0.05 ). Conclusion FTY720 is an effective specific and reversible immunosuppressant.

Objective To explore the effect of I kappa B kinase (IKK) on liver during hepatic ischemia reperfusion (HIR) in rats.Methods Wister rats were divided randomly into HIR group in which hepatic reperfusion was given after 60 minutes of ischemia by interruption of the arterial and portal venous blood supply to the left lobes and middle lobes of the liver; HIR + PDTC treatment group in which PDTC (120 mg/kg) were injected via the dorsum vein of penis before ischemia reperfusion; and sham control group in which midline laparotomy was performed without vascular occlusion and treatment.Expression levels of IKK were measured with In situ hybridization(ISH).The NF-κB activities were determined with EMSA.Expression levels of TNF-α were measured with immunohistochemistry (IH).Serum levels of ALT were measured.Results Expression level of IKK was increased markedly from 0 to 12h and peaked 6h after reperfusion in HIR group.NF-κB was activated 0 ～ 12h after reperfusion and activities of NF-κB were maximal 6h after reperfusion in HIR group rats compared with sham control group.Expression level of TNFα was increased markedly from 0 to 12h and peaked 6h after reperfusion in HIR group.Serum levels of ALT were increased significantly after reperfusion in H1R group.Expression level of IKK was lowered markedly in HIR + PDTC group from 0 to 12h after reperfusion.NF-κB activities were significantly lower in HIR +PDTC group than in HIR group from 0 to 12h after reperfusion.Expression level of TNF-α was lowered markedly in HIR + PDTC group as compared with HIR group from 0 to 12h after reperfusion.Serum level of ALT was decreased significantly after reperfusion in HIR + PDTC group as compared with HIR group.Conclusion HIR can activate IKK-β which promotes the activation of NF-κB,then NF-κB results in upregulation transcription of TNF-α gene which gives rise to the release of other inflammatory cytokines and triggers uncontrolled inflammatory response,and induces hepatic injury.Blocking IKK-NF-κB pathway may be an effective approach to checking the generation and development of ALI,PDTC plays important prophylaxis and treatment roles in hepatic injury after HIR.

Objective To evaluate the effect of fluorin dentifrice on the microhardness and whiting of dental enamel bleached with different concentration bleachers.Methods 6%carbamide peroxide(CP)and 30%CP were selected as bleachers.Twenty undefected molars were subjected to 3 groups.Groups A and B.which composed of 8 teeth each,were tested and group C was the control one.Group A(buccal surface)and group B(buccal surface)were treated with 6%CP.Group A (lingual surface)and group B(lingual surface)were treated with 30%CP.They were bleached 30 min every day for two weeks.The teeth in group B were brushed with fluorin dentifrice for 15 min after bleached every time and then all tested samples were kept in the artificial saliva at 37℃.Vickers microhardness of all teeth and color measurement of groups A and B were made before and at the end of bleaching procedure.Results The difference of microhardness values between the bleached and control samples were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Brushed with fluorin agent significantly increased the hardness of enamelin group B(P＜0.05).The color change was not significant between bleached samples.Conclusion Using fluoride in the interphase of bleaching makes this therapy safer,and does not affect the whitening effect.

Objective To investigate the influence of FTY720 on the lymphocytes and their recovery after withdrawal of FTY720,and on the changes in T cell subsets of inbred mice so as to direct the administration of FTY720. Methods Male inbred C57/bl mice were given FTY720 at the dose of 3 mg/kg per day by oral gavage once a day for 14 days. The PBLs were counted and T cell subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry at the selected time points. Results When FTY720 was administrated, the PBLs showed a sharp decrease and reached the minimum 4 hours later.Then the PBLs remained stable during the whole pe- riod of administration.The PBLs didn’t restore immediately when the reagent was withdrawn,but increased slowly 2 weeks later and completely recovered 6 weeks later.The changes of T cells were similar to PBLs.CD - 8 subsets showed relatively higher sensitivity to FTY720. Conclusions FTY720 is a safe reagent which has rapid and specific effects on PBLs,and the changes in PBLs are reversible.The effect of FTY720 on T cell subsets is similar to that on PBLs.CD - 8 T cells are relatively more sensitive to FTY720.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, arteriosclerosis and stroke. Stimulants such as ephedrine and caffeine and their herbal counterparts have been proved effective in reducing body mass; however, their use is controversial due to the undesired effects. Therefore, it is necessary to find a tolerable and effective nutraceutical that can increase energy expenditure and/or decrease calorie intake to reduce weight.OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of a preparation containing node of Lotus Rhizome, green tea, and Panax notoginsengin reducing body mass and fat in obese adults.DESIGN: Randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study using the volunteers as the subjects.SETTING: Institute of Natural Drug of Yunnan Baiyao Group.PARTICIPANTS: The trial was conducted in the Institute of Natural Drug of Yunnan Baiyao Group from July 5 to August 23 in 2003. Altogether 82 obese volunteers[35 men and 47 women aged 26- 50 years, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 ] were randomly assigned to treatment and placebo groups with 41 in each group.METHODS: The treatment group received 9 g pill of a dietary supplement containing a proprietary blend of node of Lotus Rhizome, green tea and Panax notoginseng every day for 7 weeks, while the placebo group received 9 g pill of rice flour every day for 7 weeks. Their body mass, percentage of body fat,absolute fat mass, BMI, waist and hip circumference, and anthropometric measurements were recorded at the beginning and the end of the study. The subjects completed daily dietary intake records on days 1 to 3 and 47 to 49. They also completed weekly activity logs throughout the study.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Final outcome indexes: body mass,percentage of body fat, BMI, waist and hip circumference; ② Replacement indexes: diet, heart rate, oxygen consumption and blood pressure; ③ Risk indexes: adverse events and side effects.RESULTS: Four subjects (1 from the treatment group and 3 from the placebo group) dropped out for personal reasons unrelated to the study. No significant changes were found in the consumption of total calories, percentage of calories ingested as carbohydrates, fat or protein, or activity levels in either group throughout the study. Body mass, percentage of body fat and BMI of the treatment group were(74.7 ± 11.4) kg, (33.0±4. 1)% and(28.5±2.7) kg/m2 before the experiment, and(73.6 ± 12.4) kg, (31.3 ±4.5)%and(27.9 ± 3.0) kg/m2 at week 7, with significant differences. Waist and hip circumference of the treatment group was obviously decreased, but did not differ significantly before and after the experiment in the placebogroup. There were no significant differences in heart rate, oxygen consumption and blood pressure between the two groups. No obvious side effects were observed in the two groups.CONCLUSION: The novel combination of node of Lotus Rhizome, green tea and Panax notoginseng can significantly reduce body mass and fat in obese adults.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the working efficiency of the drug delivery system. METHODS:The kinds of drugs in delivery system and manual dispensing window were adjusted through comparing the number of prescriptions and drug box dis-pensed by the system and manual window in our hospital before adjustment (Jun. 2014),combining with analysis of EIQ(En-try-item-quantity)-ABC. The improvement effect was evaluated through analyzing related index after adjustment(Aug. 2014). RE-SULTS:The data before adjustment showed the workload of the delivery system was lower than that of manual delivery in term of the number of drug box (P=0.000),and they were similar in term of the number of prescription (P=0.122). The drug delivery system was significantly better than manual delivery in terms of two indexes after resetting the type of drugs in the system(P=0.000). CONCLUSIONS:Optimized delivery system can effectively improve the working efficiency.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the protective effect of captopril on the nicotine-induced impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation(EDR) in rat mesenteric arteries and explore the possible mechanisms underlying the observed protective effects of captopril.METHODS: A total of 30 rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group,nicotine group(2 mg?kg-1),captopril group(nicotine 2 mg?kg-1+captopril 3 mg?kg-1).After treatment for 4 weeks,vasodilatation rate of mesenteric arteries,the content of NO and NOS,and the SOD activities in serum were measured.RESULTS: Nicotine significantly decreased the vasodilatation rate of mesenteric arteries and decreased the content of NO and NOS,SOD activities in serum(P

Objective To investigate the clinical, electrophysiological and pathological features of critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy (CIPNM). Methods The clinical outcomes, electromyogram Results as well as pathological features in nerves and muscles of 3 patients with CIPNM were investigated and analyzed. Results 3 patients were all provided with assisted respiration after tracheal intubation. 7～10 d after intubation, all the patients emerged muscle strength and tendon reflexes of extremities weakening; while 14 days after that, 2 patients appeared amyotrophy of extremities. Electromyogram showed that the conduction of many motor and sensory nerves for extremities decreased, while the amplitude of compound muscle action potential (CMAP) of part of motor nerves decreased. Biopsy for nerves revealed decreased medullated nerve fibers and regeneration phenomenon of auxiliary fibers; while that for muscles showed neuralgic damage and myopathy-like changes. Conclusion CIPNM can complicate after tracheal intubation. The electrophysiological and pathological examinations for nerves and muscles can be helpful for the diagnosis.

Objective:To discuss the therapy for ureteral endometriosis.Methods:The clinical data of 25 cases of histopathologically confirmed ureteral endometriosis during 2001 -2015 were retrospectively analyxed.Results:In the 25 cases,all the patients took urinary ultrasound for examination before sur-gery,of whom 21 (84%)were examined by CT and 5 (20%)by MRI.Three (12%)cases underwent preoperative KUB and intravenous pyelogram (IVP)examination.Four (16%)cases were examined by retrograde pyelography before surgery.Eight (32%)of them took cystoscope for examination and 11 (44%)took preoperative radionuclide renal dynamic imaging examination.All of these cases were affec-ted with unilateral ureter,13 (52%)in the right and 12 (48%)in the left.The ureter lesions were at the upper part in 21 (84%)cases and at the middle part in 4 (16%)cases.In these cases,11 (44%) received partial ureteral resection and end-to-end ureteral anastomosis,10 (40%)received partial ure-teral resection and ureterocystoneostomy,3 (12%)received retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephroureterec-tomy,and 1 (4%)received endoscopic resection of ureteral endometriosis lesion.All of these cases were confirmed with ureteral endometriosis by post-surgery pathology results,with the expression of CA125 and ER in the glandular tissue and expression of PR in the mesenchymal tissue inside the ureteral muscle de-tected by immunohistochemistry.Four (16%)cases took postoperative adjuvant hormonal therapy.And no recurrence was found among 16 (64%)cases with the successful follow-up which ranged from 3 to 76 months and the median follow up was 28 months.Fifteen cases were submitted to the follow-up by urinary ultrasound (93.8%)and 5 (31.3%)underwent CT for examination.All the cases relieved from hydro-nephrosis,and symptoms of 10 (63.5 )cases disappeared.The cases with double-J stent all had the stent removed within 3 to 6 weeks.Conclusion:Surgical procedures should be considered as the main therapy for ureteral endometriosis.We recommend ureterolysis for patients with mild ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis.As for those with moderate and severe ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis,we recommend partial ureteral resection.When the situation comes to patients with little renal function of the affected side,the recommended management is nephroureterectomy.

Objective To investigate the value of cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTn Ⅰ) in diagnosis of multi-trauma patients combined with myocardiac contusion.Methods A retrospective review was made on 98 cases of multi-trauma patients combined with blunt chest trauma.The groups were identified according to whether the patients were associated with myocardiac contusion or not,including myocardiac contusion group (n =48) and non-myocardiac contusion group (n =50).The detection and diagnosis of myocardiac contusion in the use of different cut-off points of cTn Ⅰ and creatine kinase MB isoenzyme/creatine kinase (CKMB/CK) or their combination were compared between groups.Results cTn Ⅰ ≥0.60 ng/ml had a specificity of 90.0％,a sensitivity of 64.6％ and a Youden index of 0.54 in diagnosis of myocardiac contusion,indicating a best diagnostic accuracy as a single parameter.As compared with the single use of cTn Ⅰ ≥ 0.60 ng/ml or CKMB/CK ≥ 6％ in diagnosis of myocardiac contusion,the combined use of two parameters presented a significantly higher diagnostic sensitivity (85.4％ vs 64.6％ ; 85.4％ vs 27.1％ respectively,both P ＜ 0.05),but no markedly lower specificity (84.0％ vs 90.0％ ; 84.0％ vs 88.0％ respectively,both P ＞0.05).cTn Ⅰ level was positively correlated with ISS score of the multi-trauma patients combined with myocardiac contusion (r =0.534,P ＜ 0.01).Mortality rate in patients with severely increased cTn Ⅰ was much higher than that in patients with mild-moderately increased cTn Ⅰ (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions cTn Ⅰ ≥0.60 ng/ml presents a high sensitivity and preferable specificity for diagnosis of multiple trauma patients combined with myocardiac contusion.It can be served as a biomarker for diagnosis of MC and its combination with CKMB/CK≥6％ improves the diagnostic sensitivity.cTn Ⅰ can be used as an assessment indicator for the early risk stratification and outcome in multi-trauma patients combined with myocardiac contusion.