Objective To explore the fatigue in patients with rheumatic diseases and put forward nursing countermeasures.Methods 173 patients with rheumatic diseases were investigated by Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS).Results The score of physical fatigue,mental fatigue and total score in the patients were 5.03±2.19,2.62±1.56,7.65±3.03,respectively,which were higher than those in healthy people (P＜ 0.01).Of the 173 patients,74 (42.8％) patients suffered from physical fatigue,52 (30.1％) patients suffered from mental fatigue,32 (18.5％) patients suffered from both.There were statistical differences in the physical fatigue and total score (P ＜ 0.01),no statistical difference in the mental fatigue (P ＞ 0.05) among the groups,which were divided according to the course of disease.There were statistical differences in the physical fatigue,mental fatigue and total score among the groups,which were divided according to the depression index (F=5.28,5.98,8.58,P ＜ 0.01).The regression analysis further showed the course of disease and depression index could positively predict the fatigue in patients with rheumatic diseases.Conclusions The prevalence of fatigue was high in patients with rheumatic diseases,the course of disease and depression influenced the fatigue in patients.Controlling deterioration of disease and relieving psychological stress would help prevent and alleviate the fatigue in patients with rheumatic diseases.

To evaluate percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) with continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions in intensive care unit (ICU) elder patients.A total of 32 elder patients were selected randomly for PDT and 36 controls for traditional surgical tracheostomy (TST).The PDT group required regular mechanical ventilation with continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions.The operative duration was significantly shorter in PDT group than that in TST group [ ( 10.6 ±3.4)vs.(30.9 ±7.1)min,P ＜0.01].Incision length was significantly less in PDT group than that in TST group [ ( 1.3 ± 0.2 ) vs.(3.2 ± 0.3 )cm,P ＜0.01].Blood loss volume was significantly less in PDT group than that in TST group [ ( 10.4 ±3.8 ) vs.(40.7 ± 11.7 ) ml,P ＜ 0.01].The incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) was significantly lower in PDT group than that in TST group ( 15.6％ vs.38.9％,P ＜ 0.05 ).With multiple advantages of mini-invasiveness,safety,simplicity,convenience and easier installation,PDT is quite suitable for elder patients in ICU.

Erythrocytes were frozen with DMSO of different concentrations (not over 20%) as a cryoprotec-tive agent in freezers of different temperatures.The rate of temperature drop was not controlled. Of the erythrocytes actually frozen, the average recovery rate after thawing was 91.3 per cent (range 87.5~ 95%). The average survival rate of erythrocytes stored at -20℃, -30℃, or -80℃ for up to eight months was 90.9 per cent (range 88.2~ 94.5). As compared with glycerol, which is in common use internationally, DMSO seems to be a better cryoprotective agent.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and its receptors may be the pivotal stimulants in the process of growth and metastasis of a neoplasm. They boost the genesis of the blood vessels of brain glioma. Their expression is correlated with the grading of glioma. They are ideal targets in the treatment of inhibiting the growth of the blood vessels of brain glioma.

Objective To inspect the rate of success of anastomosis and tissue damage with different power levels of photocoagulation in the treatment of experimental branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) by laser induced chorioretinal venous anastomosis. Methods Forty pigmented rabbits (80 eyes) were divided into four groups in random, and 10 (20 eyes) in each. Chroioretinal venous anastomosis was attempted to create using the krypton red laser with 4 different power levels (group A: 400 mW,group B: 600 mW,group C: 800 mW,group D: 1000 mW) in these animals in which BRVO had previously been created photodynamically. Fundus photography and fundus fluorescein angiography were performed at various times after the treatment and histological examination was taken at the end of the study. Results The model of BRVO was successfully set up. At the lowest power of 400 mW there was an absence of anastomosis formation and the damage to the retina and choroid was mild, Bruch′s membrane showed no evidence of rupture. At the power levels of 600 mW and 800 mW an anastomosis formed in 15% and 55% respectively and the damage was medium in degree. At the highest power level of 1 000 mW a 80% rate of success was obtained, however, the damage to the retina and choroid tended to be severe. The difference of the rate of success of anastomosis between different groups was highly significant ( P =0 001), the difference between group B and group C was also highly significant ( P BC =0.008), and the difference between group A and group B, group C and group D was not significant ( P AB =0 072、 P CD =0 091). Conclusion The optimal power level of krypton red laser induced chorioretinal venous anastomosis is 800 mW, 0.1 s, 50 ?m in our study.

Objective To compare the differences between three kinds of reconstruction methods of the multi-planar spiral CT in diagnosing fractures of skull base , in order to appraise fractures of skull base in forensic medical examinations. Method 40 cases with suspicious basio-cranial fractures after cranio-cerebral trauma were examined by multi-planar spiral CT scanning. The data were imported into workstation for ax-ial scanning, multi-planar reconstruction (MPR) and 3D-reconstruction (using SSD). Results In 24 cases with anterior fossa fractures, 9 cases were found by axial scanning, 24 cases by MPR, 9 by SSD. The comparison between these groups showed significant statistical difference (P

[Objective]Summary of the experience of Professor LIU Wenqiong in the treatment of leukoplakia vulvae of the aged.[Method]By using the method of the collection and collation of Professor LIU Wenqiong in the treatment of elderly patients with leukoplakia vulvae case,and combination with the related discussion of ancient.This paper summarizes the experience of Professor Liu in the treatment of leukoplakia vulvae of the aged from the etiology and pathogenesis,treatment based on syndrome differentiation,prescriptions and so on,and for proven cases.[Results]Professor LIU Wenqiong thinks that the root of the disease is mainly characterized by the dysfunction of Zang Fu organs and deficiency of qi and blood,the brounch of the disease is characterized by endogenous wind disturbance.Organs are mainly related to liver and kidney.The type of syndrome is yin deficiency of liver and kidney and blood deficiency and wind dryness.The treatment is mainly nourishing liver kidney yin,followed by eliminating wind and relieving itching,and combinating with traditional Chinese external washing medicine for local administration.It lists a successful case,and reflects that Professor LIU Wenqiong has great skill to make prescription accuratedly.Effect is significant.[Conclusion] The clinical experience of Professor LIU Wenqiong in treatment of leukoplakia vulvae is effective,and she provides ideas and methods for the treatment of this discase,which has the value of popularization and application in clinical practice.

Aim To explore the effects of shuang shen tong guan(SSTG) drug serum on calcium and NOS-NO system in cardiomyocytes injured by hypoxia and reoxgyenization.Methods The cardiomyocytes were deprived of oxygen and glucose to mimic hypoxia reoxygenation injury.Intracellular calcium concentration was determined by Fluorospectrophotometry.NOS activity and NO contents were detected using colorimetric method.Results Intracellular calcium concentration,NOS activity and NO content were increased after hypoxia and reoxygenation injury.SSTG drug serum inhibted the upwards of intracellular calcium concentration,activity of total NOS,indusive NOS and NO content due to hypoxia/reoxygenation injury significantly(P

Objective To observe changes on those parameters on pletelet and hemoglobin of urinaemia patients by treatments of dialysis.Methods candidators are divided into three groups respectively-a control group,two case groups.The two case groups are consist of patients who are treated through dialysis on not.In the three groups,the parameters on pletelet,hemoglobin,MPV and PDW are measured on hemocytometer in our laboratory. Results Dramatic difference is made in the parameters on PLT,Hb,MPV and PDW between the formers of dialysis and the control group.(P

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of intravenous ibandronale in treating glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Methods One hundred and fifty-three glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis patients were randomly divided into three groups: (1)control group (C group, 49 patients). (2) ibandronate group (1 group, 52 patients): Patients received intraveous injection of ibandronate (2 mg)once three mouths. (3)alfacaleidol group (R group, 52 patients): 0.25 ?g Rocaltrol once a day for six months. Each patient of the three groups received a daily 600 mg calcium supplement for six months. The efficacy was assessed by determining the subsequent change in bone mass density (BMD) of lumbar spine and femoral neck, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), serum calcium, serum phosphorus, serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP). Results (1) At the end of the trial, there was a significant increase of BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck in I group and R group compared with the C group (P