CS and I/R+ CS groups.The equal volume of normal saline was intraperitoneally injected once a day for two weeks before surgery in Sham and I/R groups.Mice were then sacrificed and intestinal tissues were harvested for examination of the pathological changes of intestinal mucosa with a light microscope after HE staining, and the damage to intestinal tissues was assessed and scored according to Chiu.The expression of mast cell tryptase was detected using the immunohistochemical SP staining method, and the mast cells were counted.The intestinal contents were collected, the total amount of bacteria in intestinal flora was detected by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, and the diversity (Chao1 index and Shannon index) and relative abundance of intestinal microbial bacteria were detected by 16S rDNA sequencing method. Results:Compared with Sham group, the Chiu′s score and mast cell count were significantly increased, the expression of mast cell tryptase was up-regulated, the total amount of intestinal flora bacteria was increased, Chao1 index and Shannon index were decreased, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroides and Enterobacteriaceae were increased, and the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria was reduced in I/R group ( P<0.05 or 0.01), and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in Sham+ CS group ( P>0.05). Compared with I/R group, the Chiu′s score and mast cell count were significantly decreased, the expression of mast cell tryptase was down-regulated, the total amount of intestinal flora bacteria was decreased, Chao1 index and Shannon index were increased, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroides and Enterobacteriaceae were reduced, and the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria was increased in I/R+ CS group ( P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusion:The activation of intestinal mucosal mast cell can lead to imbalance of intestinal flora, decrease the number of probiotics and increase the number of potential pathogenic bacteria, and thus be involved in the pathophysiological mechanism of intestinal I/R injury in mice.