OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of an aerosol inhalation of Sodium Houttuyfonate injection in accessory treatment of pneumonia.METHODS:Biomedical databases,including Medline,EMbase,The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,CBM-disk and CNKI were searched.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) and quasi-RCTs that compare aerosol inhalation of Sodium Houttuyfonate injection with placebo or other aerosol inhalation regimens were collected.A critical quality assessment and Meta-analysis were performed for included studies.RESULTS:Six RCTs were included and all of them were carried out in China.None of the trials described the method of randomization,allocation concealment,blind,and follow-up.With Junci scales,6 trials scored C degree.Compared with the control group,aerosol inhalation of Sodium Houttuyfonate injection showed significantly higher total improvement rate.We didn't find any RCTs describing the safety of Sodium Houttuyfonate injection aerosol inhalation.CONCLUSION:Because of the low quality of RCTs on Sodium Houttuyfonate injection aerosol inhalation for pneumonia and the lack of RCTs describing the safety of Sodium Houttuyfonate injection aerosol inhalation,no reliable conclusion can be drawn from our Meta-analysis about its efficacy and safety.Well-designed RCTs are urgently needed to evaluate the value and safety of aerosol inhalation of Sodium Houttuyfonate injection in treating pneumonia.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of the icaritin on the human cronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells. Methods The K562 cells at logarithmic growth phase were divided into the control group and the icaritin group. The cells in the control group were normally treated and the cells in the icaritin group were incubated with 8 μmol/L icaritin. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method and flow cytometry were used to examine the proliferation and apoptotic changes in the two groups after incubation for 72 h, respectively. Gene expression of p85 and Akt were detected by RT-PCR. The protein changes of p85, Akt, p-p85, p-Akt cleavage-caspase-3 and caspase-3 were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with the control group, the proliferation rate of K562 cells in the icaritin group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), however the apoptotic rate of K562 cells and the expressions of p-p85, p-Akt, cleavage-caspase-3 in the icaritin group were significantly increased (all P< 0.05), but the expressions of p85 mRNA, Akt mRNA and caspase-3 protein had no difference (all P> 0.05). Conclusion Icaritin could induce the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of K562 cell, and its mechanism may be achieved through activating the PI3K-Akt signal transduction pathway.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the situation of drug use and occurrence of side effects of drug interactions in the inpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).METHODS:54 medical charts of the inpatients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Tsinghua University diagnosed as having COPD from Oct.2006 to Feb.2007 were randomly collected for analyses of patients' basic information drug utilization.RESULTS:The COPD patients received more than 8 kinds of drugs simultaneously in more then 20% of their hospital days.Side effects of drug interaction occurred in 70% of them.CONCLUSION:The study shows that the drug use in the COPD inpatients is characterized by excessive drug kinds and high incidences of drug interactions,therefore,it is urgent to take further intervention measures on drug use in COPD inpatients.

ve To evaluate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA and HO-1 protein expression in isolated rat thoracic aorta (TA) and pulmonary tissue (PT), trying to explain the mechanism of different patho-physiological changes of systemic and pulmonary circulation in septic shock. Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats of either sex weighing 250-400g were sacrificed by cervical spine dislocation. Thoracic aorta and lung tissue were removed under aseptic condition. They were randomly divided into four groups of six animals each: control group (C) and three test groups in which TA and PT were incubated with LPS (1?g?ml-1) for 3h (group LPS3), 8h(group LPS8) and 24h (group LPS24) respectively. HO-1 mRNA expression and HO-1 protein expression in TA and PT were detected by RT-PCR and Western Blot. Results (1) As compared with that in group C, HO-1 protein expression in TA reached peak level in group LPS3, and the peak level was maintained in groups LPS8 and LPS24; while in PT HO-1 protein expression started increasing in group LPS3 and peaked in group LPS8 and tended to decline in group LPS24 but the difference in HO-1 protein expression between group C and LPS 24 was still significant. (2) As compared with that in control group, the HO-1 mRNA expression in TA peaked in LPS3, the peak level was maintained in LPS 8, but it returned to baseline level in LPS 24; while in PT HO-1 mRNA expression started increasing in LPS 3 and peaked in LPS 8 and returned to baseline level in LPS 24. Conclusions LPS can significantly enhance HO-1 mRNA and protein expression in isolated rat thoracic aorta and pulmonary tissue but the time-course is somewhat different between the two tissues. This may explain the different patho-physiologic changes of systemic and pulmonary circulation in septic shock.

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of LY367385 on impairment of cultured mouse cerebral cortical neurons induced by sodium glutamate (Glu) or oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD).MethodsNeuron damage induced by Glu or OGD, as well as the action of (S)-(+)-a-amino-4-carboxy-2-methylbenzeneacetic acid (LY367385) were measured by determining the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from neurons. Immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescent methods were used to detect the expression of anti-mGluR1α. Morphological observation of primary cortical neurons was performed by phase contrast microscope.ResultsFollowing the exposure to 0.1 mmol/L Glu for 1 h or OGD for 1 h, LDH leakage from neurons obviously increased (P< 0.01 ). 50 mmol/L LY367385, when co-incubated with Glu or OGD, markedly reduced the LDH leakage (P<0.01). The 24-h leakage of LDH was increased from cells exposed to 0.1 mmol/L Glu for 15 min. Pre-and post-treatment with LY367385 (50 mmol/L ) decreased the leakage of LDH. The cultured neurons expressed mGluR1α.ConclusionLY367385 has protective effect on neurons damaged by Glu or OGD. It may be related to antagonizing mGluR1α.

Bone marrow infiltration in lymphoma is crucial to the disease diagnosis,staging,treatment options and prognostic evaluation.Although bone marrow biopsy is the main detecting method,it has high false negative rate.At present,18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18 F-FDG PET-CT) technology which is integrating morphological characteristics with metabolic function provides a new way for the diagnosis,staging and prognostic evaluation of bone marrow infiltration in lymphoma due to its advantages of high sensitivity,high specificity and functional image.

Objective To obtain the shear wave velocity(SWV) in breast tumors at different probe orientations.Methods SWV was measured on 92 breast tumors in 48 female patients with the probe placed on transverse,longitudinal and 45 degree planes.Pathological test results were followed up.Results Pathological tests showed benign tumors in 48 patients (92 tumors).Of the three planes,values of the biggest and the smallest SWV showed significant difference (P ＜0.001).Conclusions SWV differs on different planes of breast tumors.So the effect in different probe orientations should be considered using SWV for the differential diagnosis of breast tumors.

Objective To understand the combined effects of selenium (Se), germanium (Ge) on the level of Ca, Mg, Zn in the tissues of rats exposed to fluoride(F). Methods SD rats were divided into 5 groups and respectively treated with distilled water(control), 100 mg NaF/L(through drinking water), based on the fluoride treatment, Se, Ge were respectively given by gavage at the doses of 0.1 mg Na2SeO3/(kg?d), 10 mg Ge-132/(kg?d) and 0.1 mg Na2SeO3/(kg?d) plus 10 mg Ge-132/(kg?d) for 90 days. The body weight, activity, and general state were observed. The content of Ca,Mg,Zn in the serum,liver and kidneys were determined by flame atomization method. The content of F was detected by ion chromatography. Results The body weight in F+Se, F+Ge and F+Se+Ge groups were higher than that in F group and lower than that in the control group. The content of F in the liver, kidney in F+Se, F+Ge groups were higher than that in F+Se+Ge group(P

Objective To evaluate the effect of lidocaine on B cell lymphoma 2 gene (Bcl 2) and CPP32 protein expressions of hippocampus CA1 neurons after transient global cerebral ischemia Both genes are closely related to the development of apoptosis Methods Twenty four healthy adult rabbits weighing (3 0?0 2)kg were randomly divided into three groups: sham operative group (SH group, n=6); ischemia group (IS group, n=9) received normal saline 1 5ml I V 5min before ischemia and lidocaine group (LI group, n=9) received 2% lidocaine 10 ml/kg I V 5 min before ischemia Global cerebral ischemia was induced by the occlusions of bilateral common carotid and vertebral arteries All the rabbits were decapitated 24 h after ischemia and brain tissue was removed immediately Expressions of Bcl 2 and CPP32 proteins of hippocampus CA1 neurons were detected by immunoblotting Results Expression of Bcl 2 in IS group and LI group increased significantly as compared with that in SH group (P

This article points out that the key of studying classics of Chinese medicine and Yijing is to precisely comprehend cultural information in these books. There are 3 key points about prehension and interpretation. The first one is correct identification and differentiation of specific cultural connotation as basic carrier of ancient cultural information,such as language,characters,symbols and figures. The second one is comprehensive understanding of the complex relationship among infiltrated cultural information of encyclopedia. The third one is accurate master of cultural information during the process of academic development.