Aim Tostudytheantidepressanteffectand mechanism of Gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris. Methods Themodelofdepressionwasestablishedby unpredictable chronic mild stress(UCMS),then open filed test (OFT)and tail suspension test (TST)were used to evaluate the behavioral changes.LC-MS/MS method was employed to measure blood neurotransmit-ters.mRNA expressions of IDO,IL-10 and IL-1βwere detected by quantitative PCR method.Hippocampus protein expression was detected by Western blot.Re-sults Comparedwithcontrolgroup,modelgroup's total distance,number of standing and tail suspension fixed time increased significantly (P <0. 05 ),Neuro-transmitter level of 5-HT in the blood was significantly decreased(P<0. 05 ).mRNA expression of IDO and IL-1βwas increased in hippocampus.Protein expres-sion of IDO was significantly increased in hippocampus (P <0. 05 ).Compared with model group,the treat-ment group was significantly decreased in total distance,number of standing and tail suspension fixedtime(P<0. 05).Neurotransmitter level of 5-HT in the blood and mRNA expression of IL-10 in hippocampus were significantly increased after treatment (P <0. 05 ).mRNA and protein expression of IDO were ob-viously down-regulated in hippocampus (P <0. 05 ). Conclusions GrosssaponinsofTribulusterrestriscan obviously improve rat behavior and show antidepressanteffect,which can increase neurotransmitter level of 5-HT in the blood,down-regulate mRNA expression of IDO and IL-1β,and obviously increase protein expres-sion levels of IDO in hippocampus(P<0. 05 ).

· Vascular endothelial growth factor is indispensable inducing factor in retinalangiogenesis. After the retinal neovascularization of proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR ) patients, it can cause fibrovascular membrane formation, epiretinal membrane fibrosis increased, resulting in traction retinal detachment with further aggravate the condition. The recent research suggests that cytokines promote fibroblast proliferation, movement, adhesion, and secretion of extracellular matrix functions in the diabetic state of the environment changes to profibrogenic state, resulting in the accumulation and fibrosis of extracellular matrix. This paper reviewed the status quo of the correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor and fibrosis-related cytokine.

Bicuspid ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; pathology ; Humans ; Mandible ; Root Canal Therapy

Objective To investigate effects of Tanshinone Ⅱ A (Tan Ⅱ) on proliferation and apoptosis of myeloblastic leukemia cell lines.Methods NB4,K562 and THP-1 cells were incubated with TanⅡA for 24,48 and 72 hours.Ddaunorubicin was used as a positive control.Cell proliferation was monitored by MTT assay.Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were determined by Annexin Ⅴ-FITC/PI flow cytometry.Expression of Caspase-3 was quantified by spectrophotometry.Results After incubation with various leukemia cells for 24,48 and 72 hours,Tan Ⅱ inhibited proliferation of NB4 cells with IC50 of 24.11,9.60 and 7.28 μmol/L,inhibited K562 cells with IC50 of 31.75,11.88 and 6.81 μmol/L and inhibited THP-1 cells with IC50 of 111.10,32.82 and 11.82,respectively.After treatment with Tan Ⅱ for 48 hours,cell apoptosis,the number of G1 phase cells and the expression of Caspase-3 in all three leukemia cell lines were increased significantly comparing with the blank control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Tan Ⅱ A has proliferation inhibitory effect on myeloblastic leukemia cell lines by the order of effect NB4＞K562＞THP-1.Tan ⅡA displays anti-leukemia activity possibly through arresting leukemia cells in G1 phase and inducing apoptosis by increasing Caspase-3 expression.

In this experiment six methods,calcium chloride(CaCl_(2)) precipitation,polyethylene glycol(PEG,pH7.0) precipitation,polyethylene glycol(PEG,pH11.5) precipitation,aluminum chloride(AlCl_(3)) precipitation,Amicon Utcra centrifugal filter devices and cellulose nitrate membrane were used to concentrate the vaccine poliovirus type 1(PV_(1)) added to water body;experimental conditions for concentration were selected and optimized.The results showed that two methods,CaCl_(2)and PEG(pH 7.0) precipitation were suitable for concentrating virus in large volumes of water while amicon utcra centrifugal filter devices for small ones.The virus recovery of the three methods reached a 100% rate.

Objective To investigate the existence of the erythropoiesis inhibitors(?).Methods Twelve patients suffered from uremia with anemia were studied[5 males,and 7 females,(50?12)years].Methylcellulose culture technique was used to culture mice bone marrow cells.The sera from the uremia patients were added to CFU- E and BFU-E culture medium with final concentrations of 1,25%,2.5% and 5%,Mice bone marrow cells were ob- tained from the female Balb/c mice.In vitro CFU-E and BFU-E culture in the presence of sera from uremia patients was compared with that in the presence of normal human subjects with the use of normal mice bone marrows.Re- suits The effects of the sera from uremia patients on CFU-E and BFU-E colon growth were in a dose-dependent manner.The effect was correlated with the concentrations of the sera(P

AIM To analyze the toxicity and inhibitory mechanism of extracts from cultured cells (F 4 cell line) of Taxus chinensis on cancer cell lines SMMC 7721 and HEp 2. METHODS MTT assay for cell viability and flow cytometry for cell cycle analysis. RESULTS IC 50 of SMMC 7721 and HEp 2 were 0 161 4 g DCW?L -1 and 0 275 6 g DCW?L -1 respectively,tumor cells in G 2～M stage all increased with higher concentration and longer incubation of extracts from Taxus chinensis cells. CONCLUSION Extracts from cultured cells of Taxus chinensis could have cytotoxic effect on SMMC 7721 and HEp 2 and could induce apoptosis of both two cancer cells.

BACKGROUND: Microglial cells are prominently involved in certain neurologic diseases such as Parkinson disease and Alzeheimer disease. In vitro primary culture is commonly used in studies on the functions of microglia.However, these classical culture methods have some defects including complex procedures and low out-put.OBJECTIVE: To establish a simplified high-output primary culture of microglia.DESIGN: An explorative experiment with microglial cells as the single sample.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Affiliated Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology.MATERIALS: The study was finished at the Central Laboratory of Union Hospital from April to October 2004. Microglial cells were obtained from 10 newborn(one day) male Kunming mice that were selected.METHODS: The author' s culture method was based on McCarthy method, we developed a new culture method and made some improvements,including the increased cell density for primary culture and nutritional deprivation. The microlglial cells were isolated with low-concentration trypsin-EDTA(ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) digestion and immunochemically labeled with MAC-1 antibody, so as to measure the output and purity of microglia.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Morphologic features of microglial cells, observed with inverted microscope; ② Purity and activity of microglia cultured with these two methods, were measured immunohistochemically.RESULTS: For microglia cultured with McCarthy method, the culture cycle was 20 days and the output was 2 × l05 cells per flask with a purity of 95% -97%. The new method shortened the culture cycle to 15 days and the output reached 1 × 106 cells per flask with a purity of 96-98%. Cell purity and activity had no significant difference between these two culture methods.CONCLUSION: The new method has a similar purity and activity with classical method; however, it may simplify procedures, shorten cycle, and increase output, and therefore can be a useful method for studies on microglia function and for nerve repair.

Objective The objective of this article was to compare patients' dose with electrocardiographic gated mA modulation (ECG) and ECG＆CAREDose 4D mode during coronary MSCT angiography.Methods The research was based on phantom experiment and computer simulation to get the mean value of peak skin dose data and effective dose data respectively and to analyze deterministic and stochastic radiation risk.Results The peak skin dose using ECG mode alone and using ECG＆CAREDose 4D mode with the same image noise level was (87.4±0.9) and (45.9 ± 1.2) mGy respectively.Effective dose was 17 and 10 mSy for ECG mode and ECG＆CAREDose 4D mode respectively.Comparing with ECG mode alone, ECG＆CAREDose 4D mode reduced organ dose of gonad, red marrow, lung, stomach, breast and thyroid by 40.0%, 36.7%, 39.3%, 37.7%, 38.8% and 38.9%, respectively. Conclusion Results showed that ECG ＆ CAREDose 4D mode can reduce radiation dose effectively comparing using ECG mode alone, and that ECG ＆ CAREDose 4D mode should be widely applied ehnically with appropriate initial settings.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the bioequiavailability of the domestic and the imported paracetamol and oxycodone tablets.METHODS:The blood concentrations of paracetamol and oxycodone in22healthy male volunteers were determined by HPLC-MS after a single dose orally1tablet of domestic or imported oxycodone tablet by a randomized crossover way.RE?SULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the domestic and the imported oxycodone tablets were as follows:C max were(10.4?2.2),(11.1?3.3)?g/L,respectively;t max were(1.05?0.35),(0.92?0.40)h,respectively;t 1/2 ke were(5.36?0.91),(5.53?1.25)h,respectively;AUC 0～t were(44.2?7.9),(44.5?8.3)(?g?h)/L,respectively;AUC 0～∞ were(49.3?9.4),(51.0?11.6)(?g?h)/L,respectively;the relative bioavailability of the domestic preparation was(102.8?27.4)%.The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the domestic and the imported paracetamol were the following:C max were(4612?696),(4592?825)?g/L,respectively;t max were(0.94?0.28),(0.96?0.23)h,respectively;t 1/2 ke were(3.99?0.77),(4.05?0.83)h,re?spectively;AUC 0～t were(15732?3450),(16265?3858)(?g?h)/L,respectively;AUC 0～∞ were(16618?3545),(17205?4194)(?g?h)/L,respectively;the relative bioavailability of the domestic one was(97.6?10.3)%.CONCLUSIONS:The2preparations are bioequivalent.