Objective To study the protective effects of anisodamine (ADM) on ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) in rats. Methods After anesthesia was induced and tracheostomy was performed, 36 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three groups: control group (group A, VT=8ml/kg); injury group (group B), in which the animals received mechanical ventilation with large tidal volume (VT=40ml/kg); and ADM protective group (group C), in which the animals received the same amount of tidal volume and same respiratory rate with mechanical ventilation as in group B, but were pre-treated with ADM (15mg/kg?iV) at 24h, 12h, 0h time points before ventilation. Arterial blood gases were measured every one hour, and neutrophils in bronchoalveolor lavage fluid (BALF) were counted. Wet to dry (W/D) weight ratio of left lung was determined, and the content of TNF-? and IL-1? in BALF and blood, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in the pulmonary tissue and blood were measured respectively. The histopathological changes in pulmonary tissues in the three groups were compared. Results The oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) of the animals in group B was significantly lower than that in group A and C, and the BALF neutrophil count was remarkably increased in group B. W/D value of group B was significantly higher than that of group A and C. The levels of TNF-?, IL-1? in BALF were remarkably increased in group B , but decreased in group C . MDA levels in pulmonary tissue and blood in group C were lower than that of group B, but SOD level in group C was significantly higher than that of group B. Histopathologic findings demonstrated there were more neutrophil infiltration and destructive change in the alveolar wall in group B than in other groups. Conclusion ADM appears to have obvious protective effects on VILI through anti-inflammation and antioxidation.

Animals ; Caudate Nucleus ; drug effects ; physiology ; Dopamine Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Substantia Nigra ; drug effects ; physiology

Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Male ; Urinary Tract Infections ; etiology ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux ; complications ; epidemiology

Ethmoid Bone ; injuries ; Facial Bones ; injuries ; Humans ; Nasal Bone ; injuries ; Orbital Fractures ; surgery ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Skull Fractures ; surgery

Objective To observe the effect of Zhuyun Capsule(Pregnant-promoting Capsule)on serum sex hormone and expres- sion of ovarian cytokine of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)rats.Methods Progestogen plus human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG)was adopted to make PCOS rat models.Totally 40 SD rats were randomized into control group,PCOS model group,Zhuyun Capsule group,and clomiphene citrate group with 10 in each.Radioimmune assay(RIA)was used to measure the sex hormone and immunohistochemical test was done to measure the expression of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?)of ovarian tissue,insulin-like growth factors-1(IGF-1),and leukemia inhibitory factor(LIF)to analyze the relations among these factors.Results Zhuyun Capsule could reduce greatly serum testosterone(T)and luteinizing hormone(LH),decrease expression of TNF-?and IGF-1,but increase expres- sion of LIF.Conclusion Zhuyun Capsule could regulate endocrine function and expression of ovarian cytokine to improve gonad func- tions of PCOS rats and to promote the maturation of follicle and ovulation.

Heart ; physiology ; Humans ; Stress, Physiological

Animals ; Aorta ; metabolism ; Hyperlipidemias ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Physical Endurance

Objective:To observe the e ect of Gongqing grain on the expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 in the human's villi and decidua in early pregnancy teminated by drug,discuss the mechanism of Gongqing grain protecting and treating hemorrhage after drug-induced abortion.Methods:180 patients were divided into three groups randomly:Gongqing grain group,Qianzhi capsule group and drug abortion group,and arti cial abortion group(n=60)was set.The immunohistochemical method was used to observe the expressions of Caspase-3、8 in the villi and deciduas.Results:The level of Caspase-3、8 in the villi and deciduas decreased more signi cantly in Gongqing grain group than the other three groups(P

Aim To observe the effects of cytokine signaling inhibition protein-3(SOCS3) on the liver fibrosis progression and reverse.Methods C57BL/6 mouse model was established by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride(CCl4).After a successful model of fibrosis, one-month normal diet was given to induce the reverse fibrosis model, while normal mice of the same gender and weight were as control group.Mice were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 weeks, respectively, then the liver tissue was harvested for the observation of its injury by hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining.Then Masson staining was applied for the detection of changes in collagen, and the immunohistochemistry(IHC) for the observation of type Ⅰ Collagen(Colla-1), alpha smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1) and SOCS3 protein expression.In vitro formation of fibrosis was induced by TGF-β1 stimulating HSC-T6 cell lines, which was then reversed by MDI medium, with co-incubation of HSC-T6 cells with plasmid in the process of the reverse.Western blot was employed to detect SOCS3, Colla-1, α-SMA, TGF-β1 expression.Results The expression of SOCS3 and TGF-β1 increased in mouse model of fibrosis with the worsening fibrosis process and decreased in the reverse process.Over-expression SOCS3 in the reverse process reduced the development of liver fibrosis;meanwhile, the expression of TGF-β1 was also reduced accordingly.Conclusion SOCS3 may influence the development of the liver fibrosis and its reverse via regulating the expression of TGF-β1.

AIM To investigate the pharmacokinetic behaviors of total flavonoids from Epimedii Folium in osteoporotic rats in vivo.METHODS Twelve rats were divided into model group and sham group,after which the osteoporotic rat model was established by removing bilateral ovaries.After intragastric administration with total flavonoids (500 mg/kg),HPLC-DAD was applied to detecting the plasma concentrations of total flavonoids' prototype glycosides (epimedin A,epimedin B,epimedin C,icariin) and their metabolites (sagittatoside A,sagittatoside B,2-O-rhamnosylicariside Ⅱ,baohuoside Ⅰ,icaritin) at thirteen time points (0.083,0.25,0.5,0.75,1,2,3,4,6,8,12,24 and 48 h),then the plasma concentration-time curves were drawn,followed by the calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters.RESULTS Doubled peaks were observed in the plasma concentration-time curves of total flavonoids' prototype glycosides and their metabolites in both groups.Compared with the sham group,the integrated AUC and Cmax in the model group were significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.01),as well as the prolonged t1/2 (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION The in vivo absorption and metabolism of total flavonoids from Epimedii Folium are much slower in the state of osteoporosis,thus affects the efficacy.