Objective To investigate the state of self-perceived burden (SPB) and depression and to explore the relationship between them for patients with chronic respiratory diseases.Methods 95 patients with chronic respiratory diseases were investigated by the Self-Perceived Burden Scale (SPBS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS).Results The average score of SPBS was (33.64±10.23) points,which was at the middle level,90.5％ of patients showed different levels of burden,and 34.7％ of patients were at the high level.The average score of SDS was (50.23±11.93),the index was 0.63,which was at the middle to high level,74.7％ of patients showed different levels of depression,and 33.7％ of patients were at the high level.There was a positive conrelation between SPB and depression.Conclusions Patients with chronic respiratory diseases had obvious SPB and depression,and there was a close relationship between them.With chronic respiratory diseases breaking out repeatedly and more severe year by year,most patients have high level of burden and negative emotions.Nurses should take proper measures and psychological interventions to help patients face to the diseases optimistically,and to improve patients' emotion state and enhance their physical and mental health.

The paper discusses whether to maintain nonhealthy foetus,the bearing control of patients with hereditary diseases,the aim to apply the technique to distinguish foetus' sex and personal morals and social ethical problems for health staff to do that,points out that the technique can be applied only to check hereditary diseases as to be benefit to bearing good child and arising people's quality ,and the techique should be controlled properly as not to serve for feudal ethic.

Alzheimer Disease ; pathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Rhodiola

With the wide application of Chinese herbal medicine, herb-drug interaction (HDI) has become increasingly prominent. Metabolic enzymes and transporters are the main targets of HDI, because the changes in expression and function of enzymes and transporters can influence the disposition of drugs. Metabolic enzymes are responsible for the metabolic clearance of drugs, including cytochrome P450 (CYP), UDP-glucuronyl transferase (UGT) and sulfotransferases (SULT); transporters widely expressed in the intestine, kidney, liver and brain are involved in the oral absorption, distribution and excretion of drugs. Pueraria, ginkgo, ginseng, St. John's wort and other Chinese herbal medicine often induce a HDI because those herbal medicines combined with chemical medicine are widely used in clinic. The components of herb medicines mentioned above are prone to interact with enzymes and transporters, which often induce a HDI. This paper reviews the advances in the study of enzymes and transporters-mediated pharmacokinetic mechanism of HDI.

Ovarian cancer is highly lethal despite multiple therapies, and new therapies are therefore needed.Retinoids are potential anticancer drugs that can promote apoptosis,inhibit growth and induce differentiation in cancer cells,and all these functions are regulated by the expression of retinoid receptors.Herein the recent researches on the expression of retinoid receptors in ovarian cancer are reviewed.

Objective To investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome and colorectal cancer. And to further prevent the risks of colorectal cancer and provide methods and evidences.Methods A literature search was performed through CNKI,Wanfang,PubMed,Ovidsp,Cochrane data within the time limit of November 2005 to November 2015.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the studies were screened and the data were extracted.Then,meta -analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3.5.Results A total of 14 studies(6 case-control studies and 8 cohort studies)met the inclusion criteria.Meta analysis showed that with metabolic syndrome had a higher risk of colorectal cancer incidence compared with the control group without metabolic syndrome(OR =1.18,95%CI:1.33cv1.22,P <0.05).Stratified analysis showed that metabolic syndrome increased the risk of color-ectal cancer between men and women population.The combined effect of the OR respectively (OR =1.12,95%Cl:1.09 -1.14,P <0.05;OR =1.13,95%Cl:1.05 -1.22,P <0.05),the differences were statistically significant. Meta analysis showed that metabolic syndrome was not associated with an increased risk of colon cancer mortality (OR =1.05,95%CI:0.92 -1.19,P =0.46).Conclusion This meta analysis indicate a positive association between meta-bolic syndrome and colorectol cancer incidence,and the association has no gender differences.The metabolic syndrome does not increase the risk of colon cancer death.More prospective cohort study needed to further confirm it.

Objective To evaluate the chemoprevention and therapy of tea polyphenol of colorectal cancer in colon cancer rats and cells.Methods Such database as CBM,CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,PubMed, Medline,EMBase,Cochrane Library were searched for collecting the papers including using tea polyphenol as a therapy and chemoprevention of colorectal cancer in colorectal cancer rats and colorectal cells,from their estab-lishment to June 1 ,201 4,and the references of those related papers were also searched by hand.After studying selection,assessment and data extraction were conducted by two reviewers.RevMan5.2 software was used for Meta-analyze.Results Seventeen studies were included.Three hundred and five rats and 5 colorectal cell lines were used to the research,they were divided into the study group (received the tea treatment)and the control group (not received the tea treatment).The results of meta-analyses showed that:① Aberrant crypt foci (ACF):standardized mean difference SMD =-3.69 (95%CI 为 -5.85 ~-1 .54,Z =3.40,P =0.000 8),which indicated that tea polyphenol could reduce the number of ACF.② The average number of tumors per rat:SMD =-0.83 (95%CI:-1 .1 4 ~-0.51 ,Z =5.1 8,P =0.000 01 ),which indicated that tea polyphenol could reduce the average number of tumors per rat.③ Cell cycle G1 phase:SMD =1 .85(95%CI:0.03 ~3.66,Z =1 .99,P =0.05 ),which indicated that tea polyphenol could increase the cell in G1 phase.④ Cell cycle S phase:SMD =-2.64(95%CI:-4.38 ~-0.90,Z =2.98,P =0.003),which in-dicated that tea polyphenol could decrease colon cancer cell in S phase.Conclusion Tea polyphenol has a positive effect on colon cancer cell and colon cancer rats.

Tick-borne encephalitis ( TBE) is a well-known central nervous system ( CNS) infection in children. The disease in children is generally milder,although severe illness may occur and even lead to perma-nent impairment of the quality of life due to neuropsychological sequelae. We review the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of tick-borne encephalitis,and summarise biological and virological aspects that are impor-tant for understanding the life-cycle and transmission of the virus. Tick-borne encephalitis virus is a flavivirus that is transmitted by ixodes persulcatus. Tick-borne encephalitis causes acute meningoencephalitis. The serologi-cal diagnosis is usually straightforward. No specific treatment for the disease exists,and immunisation is the main preventive measure.

Objective Chronic pain has brought great suffering to patients,as well as a heavy burden to the society.More attention has been paid on the efficiency of psychological intervention as supplementary means.Among the treatments,acceptance strategy shows its superiority and gradually enters people's field of vision.However,researches in this area are still very scarce.This study intends to review relevant research to provide reference to clinical work and research.Methods Theacceptance andchronic pain as the keywords were searched from the American Psychological Association (APA),China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Wanfang data from 1994 to 2014 in English and Chinese articles,and the articles were chosen according to the criteria:① chronic pain and its current situation;②acceptance strategy or acceptance-based therapy;③intervention to chronic pain based on acceptance strategy;④to explore the intervention mechanism of aueptance strategy.Results Eventually,7 Chinese articles and 42 English articles were adopted.Conclusion Acceptance strategy shows some advantages in clinical pain improvement:it can significantly improve the psychological and social function of patients,but it is not always efficient in reducing the pain intensity.There are still some limitations in the present study.It is necessary to develop an acceptance-based therapy with Chinese culture to treat the domestic patients.

Objective To investigate the role of tracheotomy in children with severe hand foot and mouth disease.Methods Eight children with severe hand foot and mouth disease collected from July 2009 to August 2011 in PICU were retrospectively reviewed.Clinical manifestation and laboratory data were analyzed and followed up.Results Eight patients were enterovirus 71 (EV71) positive.Hormones,intravenous immune globulin,mechanical ventilation and vasodilators had been administered in patients with cardiopulmonary failure.They had severe neurologic sequelae,requiring prolonged intubation.MRI imaging of 7 cases showed abnormal brainstem,pons and medulla oblongata,1 case showed swelling of brain tissue.A total of 8 patients underwent a tracheotomy in mean (25.63 ± 8.86) d.The older was 22 months,the younger was 8 months and the mean age was (13.13 ±4.22) months.Four cases died,the other survived.Two cases were successfully decannulation,the other two were still in the tracheotomy.Conclusion Tracheostomy play an active role in reducing airway resistance,clearing airway secretions,providing the opportunity for subsequent rehabilitation.Eight patients were followed up for three years,neurological sequelae could not be restored.Four cases repeatedly suffer from pneumonia,atelectasis,leading to a serious decline in quality of life.