Objective To explore and classify the subjective opinions of nurses on whistle- blowing, and identify the subjective characteristics of each type. Methods This study applied Q -methodology, protocols which could determinate subjective opinions of nurses on histle-blowing were set up and underwent interview investigation, data of the interviews went through Q-factor analysis. Results Most nurses had a positive attitude toward whistle - blowing because it could prevent any nursing activity not based on expertise and professional ethics from causing disadvantages for patients. At the same time, however, they requested the creation of a legal framework in which whistle-blowing was done in a way to increase trust among colleagues. Meanwhile, some nurses showed resistance to whistle - blowing. Conclusions Whether whistle - blowing can reach its aims depends on nurses' attitude toward it. Most Korean nurses support whistle-blowing. Nursing activity not based on expertise and professional ethics and causing disadvantages for patients can be avoided if a legal framework is established for whistle-blowing.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the use of allopurinol for the reduction of serum uric acid level in patients with chronic kidney disease complicating hyperuricacidemia so as to delay the progression of chronic renal disease.METHODS:A total of 47 patients with chronic kidney disease complicating hyperuricacidemia were randomly divided into treatment group and control group:the treatment group was given allopurinol 100～200mg?d-1 in addition to the antihypertensive therapy as adopted in the control group or the common therapy for 12 months.RESULTS:As compared with the control group,serum creatinine level was lower and the rate of renal function deterioration was significantly decreased in the treatment group(P

Objective To compare the effect of methotrexate combined with laparoscopic surgery on pregnancy outcome of patients with tubal pregnancy treated with conservative treatment.Methods 96 patients who were diagnosed of tubal pregnancy,fertility requirements and no clinical data given birth were analyzed retrospectively.Depending on the method of treatment was divided into 46 cases of methotrexate and laparoscopic group of 50 patients.Postoperative intrauterine pregnancy,ectopic pregnancy and secondary infertility situation again were compared.Results Laparoscopic group in intrauterine pregnancy rate was 70.0％,which was significantly higher than that in the methotrexate group(47.8％),and the difference was statistically significant(x2 =13.229,P ＜ 0.05) ;laparoscopic ectopic pregnancy rate was 14.0％ against 17.4％ with methotrexate group,the difference was not statistically significant(x2 =2.037,P ＞ 0.05) ; methotrexate group was 34.8％ of secondary infertility was significantly higher than thatin the laparoscopic group (16.0％),the difference was statistically significant (x2 =12.784,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery after conservative treatment of tubal repregnancy outcome is better than methotrexate.

Objective:To explore the effect of Fitness Qigong(Yi Jinjing)exercise on blood lipid and free radical metabolism of the elder women.Methods:The subjects of this experiment were 64 elder women who were divided into 2 groups randomly:exercise group(34 cases)and control group(30 cases).The exercise group practiced 40-50min pre time,six times pre week for six months,and the control group had no exercise with collective or individual scheme.The indexes of TC,TG,HDL,LDL,SOD,GSH-Px and MDA of the elder women were measured before and after 6-month exercise.Results:After six months Yi Jinjing exercise,the exercise group showed increase in HDL(P0.05),increase in SOD and GSH-Px(P0.05).Conclusion:Fitness Qigong(Yi Jinjing)exercise had the positive effects on blood lipid metabolism,and can suppress lipid peroxidation and maintain high antioxidative capacity of elder female individuals.

This paper aims to discuss how to reasonably make use of the procurement resources,measurement resources,maintenance resources,management resources,financial resources,environment resources and other auxiliary resources.The integration of medical equipment and various resources can raise medical equipment index and improve hospital efficiency and benefit.

The method and developing progress on 3D reconstruction technology based on medical image are introduced.Because 3D reconstruction technology is applied in observing bone tissue,cavum viscera and nerve tissue in clinic medicine,clear and vivid images in three dimensions can be reconstructed for clinical diagnosis.The 3D reconstruction technology based on medicine image has great application value in the course of diagnosis and therapy.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2008,29(2):34-36]

By comparing the current methods of public bidding,a new method for inviting public bidding is introduced including its basic process,organization methods and concrete implementation steps.What's more,a series of related things are discussed in detail such as the name lists of invitees,the requirement and technical parameters in inviting public bidding,time and place,specialists in judge group,confirmation of successful bidder,publicizing advice note for successful bidder,etc.The main purpose is to save the medical cost in hospital and make full use of the existing resources.It is proved to be feasible in practice.

Several common methods of remittance for foreign trade are introduced in the course of purchasing imported medical equipment.The advantages and disadvantages of every remittance method are also elaborated.The best method should be chosen by hospitals according to the actual situations so as to lower or avoid unnecessary risks and raise economic benefits.

Objective The proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone(SVZ) and subgranular zone(SGZ) have been observed in normal old rats or treated by middle cerebral artery occluded(MCAO) and sham operation respectively. Methods Old rats were used to make models of middle cerebral artery occluded(MCAO).By BrdU pulse labeling and immunohistochemical single staining,the change of the number of BrdU positive cells was observed in SVZ and SGZ of normal rats or cerebral ischemia rats after MCAO 3d,7d,14d,21d,28d and sham operation respectively.By BrdU accumulating label and immunohistochemical double staining,BrdU/NeuN and BrdU/GFAP positive cells were determined in SVZ and SGZ of aged rats after MCAO 14d. Results BrdU positive cells were found in bilateral SVZ and SGZ of all groups above mentioned.Compared with normal and sham groups,BrdU positive cells of SVZ and SGZ in cerebral ischemia rats were strikingly increased.BrdU positive cells reached the peaks in SVZ at 7d and in SGZ at 14d after MCAO.At 14d after MCAO,BrdU/NeuN(0.98%) or BrdU/GFAP(12.56%) double labled cells were observed in SVZ,but no double labled cell was observed in SGZ.Conclusion The focal cerebral ischemia markedly stimulated proliferation of neural stem cells in SVZ and SGZ in old rats,and some proliferative cells in SVZ can differentiate into neurons or glial cells.

Objective To investigate the level of serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and its relationship with vascular calcification in diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients .Methods COMP was tested in 54 (DN) group and 28 matched healthy persons (healthy group) .DN group was divided into vascular calcification group (VC) and non‐vascular calcification (non VC) group .DN group was also divided into cardiovascular disease group (CVD‐y) and without cardiovascular disease group (CVD‐n) in view of the company of cardiovascular disease .Serum COMP levels was compared between the DN group and the control group ,the VS group and the non VS group ,and the CVD‐y group and the CVD‐n group .The correlations between COMP level and the occur‐rence of cardiovascular disease ,the incidence of vascular calcification were estimated by Wald analysis of the application of Wald test .Results Serum COMP in DN group was significantly higher than the control group;Aortic arch calcification accounted for 75 .9% of the DN group .The serum COMP in VC group was higher than that of non VC group ,CVD‐y group had higher COMP than CVD‐n group old respectively with every 10 ng/mL increased in concentration of serum COMP .Conclusion The higher of concentration of serum COM P ,the more risk of vascular calcification and CVD .