Objective To study the experience of cricohiodoepiglottopexy(CHEP) in the cases with glottic cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis has been carried out in 36 cases with glottic cancer. All cases treated in our hospital with supracricoid laryngectomy with CHEP. Results All 36 cases kept the normal airway, swallowing and speech. Conclusion CHEP is a useful technique for laryngeal cancer, particularly for glottic cancer.

Objective To investigate the influence of influenza virus A（H1N1,A/PR/8/34 strain）on alveolar fluid clearance（AFC）in vivo and the effects of β1-adrenergic agonist on AFC in rat lungs infected by H1N1.Methods Fortyfive rats were divided into control group（n =12）,H1N1 infection group（the rats were infected with influenza virus strain A/PR/8/34,n =18）,β1-adrenergic agonist groups（the rats were administrated with β1-adrenergic agonist after HIN1 infection,n =15）.AFC was estimated by the progressive increase in the albumin concentration over 30 minutes.The activity of cAMP and cGMP in the lung tissues of control,H1N1 infection and β1-adrenergic agonist groups was measured.Results The infection with H1N1 resulted in a decline in AFC 9.15±1.01% vs control group 17.25±1.01% and increased lung water content（W/D was 6.77±0.13 vs control group 4.99±0.02）.H1N1-mediated inhibition of AFC could be reversed to 14.41±1.41% by the administration of β1-adrenergic agonist denopamine.H1N1 infection increased cGMP levels 7.34±0.40 pmol·mg-1· mg-1 vs control group 5.10±1.88 pmol·mg-1·mg-1 and decreased cAMP levels 1.43±0.06 nmol·mg-1·mg-1 in lung tissues compared with control group.β1-agonist denopamine reversed the level of cAMP to 2.06±0.16 nmol·mg-1·mg-1 and cGMP to 6.16±1.36 pmol·mg-1·mg-1.Conclusion H1N1 infection decreased AFC and increased lung edema.β1-agonist denopamine could reverse AFC and the ratio of cAMP/cGMP in H1N1 infected lung tissues.β1-agonist might regulate AFC through the pathway of cAMP-PKA.

Objective To observe the effect of glutamine-enriched early enteral nutrition on intestinal mucosal barrier injury after orthotopic liver transplantation in rats.Method Male Wistar rats,the recipients were randomly divided into three groups:control group (control group,n =10),orthotopic liver transplantation group (OLT group,n =30) and glutamine-enriched early enteral nutrition group (EEN group,n =30).Only dissecting hepatoduodenal ligament was performed in control group,and OLT was performed from Wistar to Wistar rats by modified two-cuff method in OLT group and EEN group.For EEN group,recipients were supplied with Nutrison Fiber (125 ml/kg every day) plus Gln (0.3 g/kg every day) for 3 days before and 3 h after surgery by gastric perfusion.For OLT group,the same volume of normal saline was administered instead of the Nutrison in the same time.No special treatment was given in control group.The levels of plasma endotoxin,D-lactic acid,and TNF-α were determined at different time points in the three groups.The ultrastructural changes of ileal mucosa were observed under the transmission electron microscopy.At the same time,the remaining 5 rats per group were used for observing the lifetime.Result As compared with control group at 12,24 and 72 h,the levels of plasma endotoxin,D-lactic acid,and TNF-α were significantly increased in OLT group and EEN group (P＜0.01),and as compared with OLT group,the above-mentioned indexes were obviously decreased in EEN group at 24 and 72 h (P＜ 0.01).The ileal mucosal epithelial clearance in control was normal,and microvilli arranged neatly under the electron microscope.the ultrastructure damage in OLT group was more serious than in EEN group at 12,24,and 72 h.As compared with control group at 12,24,and 72 h,the expression levels of TNF-α mRNA were significantly increased in OLT group and EEN group (P＜0.01),and as compared with OLT group,the expression levels of TNF-α mRNA were obviously decreased in EEN group (P＜0.01).The survival time in cntrol group was significantly longer than in OLT group and EEN group (P＜0.05),and as compared with OLT group,the survival time in EEN group was obviously extended (P＜0.05).Conclusion OLT can lead to the damage of intestinal mucosal barrier,and glutamine-enriched early enteral nutrition is a potent protection against intestinal mucosal barrier injury and prolongs the survival time of rats after OLT.

Objective To investigate the correlation between surgical outcomes and body mass index (BMI) in patients with lumbar disc herniation. Methods 448 patients who underwent operative treatment for lumbar disc herniation were followed-up consecutively. The height and body weight of each patient was measured and recorded preoperatively. The BMI was calculated by the following formula, BMI=weight/height2 (kg/m2). The patients were asigned into three groups (normal group, BMI 28) based on the BMI. A questionnaire evaluation form was designed according to the 60 indexes put forward by North American Spine Association and the authors' clinical experiences. The post-operative signs and symptoms, living and working ability of the patients were evaluated by the questionnaire. Results Among the total 448 patients, none was lost for follow-up and all the patients were followed-up for average 2.48 (2.08-5.16) years. The improvement rate of the normal group was significantly higher than that of the obese group(P 0.05). The post-operative working ability of the patients in the normal group recovered more quickly than that of the patients in obese group (P 0.05). The remission rate, the post-operative pain and numbness between the male and the female were significantly different(P

0.05).Conclusion Semiconductor laser can induce apoptosis of MG-63 cells by mitochondrion pathway,and the process may be associated with the increasing of ROS.

Objective To investigate curative effects of endoscopic sternocleidomastoid muscle amputation for the treatment of congenital muscular torticollis.Methods A total of 23 children with congenital muscular torticollis were treated in this department.Their age was 1 month ~ 12 years old(median,30 months).A 5 mm trocar was inserted through the right axilla along the cleavage lines.Under the endoscopic visualization,the sarcolemma on the inferior portion of the muscle was bluntly dissected and a subcutaneous space was established by CO_2 inflation at the pressure of 6 mm Hg.Another two 3 mm incisions were made along the cleavage lines at lower lateral part of the neck and the anterior chest wall for the introduction of curved forceps and electric knife,respectively.The sternocleidomastoid muscle was transected with electrocautery and the external fascia within which the sternocleidomastoid muscle resides was also adequately divided. Results The operation was successfully completed under endoscope in all the 23 children.The mean operation time was 51.2 min(range,(35~)135 min) and the intraoperative blood loss was

88 patients with advanced schistosomiasis japonica complicated with hepatitis B, which was confirmed by positive HBsAg and/or HBcAg in liver with double perioxidase-anti-perioxidase (PAP) method, were analyzed clinically and pathologically. It was found that there were four pathological types in the livers of these patientss simple schistosomial liver fibrosis (SSLF, 16.3%), SSLF complicated with chronic hepatitis (18.2%), SSLF complicated with inactive cirrhosis (29.6%) and SSLF complicated with active cirrhosis(38.6%). Among the 88 patients, 43(48.9%) cases had no clinical manifestation associated with the damage of liver function and only 23(26.1%) cases had the history of acute hepatitis. The relationship between clinical manifestations and liver pathological changes was also discussed.

Objective To clone and sequence human OPRMI-EXON1, mark it by way of nonisotope-biotin-label, and prepare its probe to study the expression and function of human OPRMI-EXON1. Methods The target gene fragment was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and connected to the pGEM-T vector plasmid, then recombined and cloned in competent cell. After that, it was identified by cutting with restriction endonucleases and gene sequence. Finally, we marked it and prepared its probe by nonisotope-biotin-label technique. Results It was demonstrated that the target gene length (2.2kb) amplified by polymerase chain reaction had the same size with the reckoned size in theory and had the same sequence with that of NCBI database. The probe which was used to study the opioid receptor gene was successfully prepared. Conclusion The human OPRMI-EXON1 can be successfully cloned and the probe successfully prepared from the genome, which creates a favorable basis for further research of the morphine-related genes and the expression of their dependence.

BACKGROUND:Neural stem cels have the potential to differentiate into neurons and glial cels to replace the injured brain cels, so as to achieve the purpose of repairing nerve injury.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the neuronal differentiation ability of cel subsets with stem cel characteristics in the adult rat meningeal tissues.
METHODS:Under anesthesia, the meningeal tissues were obtained from adult Sprague-Dawley rats to make cel suspension folowed by inoculation and subculture. Then, the Nestin immunofluorescence staining was performed. The third generation cels were culturedin vitro with complete culture medium containing trichostatin A. After 7 days of induction, western blot assay was used to detect the expression of NF-200 and BM88 proteins in neural cels.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 24 hours of culture, some spherical cels were suspended and some cels adherent. In addition, some spherical cels scattered gradualy formed the clone spheres, and the growth rate decreased with the increasing volume. The positive expression of Nestin was detected by immunocytochemistry staining, and the cel nucleus was stained blue by Hoechst staining. BM88 and NF-200 proteins were al expressed at 7 days of neural induction. These findings indicate that the cel subsets with stem cel characteristics in the adult rat meningeal tissues can differentiate into neurons after in vitro induction.

Objective To evaluate the combined effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with PSD-007 and cytarabine (Ara-c) on human acute promyelocyte leukemia cell HL-60.Methods The experiments were divided into four groups:control group,PDT-only groups (PDT 1-4 groups:the combination of PSD-007 concentrations (5 μg/ml and 7.5 μg/ml) and the energy density of laser (EDL) (1.2 J/cm2 and 2.4 J/cm2),Ara-c-only groups (Ara-c A group:0.3μg/ml,Ara-c B group:1.2μg/ml) and combination groups (the pair-wise combinations of the PDT doses and Ara-c doses above).All combination groups were treated with three treating methods,including P24A (the cells were treated with PDT for 24 h,and then cocultured with Ara-c for another 24 h),A24P (treated with Ara-c for 24 h before PDT,and then cocultured with PDT for 24 h),and PA24 (treated with the Ara-c and PDT for 24 h).CCK-8 method was used to test the cell viability,and the combined effect was analyzed using King formula.The changes of cell cycles were analyzed using flow cytometry.Results In the case of low-dose PDT,the combination groups showed coordinated effect with all three methods,whereas in the case of high-dose PDT,they showed additive or coordinated effect in P24A and A24P,but it showed antagonistic effect in the schedule of PA24.Cell cycles were inhibited to G0/G1 phase by both PDT and Ara-c.Conclusions Coordinated effects could be found when HL-60 cells were treated with the combination of Ara-c and PDT.The effects depended on the dose of Ara-c and PDT and the operation schedules.The effects at low dose were more obvious than that of high dose,and allowing a 24 h period in between the addition of PDT and Ara-c also promoted the effects.