Objective To develop techniques based on polymerase chain reaction(PCR) which can detect 2 of most common deletional ? thalassemia ? 3.7 deletion and ? 4.2 deletion in China accurately and speedily. Methods Two groups of primers were designed and synthesized. PCR conditions were optimized. The PCR pro ducts were analysed by 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis. The gel was stained by EB and photographed using an UVP gel documentation. Results PCR product of a 1 700 bp DNA fragment with primers A′, B′, C3 indicates the ? 3.7 deletion while a 1 900 bp fragment indicates a normal or wild type of ? globin gene. Occurrence of the 1 700 bp and 1 900 bp simultaneously indicates a heterozygous of the ? 3.7 deletion. Neither of the 2 bands was presented, indicating a homozygous of South East Asia type of deletion (-? SEA ). According to patterns of 1 580 bp and 1 180 bp hand amplified by a PCR with primer G′, E, F′, we detected the ? 4.2 deletion and distinquished its heterozygous and homozygous. Conclusions The 2 PCR based techniques developed in our laboratory are accurate, simple, well reproducible and easy to use for screening of the 2 deletion types of ? thalassemia determinants.

Objective To explore the influence of screening programme on awareness of cervical cancer prevention among 30 to 59 years old women who live in rural areas of Beijing.Methods A face-to-face cross-sectional survey on women's knowledge on cervical cancer prevention was conducted in 2008 and 2009 among subjects recurited by three-stage stratified random sampling.ResultsUnivariate analysis showed that since the initiation of cervical cancer screening in Daxing District of Beijing,the overall awareness of cervical cancer was significantly increased among women residents,and the percentage of women with 5 or more correct answers was increased from 37.3％ to 51.0％ ( x2=62.06,P＜0.001).After adjusting confounding factors,multivariate analysis showedthat cervical cancer screening programme contributed to improved awareness of cervical cancer-related knowledge ( OR =1.853,95％ CI1.590 -2.159).In addition,current place of residence,education level,household income per-capita and screening history within 5 years were major factors affecting women's awareness of cervical cancer ( OR vales were 1.766,2.580,1.350 and1.676,respectively),and higher education level and personal income were correlated with increased awareness rate.ConclusionCervical cancer screening could improve general knowledge of cervical cancer,especially for those who have never participated in the screening programme.

Objective: PCBP1 is a family member of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) that belong to RNA-binding proteins and bear three KH domains. The protein plays a pivotal role in post-transcriptional regulation for RNA metabolism and RNA function in gene expression. We hy-pothesized and were going to identify that the regulatory function of PCBP1 is performed through different complexes of proteins that include PCBP1. Methods: To test our hypothesis, approaches of protein wal-king with a yeast two-hybrid system (Y2H), pulling down in yeasts, co-immunoprecipitation and immu-nofluorescent microscopy assay were employed in this study. The PCBP1 was used as the initial "walker" to search for its interaction partner(s). Results: Candidate proteins including MYL6, PECAM1, CSH1,RAB7, p57KIP2, ACTG1, RBMS1 and PSG4-1ike were identified with selection mediums and preceding methods. Conclusion: With these candidate protein molecules, some protein complexes associating with PCBP1 are proposed, which may help in a better understanding of physiological functions of PCBP1 and proved evidence that PCBP1 is involved in variant biological pathways.

Abstract In order to achieve the goal of reducing the smoking rate among Chinese adults at ages of 15 years and above to below 20% by 2030, smoking cessation services require to be reinforced. The current Chinese smoking cessation service system includes short-term smoking cessation interventions and smoking cessation hotlines at the population level, and smoking cessation clinics at the individual level; however, these smoking cessation services suffer from problems of low awareness, low accessibility and low utilization rate. Based on the publications pertaining to smoking cessation services and released policy documents in China until June 2022, this review analyzes the current status, problems and causes of smoking cessation services, and proposes suggestions for improving the smoking cessation service system construction in China.

Objective:To summarize the effect of Chinese Children′s Cancer Group (CCCG) Wilms tumor (WT)-2015 protocol.Methods:This was a prospective study. CCCG-WT-2015 protocol was revised on the basis of the CCCG-WT-2009 protocol. Clinical data of 288 children diagnosed with newly diagnosed kidney neoplasms in fourteen pediatric centers between September 2015 to December 2018 were summarized. The age of onset, distribution of pathological subtypes, staging, curative effect and prognostic factors of these children were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival curve and Log-Rank method was used for univariate analysis.Results:Among 288 cases with kidney neoplasms, there were 261 cases of WT, including 254 cases (97.3%) with favorable histology (FH) WT and 7 cases (2.7%) with unfavorable histology WT (UFHWT). The 3 year events free survival (EFS) rate for FHWT and UFHWT were (88.9±2.1)% and (80.0±17.9)%, which were better than that in WT-2009 (81.2% and 71.7%). In the 96 cases of stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ FHWT with indications for radiotherapy, 76 cases received radiation, another 20 cases received M protocol chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, etoposide, gentamycin, vincristine and adriamycin) instead of radiation. The 3 year EFS rate for these two groups were (84.7±4.3)% and (84.7±8.1)%(χ 2=0.015, P=0.902). There were 22 renal clear cell sarcoma and 5 malignant rhabdoid tumor, 3 year EFS rate of them was (94.4±5.4)% and (20.0±17.9)%. Univariate analysis was performed for age, gender, pathological type, stage, whether rupture occurred during operation, whether complete remission (CR) occurred at the end of treatment and radiotherapy. Pathological types (χ 2=44.329, P<0.01) and failure to achieve CR at the end of the treatment (χ 2=49.459, P<0.01) were independent factor for predicting survival. Conclusion:Compared with CCCG-WT-2009, treatment of renal tumors in CCCG-WT-2015 study yielded good survival outcome, which can be further applied.