Objectives To analyse the clinical feature,drug and surgical treatment and prognosis of rheumatic diseases associat- ed corneal melting.Design Retrospective case series.Participants 14 patients (22 eyes) with rheumatic diseases associated corneal melting.Methods The clinical data of patients were analysed,including history,visual acuity,slit-lamp microscopy examination,drug and surgical treatment and follow-up results.Main Outcome Measures The clinical feature,therapeutic effects and recurrence. Results The follow-up was 6～24 months.Rheumatic diseases associated corneal melting always firstly occurred from the upper corneal limbus.The marginal lesions of cornea included melting of the stroma,resulting in corneal thinning or even perforation,with neovascu- larization.The corneal lesions in 4 eyes were within 1 quadrant,10 eyes within 2 quadrants,6 eyes within 3 quadrants,and 2 eyes in 4 quadrants.Eight eyes of 5 cases,whose corneal lesions were thinner than 2/3 of normal corneal thickness,received 1% cyclosporine A and 0.5% heparin eyedrops.Among those,the lesions in 3 eyes of 2 cases progressed worse.Fourteen eyes of 9 cases,whose corneal lesions were thicker than 2/3 of normal corneal thickness,received marginal lamellar keratoplasty.Among those,recurrent signs were noted in 10 eyes of 6 cases.Conclusions Rheumatic diseases associated corneal melting has typical clinical features.Local cy- closporine A and heparin treatment are effective for patients in early stage.A high recurrent rate is found for patients in late stage re- ceived marginal lamellar keratoplasty.

Most patients with allergic conjunctivitis in children are vernal keratoconjunctivitis.Dry eye accompanied with al- lergic conjunctivitis in children is correlated with the decline of tear film stability.However,tear film stability decline is correlated with eosinophilic activation and concomitant release of inflammatory mediators.Moreover,conjunctival epithelial,goblet cells and tear film are damaged,then dry eye occur.Main symptom of dry eye in children is twinkling frequency increasing,followed by eye itch,eye red and photophobia.When allergic conjunctivitis in children is diagnosed,dry eye should be considered at the same time.Proper manage- ment for those allergic conjunctivitis can decrease ocular surface damages.

Objective To explore the effect of ischemia-reperfusion injury on the retinal functions of rats. Methods Seventy Wistar rats were selected, 20 of which were selected randomly and divided into two groups (control group and single-irrigated group). The rats were anesthetized and their anterior chambers of the right eyes were cannulated with a 7-gauge needle connected to a reservoir containing ringers balanced salt solution, which was maintained at the same level of the eye for 1 hour. After that, ERG was recorded in both eyes of all rats. All the left rats were divided randomly into 10 groups and they were treated as the single-irrigated group. Retinal ischemia was induced by raising the reservoir to a height of 150 mm Hg. One hour later except the single ischemia group, all of the groups resumed perfusion after 3,6,12,and 24 hours and 3,5,7,14,and 21 days separately. ERG was recorded in both eyes of all rats. Results There was no difference in the results of ERG between left and right eyes in either the control group or the single-irrigated group. All the waves of ERG vanished in the single-ischemia group after 1 hour. In the ischemia-reperfusion groups, the waves of ERG partly recovered and the amplitude reduced persistently and progressively. Conclusion Ischemia-reperfusion injury may affect the function of the retina persistently and progressively.

Objective To investigate the features of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the modified ZeiM-Neelsen (MZN) positive tuberculous mengningitis (TBM).Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 170 patients with tuberculous meningitis confirmed by MZN stain from December 2012 to July 2015.The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship of MZN staining and CSF cytology.Results Among 170 patients with TBM confirmed by MZN staining,128 cases had first detectable acid-fast bacillus (AFB) in earlier stage.The cytology included 15.5％ mixed cellular cytology,58.5％ lymphoid cytology,19.5％ neutrophilic cytology and 6.5％ normal cytology.Twenty-four cases had first detectable AFB within 1-2 months following disease onset.The cytology included 13.1％ mixed cellular cytology,56.6％ lymphoid cytology,21.7％ neutrophilic cytology and 8.7％ normal cytology.Eighteen cases had first detectable AFB 2 months after disease onset.The cytology included 26.7％ mixed cellular cytology,46.7％ lymphoid cytology,20.0％ neutrophilic cytology,6.6％ normal cytology.There was no significant difference in median time of first detectable AFB among those four types of cytology (P=0.812).There was significant difference in median time of first detectable AFB between patients with and without anti-TB therapy [21.5 (12.3,37.8) days vs.8.5 (6.0,16.3)days,P＜0.001].There was no significant difference in median time MZN stain turning negative between patients with and without anti-TB therapy [11 (5.75,19.25) days vs.6(4.25,10.75)days,P=0.230].Conclusions AFB can be detectable within a month after the onset of TBM in most of cases.(MZN) positive staining is not associated with the major type of cytology.Anti-TB therapy may delay the first detectable time of AFB.

Objective The sensitivity and specificity of 18 FDG PET/CT are poor in the diagnosis of gastric cancer .Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma and Mucinous gastric carcinoma is known to have low fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) uptake,but not known for poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma .This study was to investigate the value of 18 FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of poorly differ-entiated gastric adenocarcinoma . Methods We retrospectively analyzed the results of 18 FDG PET/CT of 34 cases of histologically confirmed poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma .We recorded the volume , location , and gastric wall invasion depth , and maxi-mum standardized uptake value ( SUVmax) of the tumors and analyzed the relationship of 18 FDG uptake with the clinicopathologic pa-rameters. Results By 18 FDG-PET/CT, poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in only 67.6% of the patients (23/34).SUVmax was found to be significantly correlated with age , gastric wall invasion, and tumor size (P<0.05), but not with gender , tumor location , tumor pathologic subtype , lymph node metastasis , and distant metastasis ( P>0 .05 ) .Logistic regression a-nalysis showed the tumor size to be the sole factor influencing the 18 FDG uptake of poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma ( OR=0.37, 95%CI 0.154-0.920, P=0.03). Conclusion The di-agnostic value of 18 FDG-PET/CT is but limited for poorly differentia-ted gastric adenocarcinoma , and attention should be paid to its false-negative results .

Background The current epidemiology study had shown the prevalence of age and sex adjusted dry eye was higher in patients with diabetes than population without diabetes.Further researches demonstrated that the tear film disturbance is common after the phacoemulsification or photocoagulation in the eyes of diabetic patients.Objective The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical features of tear film instability in diabetes patients.Methods One hundred and sixty-two patients with tear-film abnormality referred to Tongren Eye Center from January 1,2010 to September 1,2010 underwent questionnaire about diabetes and other diseases,BUT,Schirmer test.Tear film instability was diagnosed as abnormality of either Schirmer test or BUT and showed as M ( Q25,Q75 ).The right eyes of 162 dry eye patients meeting with the including criteria were enrolled.The patients were assigned to two groups according to with ( 80 patients) or without ( 82 patients) diabetes mellitum.DEQ questionnaire were scored.The percentage of cases with meibomain gland abnormal score ＞ 1 was calculated.Mann-Whitney U analysis and Chisquare analysis were used to compare the difference between the two groups.Results The Schirmer test in diabetic group was 8 ( qualities:5,9 )mm and was longer than 6 ( qualities:5,7 ) mm in non-diabetic patients ( U =2452,P =0.00).The result of BUT test was 3 ( qualities:2,4 ) seconds in diabetic patients and was shorter than 4 (qualities:3,5) seconds in non-diabetic patients( U=2104,P＜0.01 ).The DEQ score of diabetic patients was 15 ( qualities:1 0,19,which was less than21 ( qualities:19,23.25 ) in non-diabetic patients.51.2 ％ ( 41/80 ) diabetic participants and 32.9％ (27/82) nondiabetic participants appeared meibography ( grade larger than 1 ) (x2 =16.07,P=0.00).The percentages of dry eyes were 51.2％ (41/80) and 93.9％ (77/82) respectively in diabetes and nondiabetes groups(x2 =37.24,P＜0.01 ).No significant correlation was found between the diabetes course and DEQ score or meibography( r =0.16,P =0.16 ; r =0.10,P =0.36 ).Conclusions Diabetes patients with tear film instability have longer Schirmer test results,shorter BUT,more severe meibomain glands damage and lower DEQ scores.The dry eye symptom is lack in the diabetic patients though appearing the tear film and meibomain glands damage.Therefore,more attention should be given to ocular surface health in diabetes patients.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of multiple tumor marker protein chip in diagno-sis and detection of postoperative recurrence of breast cancer.Methods The serum levels of 12 tumor makers (CA199,NSE,CEA, CA2A2,Ferritin,β-HCG,AFP,f-PSA,PSA,CA125,CA153 and HGH)were measured in 70 preoperative breast cancer patients, 32 recurrence patients,52 non-recurrence patients and 76 normal con-trois.Results ①The breast cancer group had significantly higher positive rate than that of the controls (P<0.05).The positive rates and serum levels of CA199,CEA,CA242,Ferritin,CAI25 and CA153 in breast cancer patients had those of control significant differences compared with groups (P<0.05).②The recurrence group had significantly higher positive rate than that of non-recurrence group (P<0.05).The positive rates and se-rum levels of CA199, CEA, Ferritin, CA125 and CA153 in the recurrence patients had significant differences compared with those of non-recurrence patients(P<0.05).③The positive rate of recurrence group had signif-icant difference compared with that of breast cancer group(P<0.05).Moreover,The positive rate and serum level of Ferritin in the recurrence patients had significant difference compared with that of breast cancer pa-tients.Conclusion The multiple tumor marker protein chip detective system has valid value of clinical appli-cation in the diagnosis and detection of postoperative recurrence of breast cancer.The combination detection of CA199, CEA, Ferritin ,CA125 and CA153 may be the economical and effective in the diagnosis and detection of postoperative recurrence of breast cancer.

OBJECTIVETo analyze caries activity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients before and after radiation therapy. The study was also designed to analyze calcium and phosphorus concentrations in saliva of NPC patients before and after radiotherapy.

METHODSTwenty-eight NPC patients and 20 healthy controls were included in this study. Resazurin disc method was used to detect caries activity of NPC patients before and after 70 Gy radiotherapy. The atomic absorption spectrometry and molybdenum-stibium antispetrophotography method were used to analyze calcium and phosphorus concentrations in saliva of NPC patients before and after 70 Gy radiotherapy and the healthy controls.

RESULTSThe results of resazurin disc method showed caries activity of NPC patients was increased after radiotherapy (P < 0.01). Calcium concentration in saliva of NPC patients before radiotherapy was (63.19 +/- 3.27) mg x L(-1), phosphorus concentration was (132.96 +/- 5.13) mg x L(-1). After 70 Gy radiotherapy, calcium concentration was (33.38 +/- 0.32) mg x L(-1), phosphorus concentration was (49.18 +/- 2.66) mg x L(-1). The difference of calcium and phosphorus concentrations in saliva before and after radiotherapy was significant (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCaries activities of NPC patients increase after radiotherapy. Calcium and phosphorus concentrations in saliva decrease after radiation therapy.

Calcium ; Carcinoma ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; Phosphorus ; Saliva

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Astragalus injection (AI) combined with chemotherapy on quality of life (QOF) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung caner (NSCLC).

METHODSSixty-NSCLC patients were randomly divided into the treated group (n = 30, treated with AI combined with chemotherapy) and the control group (n = 30, treated with chemotherapy alone). Chemotherapy of MVP protocol was applied to both groups. AI was supplemented to the treated group by intravenous dripping 60 ml per day. Treatment of 21-28 days as one treatment cycle, and 2-3 treatment cycles were applied.

RESULTSThe effective rate in the treated group was 40.0% and in the control group was 36.7%, the mean remission rate in the treated and control group was 5.4 months and 3.3 months, the median survival period 11 months and 7 months, and the 1-year survival rate 46.75% and 30.0%, respectively, the differences of these indexes between the two groups were all significant (P < 0.05). Moreover, the clinical improving rate and QOF elevation rate in the treated group was 80.4% and 43.3%, as compared with those in the control group (50.0% and 23.3% respectively), the difference was also significant (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAI combined with chemotherapy can significantly improve the QOF in NSCLC patients of advanced stage.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Astragalus membranaceus ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; drug therapy ; Cisplatin ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitomycins ; therapeutic use ; Phytotherapy ; Quality of Life ; Vinblastine ; therapeutic use

Objective To analyze nucleophosmin (NPM1) gene mutations in exon 12 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and evaluate the clinical appliance of three methods which are frequently used for detecting gene mutation. Methods Genomic DNA from bone marrow of 54 AML patients was detected by PCR for NPM1 exon 12 and screened by PCR-capillary electrophoresis, denature high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and direct sequencing separately. FLT3-ITD (FMS-like tyrosine kinease internal tandem duplication) was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis and PCR-capillary electrophoresis. Results Seven AML sample harbored NPM1 gene mutations. Five of them were the most common mutation, known as type A (an insertion of a TCTG tetranucleotide at position 960 bp). One of them was type D (an insertion of a CCTG tetranuclectide at position 960 bp). The new variant was a deletion of a TGGCAGTG sequence at 958 bp and insertion of a GCCCGCGGTTTA sequence instead. The detection ratio of the three methods was all 100% and capillary electrophoresis was more rapid, reliable and easier than the other two methods. Moreover it could detect FLT3-ITD simultaneously. The resolving power of DHPLC was affected by many factors. The direct sequencing method was tedious and the heterozygous sequence might be misread. Conclusions There is a new mutation at position 958 bp with a 12-nucleotide insertion and substitution. PCR-capillary electrophoresis is convenient to screen NPM1 mutations of AML in clinical practice.