As an important component of functional magnetic resonance imaging,diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) can provide qualitative and quantitative information for tumor evaluation and distinguish esophageal lesions and mediastinal lymph node metastasis.DWI-computed tomography fusion images facilitate the delineation of target volume.During radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma,monitoring the changes in apparent diffusion coefficient value helps to predict the early treatment outcomes and prognosis;DWI compensates for the shortcomings of radiography alone in the evaluation of short-term treatment outcomes.This paper reviews the application of DWI in the diagnosis,delineation of target volume,assessment of treatment outcomes,and prognostic prediction in radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma.

The rapid development of MOOC is both an opportunity and a challenge for the higher education in our country .The information literacy of college and university teachers plays an important role in the success implemen-tation of MOOC.The development and characteristics of MOOC were described, the problems existed in information literacy of college and university teachers under MOOC environment were analyzed with strategies put forward for improving the information literacy of college and university teachers from the aspects of ideological concept , training methods, assessment criteria, and information environment .

Triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM-2) is a newly discovered immunoglobulin receptor, which plays an important role in inflammation and immunoreaction. Several recent studies have shown that TREM-2 is aberrantly expressed in various types of cancers such as lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, renal carcinoma and glioma, and it is widely participated in regulating malignant tumor initiation, progression, invasion and metastasis through different signal pathways. TREM-2 is expected to provide evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.

Insulins maintain blood glucose homeostasis in the body by stimulating glucose uptake into muscle and adipose tissues through glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4)translocation. Recent studies have showed that Rab proteins,as a key regulatory factor for the translocation of GLUT4 to the cell membrane,participate in the formation,translocation and fusion of GLUT4 vesicles. This paper describes several types Rab proteins and the Rab GTPase activating protein,protein kinase B substrate of 160 kU(AS160)in terms of regulatory mechanisms for GLUT4 translocation. Studies on the translocation mechanism by which GLUT4 is regulated by Rabs aim to explain the mechanism of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes,and provide a new approach to diabetes.

High frequency key words in papers on MOOC were retrieved from CNKI and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform.A co-words matrix was constructed , which was then transformed into correlation matrix and dis-similarity matrix, respectively.The correlation matrix was analyzed by multidimensional scaling analysis to show the hotspots in domestic MOOC studies on teaching reform, open education, information technology, resource develop-ment, library service innovation and its development trends.

Objective To discuss the early diagnosis of severe perioperative biliary infection complicated with DIC and efficacy of comprehensive treatment for it. Methods Comprehensive treat-ment was conducted in 21 patients who had intensive biliary infection complicated with DIC. The he-moglutination function was monitored before and after treatment. Results Of the 21 patients, 19 were cured and 2 dead. The curative rated was 90.5 %. The hemorrhage tendency was controlled, abdomi-nal bleeding stopped, prothrombin time (PT) obviously reduced, content of fibrinogen (Fbg)in-creased, level of D-dimer and FDPs obviously dropped. Conclusion The patients who have biliary in-fection in the perioperative period are easy to suffer from DIC and the mortality is high. Early diagno-sis and comprehensive therapy, especially the application of the cryofibrinogen and heparin, are very important.

Objective:To promote the application of the best evidence in the prevention of venous thrombosis in patients with lung cancer in thoracic surgery, so as to improve the nursing management, elevate the nursing quality and reduce the incidence of venous thrombosis.Methods:High quality literature guidelines related to perioperative venous thromboembolism prevention of lung cancer were searched and screened, and the evidence was extracted. Combined with clinical background, nursing strategies were generated through expert demonstration meetings and used as clinical review indicators. On the basis of evidence-based i-PARIHS as the theoretical framework, through the establishment of core groups, removal of existing obstacles, education and training and quality control, the evidence was applied to the clinical practice effectively, and the data were collected by means of on-the-spot observation and consulting cases, and the effect of evidence application was evaluated from the three aspects including system, nurses and patients.Results:Systemically speaking, in the process of evidence application, the department established the standards and procedures for perioperative venous thromboembolism prevention of lung cancer patients, improved thrombus risk assessment tools, made educational materials, brought thrombus prevention into the scope of quality control, and optimized the organizational environment with full consideration of manpower and materials. For nurses, after the application of evidence, the scores of nurses' knowledge, attitude and practice of venous thromboembolism prevention were (17.6 ± 1.8), (17.4 ± 1.8), (18.8 ± 1.2), (53.8 ± 2.9) respectively, which were higher than those before the application of evidence (12.0 ± 2.9), (14.5 ± 2.8), (11.6 ± 2.7), (38.3 ± 5.1), the differences were significant ( t values were -11.40 - -3.90, all P<0.05). For patients, the incidence of venous thromboembolism before the application of evidence was 4.7% (19/403), and venous thromboembolism after the application of evidence was 0 (0/118), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 5.774, P<0.05). Conclusions:The best evidence of perioperative venous thromboembolism of lung cancer on the basis of evidence-based is of great scientificity. Its application on clinical practice could effectively optimize the systematic organizational environment, standardize nursing behavior, improve nursing quality, and reduce the occurrence of venous thromboembolism in patients with lung cancer surgical procedures.

Objective To examine the distribution and expression of dentin matrix protein1 ( DMP1 ) in the condylar cartilage and subchondral bone of osteoporosis rats. Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 6 months (n=30)wererandomlydividedinto3groups. TheShamgroupunderwentshamoperationonly(n=10),theOVX group ( n = 10 ) received a bilateral ovariectomy first and then saline solution treatment subcutaneously for 3 months. The RIS group ( n=10 ) also received a bilateral ovariectomy and then with risedronate treatment ( 2. 4μg/kg) subcutaneously for 3 months. Three months after the operation, the animals were sacrificed. Toluidine blue staining showed the structure changes of rat condylar cartilage region. The changes of osteoclasts in the bony subcondylar region were evaluated by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase ( TRAP) staining. The expression of DMP1 was analyzed immunohistochemically and then performed by semi-quantitative imaging analyses. Results Toluidine blue staining showed a thickened hypertrophic layers of condylar cartilage in RIS group. The results of TRAP staining indicated that the number of osteoclasts was significantly greater in OVX group than RIS group (P<0. 05). Immunohistochemistry showed that DMP1 localized mainly in the chondrogenic layers and osteocytes, bony subcondylar region in three groups. The expression levels of DMP1 proteins statistically decreased in OVX group than the other two groups(both P<0. 05). Conclusion Bisphophonates may reduce the the number of osteoclasts in the condyle from osteoporosis rats, with increasing of the expression of DMP1, which may influences condylar cartilage biomineralization.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The number of apoptotic cels in rat condylar cartilage and subcondylar region: the sham operation group < the treatment group < the model group (alP< 0.05). (2)Expression of Bcl-2: The trend of the model group was lower than that in the sham operation group, although there was no statisticaly significant difference between the two groups; Bcl-2 expression in the treatment group was statisticaly higher compared to the model group (P< 0.05).(3)Expression of Bax and Caspase-3: The expression levels of Bax and Caspase-3 were higher in the model group than in the sham operation group (alP< 0.05), while Bax and Caspase-3 expression was lower in the treatment group than that in the model group (alP< 0.05). The results suggested that bisphophonates can regulate apoptosis in condylar cartilage from osteoporosis rats by changing the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3.

Objective To explore the corresponding relationship between isolated Q waves in lead Ⅲ on the electrocardiography(ECG) and echocardiographie segmental diagnosis of myocardial infarction(MI).Methods The shape magnitude of Q waves of 27 patients with MI and the relationship with eehocardiographie features were investigated. Results Twenty-four patients with inferior wall myocardial infarction had close relationship with isolated Q waves in lead Ⅲ on the ECG. Conclusions There is definite corresponding relation between isolated Q waves in lead Ⅲ and inferior wall myocardial infarction.