Objective To explore the influence of immune and nutrition therapy on the rehabilitation of patients with severe traumatic brain injury.Methods According to the different nutritional therapy,80 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were divided into the control group and observation group,each group 40 cases.The patients of the two groups were all given similarly conventional methods,and the observation group were given immune nutrition therapy,the control group were given routine nutrition therapy.After 14d,30d treattnent,nutritional status of the two groups were observed.Barthel Index,Fugl-Meyer score of the two groups of patients and recovery of neurological function were compared 3 months after treatment.Results After treatment,ALB and TF increased significantly (t =5.75,6.38,1.27,2.63,all P ＜ 0.05) ；ALB and TF in the observation group 14 d and 30 d after treatment were significantly higher than those of the control group (t =11.26,6.53,1.27,1.68,all P ＜ 0.05).After 3 months of treatment between the two groups,the clinical efficacy of the observation group was 60.00％,which was better than that of control group(37.50％) (χ2 =9.67,P ＜ 0.05),the differences of Barthel Index and,Fugl-Meyer score were statistically significant (t =3.24,2.88,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The immune and nutritional therapy can significantly promote the neurological function recovery of patients with severe traumatic brain injury,so as to improve the prognosis and the patients's quality of life.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the situation of drug use and occurrence of side effects of drug interactions in the inpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).METHODS:54 medical charts of the inpatients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University diagnosed as having COPD from Oct.2006 to Feb.2007 were randomly collected for analyses of patients' basic information drug utilization.RESULTS:The COPD patients received more than 8 kinds of drugs simultaneously in more then 20% of their hospital days.Side effects of drug interaction occurred in 70% of them.CONCLUSION:The study shows that the drug use in the COPD inpatients is characterized by excessive drug kinds and high incidences of drug interactions,therefore,it is urgent to take further intervention measures on drug use in COPD inpatients.

Objective To explore the interference effect of drinking green tea on patients with primary kidney disease syndrome. Methods 200 cases of patients with normal kidney function and also accepted initial treatment of primary kidney disease syndrome were divided into the research group(102cases) and the control group (98 cases) at random. The research group adopted normal nursing, hormone medicine treatment and also drank green tea as nursing measure, but the control group used normal medical treatment and hormone only. The change of blood sugar, blood fat and hemodynamics and relapse rate of kidney disease syndrome were observed in two groups one year later. Results A variety of indexes of the blood sugar, blood fat and hemodynamics in patients of the research group were better than the patients of the control group one year later. The relapse rate of the research group was 11.76%, the control group was 28.57%, the difference was statistically different. Conclusions Drinking green tea can improve the food treatment effect of patients suffered from primary kidney disease syndrome so as to reduce the recrudescent rate effectively and improve life quality of patients suffered from primary kidney disease syndrome.

Objective To observe the electrocardiogram (ECG) of urban residents in non-endemic areas of Keshan disease in Ji'nan City,Shandong Province,and to provide scientific basis for health evaluation and prevention and control of Keshan disease.Methods From July 2014 to June 2015,ECGs of residents undertaken healthy examination in Shandong Ciming Physical Examination Center were collected,retrospective analysis was used to analyze residents' heart health.Statistical analysis was conducted according to sex and age groups,and the diagnosis of ECG was based on Concise Pediatric Electrocardiogram and Clinical Electrocardiography.Results Totally 31 753 ECGs were recorded,including 18 664 males accounting for 58.8％ and 13 089 females accounting for 41.2％,who were aged 6-78 years old,including 304 people 6-20 years old,18 861 people 21-40 years old,10 451 people 41-60 years old,and 2 137 people 61-78 years old.Totally 27 699 normal ECG (87.2％) and 4 054 abnormal ECG (12.8％) were detected,there were 2 212 males and 1 842 females in the abnormal ECG,the detection rates were 11.9％ (2 212/18 664) and 14.1％ (1 842/13 089) for males and females,respectively.The detection rate of female was significantly higher than that of male (x2 =34.082,P ＜ 0.01).The detection rate of ST-T change in abnormal ECG was the highest,which was 316.5/10 000 (1 005/31 753),men and women were 273.3/10 000 (510/18 664) and 378.2/10 000 (495/13 089),respectively.The detection rate of arrhythmia was 4.8％ (1 523/31 753),including 1 023 males and 500 females,and their detection rate of arrhythmia was 548.1/10 000 (1 023/18 664) and 382.0/10 000 (500/13 089),respectively.In arrhythmia,degree Ⅰ atrioventricular block (155.3/10 000,493/31 753),complete rightbundle branch block (81.6/10 000,259/31 753),ventricular premature beats (79.0/10 000,251/31 753),and atrial premature beats (48.2/10 000,153/31 753) had higher detection rates.Conclusion The detection rate of women of urban residents in Ji'nan is higher than that of men,the most common abnormal ECG is ST-T change,and the detection rate of arrhythmia is low.

Objective To explore the best anticoagulant ratio in SD rats .To analyse the influence of insufficient blood specimens volume on coagulation tests .Methods 60 rats were divided into 2 groups.According to the method of vacuum blood, collect abdominal aortic blood after fasting 12 hours.The first group 20 rats were used only for routine blood test.Fully automatic hematology analyzer detected hematocrit and platelet .The second group 40 rats were used for coagulation test .Every rat was collected 2 blood specimens with different anticoagulant ratio [ the proportion of sodium citrate anticoagulation and the whole blood (vlume∶volume)]1∶9(the control group)and 1∶5( the experimental group),1∶8( the experimental group) and 1∶7( the experimental group).Get plasma without platelet through centrifugation.Fully automatic blood coagulation analyzer detected prothrombin time , activated partial thromboplatin time , thrombin time and Fibrinogen.Results HCT (%) and PLT (x 109/L) in SD rats were respectively 41.7 ±2.9 and 1114 ±173.As anticoagulant ratio was increased ,PT, APTT and TT were extended and FIB was decreased .Compared with the control group ,these PT,APTT,TT,FIB four results of 1∶8 group were not statistically different , of 1∶5 group were statistically different, these PT,APTT,FIB three results of 1∶7 group were not statistically different , TT of 1∶7 group was statistically different.Conclusions The detection of coagulation project coagulation test results were affected by the proportion of anticoagulant and blood .1∶9 was the best anticoagulant ratio in SD rats , 1∶8 can also.Rat had its unique physiological characteristics .The results could provide reference for the evaluation of rats .

OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility and the generalizability of the Remote fitting models of hearing AIDS from primary hospitals. METHOD: we comparative analyzed the speech recognition scores and satisfaction of 45 cases with traditional hearing AID fitting and with a hearing aid remote test respectively. RESULT: 45 cases were analyzed in each group, including traditional hearing AID fitting model and remote test, and 35 recovered in traditional fitting model group, and the recovery rate was 77.8%; Remote fitting model rehabilitation 42 cases, recovery rate was 93.3%, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In 6 weekend wear hearing AIDS, traditional fitting model of speech recognition rate increased by 19.40% on average, the average distance fitting model speech recognition rate increases by 27.47%, the average distance fitting model than traditional fitting the speech recognition rate increased significantly more (8.07%). Effect of hearing aid international questionnaire results suggest: 45 cases using traditional model fitting hearing AIDS patients, 33 cases (73.3%) satisfaction, 12 cases (26.7%) patients after use. Remote and 45 cases of using hearing AIDS fitting model, satisfied with 40 cases (88.9%), 5 cases (11.1%) patients after use. CONCLUSION the curative effect and the satisfaction of remote fitting models of hearing AIDS on hearing impairment are better than that in patients with traditional fitting models. Therefore it is more worthy of clinical application especially in basic level hospitals.
Audiometry ; Hearing Aids ; Hearing Loss ; rehabilitation ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Patient Satisfaction ; Remote Consultation ; Speech Perception ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To investigate the changes of plasma soluble CD40 (sCD40) and soluble CD40L (sCD40L) in patients with chronic renal failure( CRF) and their potiential mechanisms in renal injury and immunodeficiency. Method From September to December 2006, 30 CRF patients without hemodialysis (CRF group) in department of Nephrology and 30 uremic patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis for more than 3 months ( HD group) in dialysis center in Beijing TongRen Hospital of Capital Medical University, were enrolled in this study. The normal control group consisted of 20 healthy volunteers who matched with study subjects for age and gender. The levels of plasma sCD40 and sCD40L were measured by the method of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relationship between sCD40, sCD40L and related factors were analyzed, and the influence of hemodialysis on sCD40 and sCD40L were observed. ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis were used in statistical analysis. Results (1) The sCD40 levels in CRF group and HD group were significantly higher than those in control group(P ＜ 0.01). The sCD40 levels in HD group were also higher than those in CRF group(P ＜ 0.01). (2) The sCD40L levels in CRF group and HD group were significantly higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.01). The sCD40L levels in HD group were slightly higher than those in CRF group, but without significant difference (P ＞ 0.05). (3) In CRF group, the sCD40 levels correlated positively with serum creatinine (Scr) and C-reactive protein(CRP) (r = 0.637,P ＜ 0.01,r = 0.551,P ＜ 0.05). The correlations between sCD40L and Scr and CRT were also seen (r = 0.553, P ＜ 0.05, r = 0.686,P ＜ 0.01), whereas the correlation with blood pressure,hemoglobin (Hb), platelet(PLT), white blood cell(WBC), serum albumin(Alb), glucose (Glu),blood urea nitrogen(Bun)and serum lipid was no seen (P ＞ 0.05). In HI) group, there were no correlations between sCD40,sCD40L and above parameters (P ＞ 0.05), there were also no correlations between sCD40, sCD40L and duration of the treatment by dialysis and dialysis adequacy(Kt/V) (P ＞ 0.05). (4)After one HD session, the post-HD levels of sCD40 were slightly higher than pre-HD levels, but without statistical difference ( P ＞ 0.05). The post-HD levels of sCD40L were obviously lower than pre-HD levels, with significant difference (P ＜ 0.01). Conclusions The levels of sCD40 and sCLMOL in CRF patients,particularly in HD patients, were significantly higher than those of controls, which may participate in pathogenesis of renal injury and immunodeficiency.

Objective To evaluate the photo quality of X-ray films of endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province,and to provide a basis for correct implementation of X-ray examination.Methods Three villages were selected as survey sites in each of the 20 endemic fluorosis counties (cities,districts) of Shandong Province;anteroposterior X-ray films of the villagers forearm(including elbow) and leg(including knee) were taken; 20 films were taken in each village,each film comprising two recording sites.X-ray examination carried out in the 42 patients' villages of 14 counties(cities,districts) were undertaken by the Institute for Endemic Disease Control,Shandong Province,a total of 840 X-ray films shoot,which was edited group A,and the remaining six counties (cities,districts) were undertaken by the local Hospital,shooting X-ray films 360 copies,compiled for group B.The quality of X-ray film examination was determined in accordance with technical requirements and diagnostic indicators.The difference of photo quality between group A and group B was compared at three levels:sub-surface defects photos,structural defects and comprehensive quality.Results In evaluation of surface defects in the photo,the total detection rate of the defects indicators in group A of forearm was 7.98％(67/840),while the rate of leg was 9.77％(82/840).And the rates of group B were 35.27％(127/360) and 39.16％(141/360),respectively,and the differences were statistically significant between the two groups(x2forearm=138.6,P ＜ 0.01 ; x2leg =144.0,P ＜ 0.01).In assessment of structural defects,the total forearm defection rate of group A was 7.14％(60/840),and the leg was 8.33％ (70/840).And the rates of group B were 27.22％ (98/360) and 31.38％ (113/360),respectively.The differences were statistically significant(x2forearm =88.867,P ＜ 0.01; x2leg =103.6,P ＜ 0.01).In the photo quality comprehensive assessment,the excellent rate of forearm in group A was 72.73％(611/840),and the leg was 71.67％ (602/840),while the poor quality rates in the same parts were 9.89％ (83/840) and 11.43％ (96/840),respectively.And the excellent rates of Group B were 44.14％(159/360) and 42.22％(152/360),poor quality rates were 34.74％(125/360) and 38.06％(137/360).The differences were statistically significant(Z value were-20.161 and-16.229,respectively,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions X-ray films taken in the counties (cities,districts) have more defects,and image is poor.The reason for that is that the skill levels of local hospital X-ray technician are low,and photos quality is not strictly followed requirements.Supervision team of professional technicians should be established to provide professional supports.It is more important to take mobile X-ray examination by the provincial institutes,and to provide a reliable technical support.

Objective To investigate the impact of early enteral nutrition on the prognosis of severe head injury patients.Methods According to the different nutritional therapy,160 cases of severe craniocerebral injury patients were randomly divided into two groups using random digit.Two groups of patients were all given similarly conventional methods,the observation group were given early enteral nutrition therapy,the control group were given routine nutrition.CD3+,CD4+,IgE,IgG immune factors were observed after treatment for 10d.Results 10d later,the serum IgG,IgM,IgA in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the conventional nutrition group(t =2.18,3.42,11.23,all P ＜ 0.05),IgE was significantly lower than that in the conventional nutrition group (t =4.76,P ＜ 0.05) ;The serum T-lymphocyte subsets CD3+,CD4+ level in the observation group were higher than those in the conventional nutrition group(t =21.41,5.38,all P ＜ 0.05),the incidence of complications of the observation group was 23.75%,which was significantly lower than 55.00% in the conventional nutrition group(x2 =4.73,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Early enteral nutrition therapy can significantly improve the immunity of severe head injury patients,reduce complications,thereby improve the prognosis and the patient's quality of life.

Objective To detect the expression of human endogeneous retrovirus family W env1 (HERVWE1) in placentas of normal pregnant women and patients with preeclampsia and explore its role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.Methods Fifty-two cases of placental tissues provided by Shandong Maternity Hospital were from iodine deficiency areas (county or city:.Zhangqu, Changqing, Pingyin) of Shandong Province, including 30 cases of preeclampsia placentas as case group, 22 cases of normal term pregnancy placentas as control group.The mRNA expression of HERVWE1, human chorionic somator mammotropin (HCS), chorionic specific transcription factor (GCMa) and amino acyl carrier 2 (ASCT-2) in placentas of the two groups were determined by real-time PCR, and the protein expression of HERVWE1 was determined by Western blotting.Results The mRNA expression levels of HERVWE1 (0.149 ± 0.045 vs.0.409 ± 0.028) and HCS (336.600 ± 50.100 vs.815.600 ± 101.300) in placentas of patients with preeclampsia were significantly lower than those in the control group (t =25.60, 20.40,all P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant difference in GCMa (0.022 ± 0.007 vs.0.024 ± 0.009) and ASCT-2 (0.423 ± 0.050 vs.0.438 ± 0.060) between the two groups (t =0.87, 0.95, all P ＞ 0.05);Western blotting analysis showed that expression of HERVWE1 protein (0.340 ± 0.010 vs.0.580 ± 0.010) in placentas of the case group was lower than that in normal pregnant women (t =85.50, P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression of HERVWE1 is significantly decreased in placentas of the case group and is associated with pathogenesis of preeclampsia.