Animals ; Hepatocytes ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lipoproteins ; metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Proteins ; metabolism

Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; etiology ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Lipase ; analysis ; genetics ; physiology ; Lipoproteins ; metabolism ; Lipoproteins, HDL ; metabolism ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; metabolism ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Tissue Distribution

Liver is one of the most important organs in energy metabolism. Most plasma apolipoproteins and endogenous lipids and lipoproteins are synthesized in the liver. It depends on the integrity of liver cellular function, which ensures homeostasis of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. When liver cancer occurs, these processes are impaired and the plasma lipid and lipoprotein patterns may be changed. Liver cancer is the fifth common malignant tumor worldwide, and is closely related to the infections of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). HBV and HCV infections are quite common in China and other Southeast Asian countries. In addition, liver cancer is often followed by a procession of chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis, so that hepatic function is damaged obviously on these bases, which may significantly influence lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in vivo. In this review we summarize the clinical significance of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism under liver cancer.
Animals ; Apolipoproteins ; metabolism ; Cholesterol ; metabolism ; Fatty Acids ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipoprotein(a) ; metabolism ; Lipoproteins, HDL ; metabolism ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Triglycerides ; metabolism

Fatty Liver ; metabolism ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; metabolism ; Lipoproteins ; metabolism ; Metabolic Syndrome ; metabolism

No abstract available.
Cholesterol* ; Female ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced* ; Lipoproteins* ; Metabolism* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy*

Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and metabolic syndrome (MS) are closely correlated. Changes in LDLR expression, feedback regulation and degradation, impacts of LDLR deficiency on blood lipid levels, roles of LDLR in islet β cell dysfunction and cholesterol homeostasis dysregulation, expression of LDLR gene nuclear transcription factors and polymorphism of LDLR gene segments are all involved in the development of specific components of MS. In recent years, a variety of targets and intervention mechanisms in relation to LDLR and MS have been extensively studied. Knowledge about association between LDLR and MS may contribute to the development of strategies for prevention and treatment of MS. This article reviews the update on the association between LDLR and MS.
Homeostasis ; Humans ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; Metabolic Syndrome ; Receptors, LDL

OBJECTIVETo explore low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation by macrophage myeloperoxidase (MPO) at molecular level.

METHODSUsing a mouse macrophage model, we examined the relationship between LDL oxidation and macrophage MPO by measuring macrophage MPO activity, LDL oxidation products, MPO gene expression and cellular orientation of LDL oxidation.

RESULTSMPO gene expression increased to its maximum gradually when the concentration of LDL was increased, and then maintained at that level. NaN(3) inhibied the elevation of MPO activity and LDL oxidation, which was LDL concentration-dependent. After the composition of macrophage membrane was roughly analyzed, it was determined that the contents of MPO and LDL in 5% sucrose were 7.667 and 21 times higher than those in 10% sucrose, respectively.

CONCLUSIONLDL is attached to the "microdomain" of the macrophage membrane in which LDL is oxidized by MPO.

Animals ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; metabolism ; Macrophages ; metabolism ; Mice ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Peroxidase ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate whether glycation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) increases cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by altering its anti-atherogenic property.

DATA SOURCESData cited in this review were obtained mainly from Pubmed and Medline in English from 2000 to 2013, with keywords "glycation", "HDL", and "atherosclerosis". Study selection Articles regarding glycation of HDL and its role in atherogenesis in both humans and experimental animal models were identified, retrieved and reviewed.

RESULTSGlycation alters the structure of HDL and its associated enzymes, resulting in an impairment of atheroprotective functionality and increased risks for cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetic patients.

CONCLUSIONGlycation of HDL exerts a deleterious effect on the development of cardiovascular complications in diabetes.

Atherosclerosis ; etiology ; metabolism ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lipoproteins, HDL

Mycoplasmas, the smallest free-living, self-replicating bacteria with diameters of 200 to 800 nm, have been reported to be associated with human diseases. It is well known that the mycoplasma lipoprotein/peptide is able to modulate the host immune system, whose N-terminal structure is an important factor in inducing immunity and distinguishing Toll-like receptors (TLRs). However, there is still no clear elucidation about the pathogenic mechanism of mycoplasma lipoprotein/peptide and the signaling pathway. Some researchers have focused on understanding the structures of these proteins and the relationships between their structure and biological function. This review provides an update on the research in this field.
Lipoproteins ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Mycoplasma ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Toll-Like Receptors ; chemistry ; metabolism

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Glomerulus ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lipoproteins ; metabolism ; Male ; Nephrosis, Lipoid ; metabolism ; pathology