Objective To detect the changes of cell proliferation and IFN-γsusceptibility of human pancreatic can-cer cells after suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS1) gene silencing, and to explore the SOCS1 as the target of anti-tu-mor therapy through enhancing the function of IFN-γ. Methods Western blot assay, PCR and real-time PCR were used to verify the down regulation of SOCS1 in human pancreatic cancer cell (PANC1) after transfection;subsequently, PANC1 was stimulated with IFN-γ. Western blot assay was also used to detect the expression of signal transducers and activators of tran-scription (STAT)1 and phosphorylation STAT(pSTAT)1;and the change of IFN-γsusceptibility was detected by MTT assay. Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA of interferon regulatory factor-1(IRF-1). Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle. Results The expression levels of SOCS1 mRNA and protein were significantly decreased in small hairpin SCOS1 (shSOCS1) transfected PANC1 cells. After the silence of SOCS1, the expression levels of IRF-1 and pSTAT1 in-creased significantly (P<0.05), and the median inhibitory concentration(IC50)of IFN-γfor PANC1 cells decreased signifi-cantly (P<0.01). The cell count of shSOCS1 cells dropped significantly compared with that of control group after the SOCS1 silencing for 72 hours (P<0.05). The cell cycle arrest was promoted at the G0/G1 phase, but the percentage of cells in S phase and G2/M decreased compared to that of control groups (P<0.05). Conclusion After the inhibition of SOCS1 gene expression, the proliferation ability of human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC1 decreased, and the sensitivity of PANC1 cells to IFN-γwas enhanced.

The reform in cultivating professional-degree programs in Clinical Medicine Education contributes to the transformation of training mode, which surpasses the connotative bounds of the inherent education management. The personalized training of students has made it more challenging for both the tutor and the faculty to involve in education management, the effectiveness of which is highly valued due to the pressing need for sound medical ethics. Furthermore, the development of information technology calls for the reform of education management as well as the emphasis of student-centered approach. This article summa-rizes the existing problems of current education management mode for master degree programs of profes-sional clinical medical education. In addition, a three-level management system composed of medical experts is brewed and put forth. This system, based on compensation and restraint, assessment and incentive, ser-vice as well as security, is meant to facilitate the training of application-oriented medical talents.

Objective To compare the clinical effects of different labor induction methods in the termination of intermediate pathological pregnancy. Methods From January 2015 to December 2016,ninety?two cases of intermediate ( 11-16 weeks ) pathological pregnancy were treated in Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. The patients were treated with different intermediate labor induction program to terminate their pregnancy. Among them,29 cases were treated with mifepristone combined with water bag abortion ( group A) ,47 patients with mifepristone and misoprostol induction( group B) ,16 cases with single rivanol ( group C) . The successful rate of labor induction and the labor induction related indexes ( the onset time of contraction,the total duration of labor,the total amount of bleeding in the hospital,the volume of bleeding in the perioperative period) , the rate of postpartum re?curettage and the adverse events after birth of the two groups were compared. Results The successful rates of labor induction in the three groups were 93. 10% (27/29),100%(47/47) and 87. 50% (14/16) respectively,the difference among the groups was statistically significant (χ2=8. 502,P<0. 05). The onset time in group A was (4. 61±2. 15) h,in group B it was (3. 68±2. 10) h,in group C it was (5. 85±2. 30) h,the difference among the 3 groups was statistically significant (F=6. 05,P =0. 025). The total duration of labor in group A was (10. 45±3. 21) h,in group B was (7. 50±3. 40) h,in group C was (14. 60±4. 89) h,the difference among the 3 groups was statistically significant (F=7. 48,P =0. 013). The total hospitalization time in group A was (4. 70 + 2. 33) d,in group B was (2. 80±1. 7) d,in group C was (6. 05±2. 50) d,the difference among the 3 groups was statistically significant (F=10. 23,P =0. 011). The perioperative bleeding volume in group A,B,C were (64. 88±20. 50) ml,(40. 10±15. 26) ml,(91. 50±31. 73) ml,respectively,the difference was statistically significant (F=8. 70,P=0. 020). The rate of postpartum re?curettage in group A was 7 cases (24. 10%),in group B was 6 cases (12. 80%),in the group C was 9 cases ( 56. 30%) ,the difference was statistically significant (χ2=20. 40,P=0. 003) . The incidence of adverse events in group A and group B were all 0,and in the group C,it was 3 cases ( 18. 75%) ,the difference was statistically significant (χ^2= 40. 00, P<0. 001 ) . Conclusion The pathological pregnancy should be terminated by induction of mifepristone combined with misoprostol, the operation is simple, safe and effective, and the implementation is feasible in the outpatient operation room of obstetrics and gynecology department.

Objective To analyze the molecular cytogenetic abnormalities and pathogenesis of pediatric Burkitt lymphoma (BL) by array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH).Methods First,immunophenotype,molecular genetics and EB virus (EBV) infection status were detected using immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization in 21 pediatric BL patients.Second,in addition to detecting genome-wide genetic gain/deletion status,aCGH results with EBV infection status were also correlated.Results aCGH results showed genetic alterations in 19 cases (90.5 ％).Generally,frequency of chromosomal gain was higher than chromosomal deletion.The regions of frequently-occurring small DNA genomic fragment gains (≥40 ％ cases) were 3q21.1,5p13.2,19q13.32,12q23.1,14q32.33,6q27,20p13 and 20p11.21.Large DNA fragment gains and deletions could be detected in 42.9 ％ (9/21) cases in the 14q24.2 and 14q32.33 regions.There was no significant difference in genetic alterations between EBV (+) and EBV (-) BL cases (P≥0.05).Conclusion aCGH results show that BL cases have complex genetic alterations,which have no significant difference between EBV(+) and EBV(-) cases.Most BL cases show large DNA segment deletion or acquisition of 14q,indicating that 14q gene alteration plays an important role in the pathogenesis of BL.

Objective To investigate the effects of valproic acid ( VPA ) on SD rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ( EAE) and its possible immunomodulatory mechanism .Meth-ods Fifty female Sprague-Dawley ( SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups by random digit table , including control group (n=10), EAE group(n=10), low dose VPA treated group (100 mg/kg, n=10), median dose VPA treated group (300 mg/kg, n=10) and high dose VPA treated group (600 mg/kg, n=10).The SD rat model of EAE was induced by immunizing with a guinea pigs′spinal cord homogenate (GPSCH).Normal saline and various doses of VPA were given to rats in according groups twice a day from day 0 to day 19 ( close to the peak stage of EAE ) .The severity of EAE was scored according to the signs and symptoms.Pathological changes were observed through Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, and then the degrees of inflammatory infiltration were evaluated .The numbers of activated neuroglia that expressed Iba-1 in cerebral and lumber cords were counted by immunohistochemistry .The expression of IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-10 in cer-ebral and lumber cords were measured by ELISA .Results Compared with EAE group , rats in the low, me-dian and high dose VPA treated groups had lower incidence of EAE and prolonged latency , but only the me-dian dose treated group showed significant alleviation in clinical symptoms (P<0.05).Both the median and the high dose treated group showed decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in CNS (P<0.05).Immunohisto-chemistry results showed that the numbers of activated microglia were significantly inhibited in rats treated with median and high dose of VPA in comparison with those in EAE group (P<0.05).Results of ELISA demonstrated that the expression of IFN-γand IL-17 in both median and high dose VPA treated groups were significantly decreased compared with those in EAE group (P<0.05), but only the median dose treated group showed a remarkably increased expression of IL-10 (P<0.05).Conclusion VPA, especially medi-um dose of VPA ( 300 mg/kg ) , had neuroprotective effects on rats with EAE .The possible mechanism might be associated with the inhibited activation of microglia and the increased percentage of anti -inflammato-ry cytokines .

Objective To select the ultrasonic appearances which effect the benign and malignant of thyroid lesions,and to explore the establishment and applications of supersonic evaluation system for thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) classification.Methods The ultrasound images of 1 080 thyroid nodule cases were retrospectively analyzed by Logistic equation,and the ultrasonic appearances were screened to identify benign and malignant of thyroid lesions.All appearances were obtained weights.The TI-RADS classification analysis software was assigned,which was used to analyze 332 patients with thyroid diseases and to verify the diagnostic performance of the TI-RADS classification system.Results Five ultrasonic features were selected into the regression model,including aspect ratio (odds ratio [OR]=3.61),margins (OR=3.83),composition (OR=11.46),echogenicity (OR=14.12),microcalcification foci (OR =48.82).Using objective evaluation system for TI-RADS classification in ultrasound in diagnosing 332 cases,the area under the ROC curve was 0.91 (P＜0.05).Conclusion Relatively the weight and formation of malignant indicators should be more concern than the number of ultrasonic malignant thyroid lesions indicators.The objective evaluation system for TI-RADS classification in ultrasound has relatively high diagnosis capability which established by the methods of Logistic equation.

Objective To assess the effect of neutrophil?to?lymphocyte ratio ( NLR) on the recurrence rate of patients with alpha?fetoprotein (AFP) ?negative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the value of NLR in predicting prognosis. Methods The clinical data of seventy?seven patients diagnosed with AFP?negative HCC and treated with hepatocellular carcinoma surgery in the First Hospital in Weinan from June 2015 to March 2017 were analyzed. According to the recurrence at the end of the follow?up, the patients were divided into the recurrence group and the non?recurrence group. Cox single factor analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the clinicopathological features and postoperative recurrence, and the clinical risk factors with statistically significance in the univariate analysis were placed in the Cox multivariate regression analysis to determine whether it is independent risk factor. Results The differences between the two groups in the number of tumors (31/15,28/3),tumor size (>5 cm) (5. 53±1. 83,4. 65±1. 73),portal vein tumor thrombus (18/28,2/29),microvascular invasion (14/32,2/29) were all statistically significant (P<0. 05). Cox univariate analysis showed that preoperative NLR levels ( RR=1. 125, 95%CI 1. 052-1. 203, P=0. 029 ) , tumor number ( RR=0. 943,95%CI 1. 007-1. 330, P=0. 019 ) , tumor size (>5 cm ) ( RR=0. 550, 95%CI 0. 316-0. 956, P=0. 038),portal vein tumor thrombus (RR=1. 294,95%CI 1. 208-1. 386,P=0. 022),microvascular invasion (RR=1. 575,95%CI1. 209-2. 052,P=0. 028) were the risk factors of postoperative recurrence. Cox regression model showed that tumor number (RR=1. 830,95%CI 1. 184-2. 828,P=0. 026),portal vein tumor thrombus ( RR=2. 860,95%CI 2. 062-3. 968,P=0. 001) ,microvascular invasion ( RR=1. 760,95%CI 1. 019-3. 041,P=0. 037) and preoperative NLR level ( RR=1. 890,95%CI 1. 056-3. 383,P=0. 028) were independent risk factors of the recurrence in AFP negative HCC patients after surgery. Among the 77 patients,46 cases were in the recurrent group, the average value of NLR was 3. 49 ± 0. 30, and the average preoperative NLR of the non?recurrence group ( 31 patients ) were 3. 01 ± 0. 30, the difference between the two groups in NLR value was statistically significant (t=-6. 885,P=0. 000). According to the ROC curve,the NLR=3. 17 corresponded to the maximum Youden index,the sensitivity of NLR was 82. 6%,the specificity was 67. 7%. Conclusion The preoperative NLR level is inversely proportional to the recurrence?free survival time of patients with AFP?negative HCC,which is one of the independent risk factors for recurrence. The optimal critical value of NLR is 3. 17.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of human papillomavirus L1 capsid protein detection in cervical exfoliated cells in high-risk HPV positive women. Methods From November 2012 to June 2013,386 high-risk HPV positive (detected by hybrid capture Ⅱ) cases were enrolled as eligible women from Huzhou Maternity&Child Care Hospital and Women′s Hospital,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. All eligible women underwent liquid-based cytology (ThinPrep) followed by colposcopy. Biopsies were taken if indicated. Cervical exfoliated cells were collected for HPV L1 capsid protein detection by immunocytochemistry. Expression of HPV L1 capsid protein in groups with different histological diagnosis were compared, and the role of HPV L1 capsid protein detection in cervical exfoliated cells in cervical lesions screening was accessed. Results Total 386 enrolled eligible women were finally diagnosed histologically as follwed:162 normal cervix, 94 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), 128 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and 2 squamous cervical cancer (SCC). The positive expression rate of HPV L1 in HSIL+(HSIL or worse) group was significantly lower than that in LSIL-(LSIL or better) group (19.2% vs 66.4%,P=0.000). While identifying HSIL+ in HPV positive cases and compared with cytology, HPV L1 detection resulted in significant higher sensitivity (80.77%vs 50.77%,P=0.000) and negative predictive value (NPV;87.18% vs 76.47%,P=0.004), significant lower specificity (66.41% vs 81.25%,P=0.000),and comparable positive predictive value (PPV;54.97% vs 57.89%, P=0.619). To identify HSIL+in HPV-positive/cytology-negative women, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of HPV L1 detection were 87.50%, 61.54%, 41.18%, and 94.12%respectively, while 80.00%, 86.36%, 80.00%and 86.36%respectively in HPV-positive/atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance(ASCUS)women. Conclusions HPV L1 capsid detection in cervical exfoliated cells have a role in cervical lesions screening in high-risk HPV positive women, and may be a promising triage for high-risk HPV-positive/cytology-negative or ASCUS women.

Objective To provide a basis for humanity education in the university by a survey of clinical graduates' recognition of humanity education and humanity curriculum. Method An anony-mous questionnaire was adopted and 514 questionnaires were distributed to the 2014 clinical gradu-ates in Peking University Health Science Center about their understanding of humanity education and humanity curriculum. The investigation data was double entried in Epidata 3.1, apply SPSS 19.0 to make the descriptive analysis, chi-square test. Results 69.3% (167/241) students believed humanity education enhanced their professionalism and competency;52.7%(127/241) students believed humanity education enhanced their doctor-patient communication; 36.4% (174/478) students believed their hu-manity knowledge came from their instructors' personal example and teaching;31.1%(149/479) students said the best way of humanity education was through social practice;59.7%(286/479) students consid-ered the combination of classroom lecturing and discussion as the best way to humanity education. As to the major weaknesses in humanities education, 46.9%(113/241) students chose insufficient curriculum, 23.2%(56/241) chose lack of practical value and 23.7%(57/241) chose monotonous teaching methods;Conclusion The best approach to humanities teaching is to combine class lecture with class discus-sion. Besides, hidden curriculum also contributes to humanity education. The enhancement of clinical graduates education relies heavily on humanity education and its emphasis should be laid on the training of humanity teachers, the study of humanity curriculum and learning from other universities.

Objective To explore the expressions of Smad4 and estrogen receptor (ER) and their interrelation,and the relationship with the clinicopathological features of breast cancer.Methods The immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expressions of Smad4 and ER in 50 case of invasive cancer,12 cases of carcinoma in situ and 15 cases of normal breast tissues.The differences in different clinical stages,differentiation degrees and nodal metastases were analyzed.The correlation between Smad4 and ER was explored.Results The positive expression rate of Smad4 in invasive cancer was 52.00％,which lower than that in normal breast tissue (93.33％),with a significant difference (x2 =8.329,P =0.004),positive expression rates of ER were 60.00％ and 40.00％ respectively,with no significant difference (x2 =1.868,P =0.172).The positive expression rates of Smad4 in carcinoma in situ and invasive cancer were 75.00％ and 52.00％ respectively,with no significant difference (x2 =2.082,P =0.149).The positive expression rates of ER were 58.33％ and 60.00％ respectively,with no significant difference (x2 =0.011,P =0.916).The positive expression of Smad4 was related to the TNM stage (x2 =6.392,P =0.011) and the lymph node metastasis (x2 =6.738,P =0.009),but it was not associated with the histologic grade (x2 =0.542,P =0.462).The positive expression of ER was related to the lymph node metastasis (x2 =4.133,P =0.042) and histologic grade (x2 =5.357,P =0.021),but it was not associated with the TNM stage (x2 =1.159,P =0.282).There was positive correlation between Smad4 and ER in breast cancer tissue (r =0.263,P =0.032).Conclusion Smad4 is expressed at lower level in breast cancer than in normal breast tissue.The expressions of Smad4 and ER are related to the different clinicopathological features of breast cancer with positive correlation.