1.Age-related white matter changes: Imaging, risk factors and clinical significance
Huan ZHAO ; Liqiong CAO ; Jia FU
International Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases 2013;(2):122-127
Age-related white matter changes are considered as a manifestation of arteriolosclerotic small vessel disease and are associated with advanced age and vascular risk factors.White matter changes have been recognized as one of the manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease.They are the pathological basis of cognitive impairment and functional loss in the elderly.Studies have shown that when white matter changes develop to a certain extent,there will be many clinical symptoms,including cognitive impairment,dementia,depression,gait disturbances,and urinary incontinence,and they are associated with the increased risks of stroke and death.
2.Genotype analysis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae during 2010-2012 in children from Beijing
Hongmei SUN ; Guanhua XUE ; Chao YAN ; Yanling FENG ; Liqiong WANG ; Hanqing ZHAO ; Shaoli LI ; Ling CAO
Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology 2012;(11):939-943
Objective To inspect the source of an outbreak with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp).Methods We carried out real-time PCR to analyze specimens collected from pediatric patients in Beijing during January 2010 to May 2012,diagnosed as pneumonia or a respiratory infection according to clinical symptoms.These positive samples were analyzed by the M-P typing system(M:multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis,MLVA; P:P1-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis,P1-RFLP).Results Sixty-nine specimens were tested positive to Mp by the real-time PCR in 446 specimens from pediatric patients.The infection rate was 11.69%,15.56% and 20.00% respectively in 2010,2011 and the first half of 2012.According to the M-P system,11 distinct genotypes were identified from 69 positive specimens,M43562P1 and M53562P1 were the two main genotypes that showed an increasing trend from 2010 to 2011,and M33562P1 and M63562P1 showed an increasing trend from 2011 to 2012 in China.Conclusion During this international Mp epidemic,the infection rate of Mp was also increase in Beijing in 2011,and M43562P1 and M53562P1 were the two main genotypes.Among them,M43562 were consistent with pop genotypes in Europe,and M53562 were consistent with pop genotype in Israel.The M-P system would be valuable to monitor the epidemic of Mp in different countries in the world.
3.The value of improved CT perfusion in delineation of brain AVM target for stereotactic radiosurgery
Hua JIANG ; Ying LIU ; Jiazhong DAI ; Wenjing CAO ; Huidong SHI ; Jian DING ; Xuqun TANG ; Liqiong WU ; Tonggang YU
Journal of Practical Radiology 2017;33(11):1769-1772
Objective To explore the value of improved CT perfusion in delineation of brain arteriovenous malformation(AVM) target for stereotactic radiosurgery.Methods 22 patients diagnosed with AVM by DSA were included in this study.14 cases of AVM were detected from initial symptoms of intracereb.ral hemorrhage,of which 4 cases were given immediate intracranial hematoma evacuation,then in 3 cases postoperative embolization was performed,and other 10 cases received conservative treatment including 3 cases treated by embolization.8 cases of AVM were detected from initial symptoms of epilepsy or headache,without surgery or embolization treatment.In all patients,the improved CT perfusion and MRA examinations were performed before treatment to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of different methods in AVM.Results The interference rates of hemorrhage and granulation tissue on MRA images were 27.3 % and 54.5 %,respectively,while those on enhanced CT and improved CT perfusion images were 0 %.The interference rate of embolization material on enhanced CT and improved CT perfusion images was 27.3%,while that on MRA images were 0%.The contrast-enhancement rates of MRA,CT and improved CT perfusion images were 4 5.5 %,5 4.5 % and 7 2.7 %,respectively.Conclusion Improved CT perfusion technique is helpful in delineation of brain AVM target for stereotactic radiosurgery in patients with AVM combined with intracerebral hemorrhage or postoperative patients.
4.Surveillance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection among children in Beijing from 2007 to 2012.
Hanqing ZHAO ; Shaoli LI ; Ling CAO ; Yi YUAN ; Guanhua XUE ; Yanling FENG ; Chao YAN ; Liqiong WANG ; Zhaoyang FAN ; Hongmei SUN
Chinese Medical Journal 2014;127(7):1244-1248
BACKGROUNDMycoplasma pneumonia (M. pneumoniae) is one of the key pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia. A global pandemic of M. pneumoniae has occurred since 2010. The aim of this study was to survey the prevalence of M. pneumoniae in children in Beijing from 2007-2012.
METHODSA total of 3 073 clinical specimens were obtained from pediatric patients with respiratory tract infections from January 2007 to December 2012, and examined by nested polymerase chain reaction. PCR products were visualized by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis, positive products sequenced, and compared with reference sequences in GenBank. Macrolide resistance-associated mutations were also detected for some positive samples.
RESULTSOf the 3 073 specimens, 588 (19.13%) were positive for M. pneumoniae, 12.4% of which were accompanied by viral infections. Positive rates for M. pneumoniae were highest in 2007 and 2012, showing a significant difference when compared with other years. Infections tended to occur in autumn and winter and positive rates were significantly higher for children aged 3-16. The rate of macrolide resistance-associated mutations was 90.7%, and the predominant mutation was an A→G transition (89.92%) at position 2063 in domain V of the 23S rRNA gene.
CONCLUSIONSM. pneumoniae outbreaks occurred in 2007 and 2012 in pediatric patients in Beijing, which is consistent with the global prevalence of M. pneumoniae. M. pneumoniae can cause multi-system infections in children, and may be accompanied with viral infections. We determined that school-age children are more susceptible to this disease, particularly in autumn and winter. Gene mutations associated with macrolide resistance were very common in M. pneumoniae-positive specimens during this period in Beijing.
Adolescent ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Female ; Humans ; Macrolides ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; pathogenicity ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; Prevalence