Only by meeting the demand of health reformation and development in medical high education can medical students settle the structural contradiction of employment. And only by keeping up with the employment tendency can they be easily employed.

Objective To compare the risk factors of mild hemorrhage and diiferences of TOAST type in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) and transient ischemia attack (TIA).Methods Forty patients with mild hemorrhage were divided into ACI group(24 cases) and TIA group(16 cases) according to disease classification.Risk factors such as age,blood pressure,blood lipid and so on between 2 groups were compared,TOAST subtype differences of 2 groups were compared.Results The age [(73.3 ± 4.1) years],the ratio of hypertension [95.8％(23/24)],leukoaraiosis [70.8％(17/24)] in ACI group was significantly higher than that in TIA group [(65.5 ± 5.6) years,13/16,9/16],there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The ratio of large-artery atherosclerosis and cardioembolism in ACI group [75.0％ (18/24) and 16.7％ (4/24)] was significantly higher than that in TIA group (8/16 and 1/16),there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).But the ratio of small artery occlusion in ACI group [8.3％ (2/24)] was significantly lower than that in TIA group (7/16),there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Correlative risk factors of milde hemorrhage in ACI and TIA patients have significant differences.

Purpose:To investigate the clinicopathological characristics of colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MUC),which is generally bel ieved to have a poor prognosis,in an attempt to assess ways in which the surgica l outcome can be improved. Methods:From 1994 to 2003,1 715 large intestinal cancer patient s underwent operation, among them, 197 patients were with MUC. The clinicopathol ogical parameters and prognosis of MUC and non-MUC were analyzed retrospectivel y. Results:There were no significant differences in sex , tumor si te and size. Patients with MUC had higher rate of serosal invasion (MUC:59.9% vs non-MUC: 35.1%) , invasive type lymph-node involvement (MUC:41.6% vs non-MUC 21.6%). Patients with MUC were of more advanced stage(D stage:MUC :44.1% vs non-MUC: 22.1%). Conclusions:Based on these findings , a more aggressive attitud e toward surgical intervention is recommended , including extensive lymph node d issection and the resection of adjacent organs that seems to be affected microsc opically , to improve the surgical outcome of this clinical entity.

Purpose:To investigate the telomerase activity in human digestive tract cancer and its significance and evaluate usefulness of the TRAP ELISA method .Methods:Telomerase activity was examined in 112 tumor specimens, including the following cancers: esophageal(12), gastric(36), hepatic(15), pancreatic (11), colorectal(38) and paracancerous tissues(94) by TRAP ELISA method.Results:The telomerase activity in tumor tissues was significantly higher than in paracancerous and normal tissues ( P

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of 15 skin diseases in adolescents from Liangshan prefecture in Sichuan Province.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select subjects.Adolescents from 2 urban and 3 rural middle schools were investigated,who were required to fulfill self-report questionnaires and received physical examinations by doctors.ResultsA total of 7747 adolescents aged from 12 to 20(15.86 ± 1.86) years were included in the investigation,and skin diseases were present in 6379 adolescents,with a total incidence of 82.34％.In average,each subject suffered from 1.3372 ± 0.96861 skin diseases.Of the adolescents,4698(60.64％) had acne,2219(28.64％) freckle,966(12.47％) lichen pilaris,792(10.22％) eczema or dermatitis,511(6.60％) urticaria,195(2.52％) papular urticaria,37 (0.48％) vitiligo,55 (0.71％) psoriasis,166 (2.14％) verruca vulgaris,168 (2.17％) flat wart,317 (4.09％) tinea manus and pedis,142 (1.83％) tinea corporis,62 (0.80％) chloasma,26 (0.34％) nevus flammeus,15 (0.19％) nevus of ota.Male adolescents showed a higher incidence of acne(63.91％ vs.58.50％),but a lower incidence of eczema,lichen pilaris,freckle,chloasma and psoriasis compared with female adolescents.The incidence of acne,vitiligo,psoriasis and melasma were higher,while that of freckele was lower(25.93％ vs.29.58％ ) in Yi adolescents than in Han adolescents.Increased incidence of acne and papular urticaria and decreased prevalence of urticaria,freckle,melasma and lichen pilaris were observed in urban adolescents compared with rural adolescents.ConclusionsThe prevalence of skin diseases is high in adolescents from Liangshan prefecture.Of these 15 skin diseases,acne,freckle,lichen pilaris,eczema and urticaria are the 5 most common diseases in the area.Differences exist in the incidence of skin diseases between male and female,Han and Yi,urban and rural,adolescents.

BACKGROUND: There are many methods for repairing the hemifacial atrophy, the most common is preparing plaster facial mold of the patient, with wax piled on the surface to restore the patient's facial shape, and wax pattern serves as a reference of surgical pad. However, the therapeutic effect for the correction and treatment is not satisfactory due to varied abnormality and difficult plans.OBJECTIVE: To discuss the feasibility of manufacturing underlay for the treatment of hemifacial atrophy using computer-assisted design and rapid prototyping technology. METHODS: Skull of the hemifacial atrophy patient was scanned with Picker 6000 SCT, and the data obtained were processed in Voxel Q image workstation for 3-D reconstruction with volume rendering technique. After the interval lamination, the images were downloaded at 0.4-mm interval in a BMP format using CuteFTP 4.0 software. Then the transaxial 2-D image data were converted into digitized 2-D contour data by using image processing software developed by experimental team through a series of processes, including filtering, screening, noise reduction, and distortion correction. The edges and contour of the images was extracted to obtain a vector diagram of facial cranial cortical bone contour line. The digitized data were inputted into image processing software of Surfacer 9.0 for vector superposing, thus the 3-D wire frame and solid images of skull could be reconstructed. According to mirror-image symmetry relation, the point-cloud data of facial bone on the normal side was duplicated to the atrophied side. Thus a 3-D model of the underlay was produced between the atrophied bone and the mirror image of normal side. In order to compensate the atrophy of soft tissues, the model was designed 1.5 mm thicker. After the three-dimensional Surfacer data on the CAD were re-stratified, the contour editing of the underlay and the supporting set of prototype were completed in RpDataRepare, forming RP files and creating underlay template through rapidly output of the processing file for rapid prototyping required, as a reference of surgical procedures.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The 3-D solid model of the patient skull bone surface contour was obtained and simulacrum of the underlay was prepared with computer assistance and rapid prototyping. According to the simulacrum, the operation was carried out and got a satisfactory result. The manufacture of underlay for the treatment of hemifacial atrophy could be accomplished by computer assisted design and rapid prototyping in a highly precise and rapid manner. It is a promising technique in the field of individualized underlay making in craniofacial surgery.

BACKGROUND: A three-dimensional spiral computer tomography can display stereoscopic pictures with multi angles on films or computer screens. However, it is hard to display complex three-dimensional anatomical morphology on two-dimensional films or computer screens. Thus, three-dimensional models are needed in craniomaxillofacial surgery simulation or conceptual design.OBJECTIVE: To establish a three-dimensional skull model using spiral computer tomography data and to explore its application in craniofacial surgery.METHODS: Skull of the patient was scanned with Picker 6000 spiral computer tomography with 2.0 slice thickness and 1.0 pitch,and the obtained data were treated in Voxel Q image workstation for three-dimensional reconstruction with volume rendering technique. After having been downloaded to personal computer at 0.1 mm interval, the transaxial two-dimensional image data were converted into two-dimensional digitized contour data by using image processing software developed by the experimental team. The wire frame and solid images of craniofacial triangular facets could be reconstructed when the digitized data were inputted into image processing software of Surfacer 9.0.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The three-dimensional wire frame and solid image of skull was reconstructed and computer aided design for plastic operation was accomplished on it. Then the simulacrum of underlay was obtained by rapid prototyping technology. A three-dimensional skull model could be established using spiral computer tomography data. It might play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors, injuries and abnormality in craniofacial surgery.

Objective To study the fecel-oral and blood transfusion of TT virus. Methods Paired feces and serum samples from 6 patients with type B and/or C hepatitis were tested for TTV DNA and its titers by PCR with seminested primers.Genotypes were determined after their sequences were compared with the original N22 and TA278 clone.Results TTV DNA was detected in sera from all patients,while it was detected in feces from 3 patients,including 2 with high viral titers in serum.The detection of fecal TTV DNA was dependent on the viral titers in serum.TTV isolates in 3 pairs of feces and serum had identical sequence of 222 base pairs.Their genotypes were 1a,1b and 2,respectively.Conclusion The excretion of TTV into feces indicates that TTV would be transmitted not only parenterally but also nonparenterally by a fecal-oral route.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common intrahepatic primary liver tumor after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Epidemiological study suggests a strong correlation between HBV infection and ICC development.This review focused on the potential mechanisms of HBV-induced ICC and gives a primary summary of suggested hypothesis,which included:(1) HBV infection of liver stem/progenitor cells will indirectly lead to HBV infection of intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells and lead to the development of ICC; (2) the changed microenvironment of intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells by HBV infection eventually results in carcinogenesis ; (3) the HBV infection of hepatic sten/progenitor cell can transform into tumor-like stem cells and ultimately differentiate into ICC-like tumor cells.