Objective To investigate the protective effects of isoflurane preconditioning plus mild hypothermia on isolated rat hearts against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods Fifty male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n = 10 each): group Ⅰ control (group C); group Ⅱ I/R; group Ⅲ isoflurane preconditioning (group P); group Ⅳ mild hypothermia (group M) and group Ⅴ isoflurane preconditioning + mild hypothermia (group PM). The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital 40 mg/kg. The hearts were immediately removed and perfused with Krebs-Hensleit (K-H) solution aerated with 95% O2 and 5% CO2 at 10 kPa via aorta at 37℃ in a Langendorff apparatus. The hearts were made globally ischemic for 30 min followed by 60 min reperfusion in group Ⅱ-Ⅴ. In group P and PM the hearts were perfused with K-H solution saturated with 1.0% isoflurane for 15 min followed by 15 min washout before ischemia.In group M and PM the hearts were made ischemic at 31 ℃ and perfused at 37℃. LVEDP, LVSP, dp/dtmax,dp/dtmm and HR were measured after equilibration (baseline), immediately before ischemia, and at 30 and 60 min reperfusion. The infarct size and cytochrome C level in cytoplasm and mitochondria of myocytes were measured.Motochondrial ultrastructure was examined using electron microscope. Results Cardiac function was significantly better, the infarct size significantly smaller, the cytochrome C level in cytoplasm significantly lower, while the cytochrome C level in mitochondria of myocytes significantly higher in group Ⅲ-Ⅴ than in group Ⅱ and in group Ⅴ than in group Ⅲ. The cytochrome C level in cytoplasm was significantly lower, while the cytochrome C level in mitochondria of myocytes significantly higher in group Ⅴ than in group Ⅳ. Less damage to mitochondria was observed in group PM than in group I/R, P and M. Conclusion Isoflurane preconditioning combined with mild hypothermia provides better protection against myocardial I/R injury by attenuating the release of cytochrome C from mitochrondria.

T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL),which is biologically similar to T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),and occurs most frequently in childhood and adolescence.T-LBL progresses fast.The treatment of LBL with conventional chemotherapy regimens for NHL has shown relatively low rates of complete remission and of disease-free survival.Now,it is reasonable to treat patients with LBL with the current ALL-type protocols,and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may yield a more favorable overall survival (OS) in T-LBL patients,especial in relapsed or refractory LBL patients.

Natural killer (NK) cells are key members of the innate immune system.The capability of NK cells to kill hematological tumor cells mainly depends on the synthesis of stimulatory and inhibitory signals on the cells surface.In recent years,allogeneic haplo-identical NK cells have shown positive effect of hematologic tumor in hematologic stem cell transplantation and adoptive immunotherapy,and the natural killer cell-based immunotherapy would be applied in clinic.

Objective To explore the influence of immune and nutrition therapy on the rehabilitation of patients with severe traumatic brain injury.Methods According to the different nutritional therapy,80 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were divided into the control group and observation group,each group 40 cases.The patients of the two groups were all given similarly conventional methods,and the observation group were given immune nutrition therapy,the control group were given routine nutrition therapy.After 14d,30d treattnent,nutritional status of the two groups were observed.Barthel Index,Fugl-Meyer score of the two groups of patients and recovery of neurological function were compared 3 months after treatment.Results After treatment,ALB and TF increased significantly (t =5.75,6.38,1.27,2.63,all P ＜ 0.05) ；ALB and TF in the observation group 14 d and 30 d after treatment were significantly higher than those of the control group (t =11.26,6.53,1.27,1.68,all P ＜ 0.05).After 3 months of treatment between the two groups,the clinical efficacy of the observation group was 60.00％,which was better than that of control group(37.50％) (χ2 =9.67,P ＜ 0.05),the differences of Barthel Index and,Fugl-Meyer score were statistically significant (t =3.24,2.88,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The immune and nutritional therapy can significantly promote the neurological function recovery of patients with severe traumatic brain injury,so as to improve the prognosis and the patients's quality of life.

There were 17 literatures related to the clinical applications of natural killer cells in hematological diseases in the 18th annual meeting of the European Hematology Association (EHA).Here an overview of these literatures is given that helps to tnderstand how natural killer cells can be explored for future clinical interventions.

Sequential monitoring of chimerism after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is important for disease prognosis, improving transplantation success rate, and reducing relapses of the original diseases. The application of molecular genetic markers in combination with quantitative PCR to the assessment of chimerism,in particularly the dynamic quantitative analysis of lineage-specific chimerism, can provide important guidance for clinical practice.

18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18 F-FDG PET/CT) and bone marrow biopsy (BMB) have high consistency in the detection of lymphoma bone marrow infiltration (BMI).18F-FDG PET/CT has a high sensitivity to Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) BMI,while the sensitivity of indolent NHL is low.Since 18F-FDG PET/CT may appears false positive or false negative,so it can not replace the conventional BMB.We can carry out a BMB under the guidance of 18F-FDG PET/CT,which can greatly improve the detection rate of BMI.

There were 417 scientific articles on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the 54th annual meeting of American Society of Hematology (ASH),including 46 articles on lymphoma.This article reviews latest research on non-myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for the treatment non-Hodgkin' s lymphoma presented in the meeting.

There are 5 literatures related to the clinical applications of cancer vaccination in hematologieal malignancies in the 18th annual meeting of the European Hematology Association (EHA).This article provides an overview of these literatures that helps to understand how cancer vaccination can be explored for future clinical interventions.

Objective We detected the expression of the low risk HPV6/11 and the high risk HPV16/18 in cervical lesions in order to investigate the correlativity,mechanism and clinical values between them.Methods We chosed 150 cases of cervical disease tissues that included chronic cervicitis (30 cases).cervieal condyloma without atypia(30 cases),CIN Ⅰ(30 cases),CIN Ⅲ(30 cases)and cervical squamous cell carcinoma (30 cases).And all of them were constructed into tissue microarrays(TMA)that include 300 spots.Then,the expression of HPV6/11 and HPV16/18 were determined by in situ hybridization.Results The positive expression rates of HPV6/11 were 13.33%,90%,33.33%,0 and 0 respectively in chronic cervicitis,cervical condyloma without atypia,CIN Ⅰ,CIN Ⅲ and cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Condyloma showed significantly higher HPV6/11 infection rates than the other groups(P＜0.001).And there were obvious dliference between CIN Ⅰ and CIN Ⅲ & carcinoma (P=0.001.＜0.05).The spearman correlation analysis suggested that the expression of HPV6/11 in the five cervical deseases was negative correlation (rs=-0.037,P＜0.001).The positive rates of HPV16/18 were 0,6.67%,10%.56.67%.76.67% respectively in chronic cervicitis,cervical condyloma without atypia,CIN Ⅰ,CIN Ⅲ and cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Comparing CIN Ⅲ and carcinoma with the other groups,the positive rates were obvious defrerence between them (P＜0.001).But there was not significant defference between CIN Ⅲ and carcinoma (P=0.10).The spearman correlation analysis suggested that the expression of HPV16/18 in the five cervical deseases was positive correlation (rs=0.628,P＜0.001).Conclusion Low risk HPV6/11 is a main reason for the cervical condyloma and CIN Ⅰ.High risk HPV16/18 is closely related with CIN Ⅲ and carsinoma.and also a main reason for CIN Ⅲ and carcinoma.Detecting and differentiating HPV type will help for the diagnosis and monitor of cervical lesions,especially,it will be very important to prophylaxis,early diagnosis and early therapy of cervical carcinoma.