Objective]Summarizing the thinking and experience for pediatric diseases of Zhi Yu QiaoKe. [Method]Analyse and induce the contents of“Clear-headed of Pediatric”, which was written by Zhi Yu QiaoKe ,elaborating his characteristics in treating pediatric diseases features.[Results]Zhi Yu QiaoKe amended the treatments and academic point of views, which were not conformed to the medical principles and practice proved to be errors, proposed“the differentiation of infantile convulsion of error theory”,“not hungry theory”; he considered that clinical cure, then pathogenesis diagnosis was accurate;medication must be care of primordial qi and spleen and stomach;in addition, we still should also focus on nursing and adhere to the taboo. [Conclusion]The Clear-headed Pediatric with precise arguments and appropriate classification reflects the author ’s advanced medical theory and excellent medication principle of dialectical thinking, rigorous medication principle and exquisite nursing technique, the clinical diagnosis and treatment rules and characteristics of a certain reference value for the modern clinical, worthy of promotion.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the observation and nursing points of hemorrhage in intravenous thrombolysis after using alteplase. METHODS:128 patients underwent alteplase intravenous thrombolysis were selected as the research object. The occur-rence of hemorrhage in each part were observed within 48 hours after medication and nursed timely. RESULTS:128 patients re-ceived intravenous thrombolysis. 48 h later,26 patients suffered from hemorrhage complications (20.3%). Among them,there were 6 cases of nose bleeding (4.7%),8 cases of subcutaneous congestion (6.3%),6 cases of gingival bleeding (4.7%) and 6 cases of gastrointestinal bleeding(4.7%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications among those groups (P>0.05). The time of nose bleeding was (3.2 ± 1.3) h,the time of subcutaneous congestion (3.5 ± 1.2)h,the time of gingival bleeding(1.5±0.7)h,and the time of gastrointestinal bleeding(4.1±1.8)h. The time of gingival bleeding was earlier than that of other groups,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference among other groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:In alteplase intravenous thrombolysis,nurses should closely monitor hemorrhage and complications, especially the complication of gingival bleeding. Find out the complications timely and nurse it as early as possible.

Objective To investigate the ability of immune response of cotransfection of rat breast cancer cells with MIP-1αand B7-1 .Methods Tumor growth was observed every day after the SHZ-88 breast cancer cells were inoculated in the rats .The tumor-bearing rats were randomly divided into control group ,MIP-1αgroup ,B7-1 group and combination group ,which were injected with corresponding transgenic cells .The change of tumor volume in 1~4 weeks and the survival time were observed and compared .The peripheral blood was collected .CD4+ ,CD8+ percentage and CD4+ /CD8+ ratio and the levels of IL-2 and IFN-γof the peripheral blood were detected and compared .Results The tumorigenic rate were 100% ,20% ,30% and 0% after the SD rats were inoculated with SHZ-88 ,SHZ-88/MIP-1α,SHZ-88/B7-1 and SHZ-88/MIP-1α+B7-1 cells for 10 days .After the transgenic therapy ,the tumor volume of the combination group in 1~4 weeks were significantly smaller than the other groups .The survival time of the combina-tion group was significantly longer than the other groups .The CD4+ ,CD8+ percentage and CD4+ /CD8+ ratio and the levels of IL-2 and IFN-γof peripheral blood in the combination group were significantly higher than the other groups .The differences above were all statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Cotransfection of MIP-1αand B7-1 could induce immune response in breast cancer rats and play anti-cancer effects .

Background and purpose:MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miR) are directly involved in cancer initiation, progression and metastasis. Alterations of miRNAs expression in cancer tissue may be reflected in circulation. We attempted to investigate the expression and clinical signiifcance of plasma miR-221 in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The plasma and tissues levels of miR-221 in 51 SCLC patients and 20 controls were evaluated and compared among various clinicopathological characteristics. Methods: Confirmation of higher miR-221 levels in primary SCLC tissues than normal lung tissues. Evaluation of plasma miR-221 concentrations by comparing results from 51 consecutive SCLC patients and 20 healthy volunteers. Evaluation of the assay for monitoring tumour dynamics in SCLC patients. Results:Expression of miR-221 was signiifcantly higher in SCLC tissues than in para-carcinoma tissues and normal lung tissues. Plasma miR-221 concentrations were signiifcantly higher in SCLC patients than those in normal people (P<0.05). The expression of plasma miR-221 was not associated with gender, and age (P>0.05), correlated with significantly chemosensitivity, overall survival and clinical stage (P<0.05). Cox regression analysis indicated that plasma miR-221 expression and disease stage were found to be significantly independent prognostic factors for the SCLC patients. Conclusion: Plasma miR-221 could be a useful biomarker for cancer detection, monitoring tumour dynamics and predicting malignant outcomes in SCLC patients, and may contribute to clinical decision making in treatments.

The authors hold that factors affecting the quality of hospital network data include ideologies of relevant personnel, state of the administrative organization, quality of the staff, standardization level of data, level of the software used, interdepartmental cooperation, feedback of test data, and mechanism of supervisory control. Only by taking corresponding measures can the quality of network data be constantly improved.

Objective To explore the clinical epidemiological characteristics of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Methods By using the clinical epidemiological study methods, the clinical epidemiological characteristics of GIST in Shanxi province from 2000 to 2005 were investigated and analyzed. Results A total of 181 cases of GIST was found from January 2000 to December 2005. The new cases increased every year, and all of them belonged to the Han nationality. There was no statistical significance between the two sexes. The ages were between 18 to 80 years, and the median age was 57 years. The disease incidence increased along with the increase of age. More cases were found in Taiyuan, Changzhi and Jinzhong city, and most of them lived in the downtown area. GIST may occur in any part of the digestive tract, and the predilection sites were stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum and esophagus. 76.83 % of them were in the gastrointestinal tract, the other 23.17 % were not. The commonest symptoms and physical signs were dysphagia, nausea, vomiting, abdominalgia, abdominal distension, abdominal mass and magersucht. As to the histological types, 70.30 % were spindle cell type, 12.10 % were epithelial cell type, and 17.60 % were mixed cell type. As to the karyokinesis, 49.50 %≤5, 36.30 % was 6~10, and 14.30 %≥10. The immunological expression was as follows: CD117 was 80.20 %, CD34 was 67 %, and no positive expression was found on MCK. Conclusions GIST is a rare tumor, and was sporadic in the populations. The clinical incidence of GIST showed a tendency of gradual increase.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value, patients' tolerance and complications of double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in the diagnosis of small intestinal diseases. Methods During May 2003 to July 2005, a total of 68 patients (36 men, 32 women; mean age of 52. 6 years, range 15-78 years) with suspected small intestinal diseases were performed double-balloon enteroscopy (36 via mouth, 25 via anus and 7 via both mouth and anus according to suspected lesion location). Among them, obscure recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding was found in 39 cases, incomplete small intestinal obstruction in 7 cases, chronic abdominal pain in 14 cases, and chronic diarrhea in 8 cases. Results Approximately one half to three-fourth of the entire small intestine was observed by each approach in all cases except for 3 cases of severe intestinal stricture. The observation of the whole small intestine was finished by the combination of both oral and anal approaches in 7 cases. The appropriate use of X-ray made the enteroscopy easier and more helpful to determine the extent and location of the lesions. The lesions were found in 41 of the 68 patients, with a total positive rate of 60. 3%. The diagnostics yields was 26/39(62. 6%) in obscure recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding, 5 in incomplete intestinal obstruction, 6/14(43%) in chronic abdominal pain and 4 in chronic diarrhea, respectively. Fifty-seven cases (83. 8%) tolerated well without anesthesia while 11 cases received propofol anesthesia. No procedure-related severe adverse events or severe complications such as hemorrhage or perforation occurred in all cases. Conclusion Double-balloon enteroscopy is a well-tolerated and safe diagnostic approach with a high diagnostic yield in small intestinal diseases.

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of human ether-α-go-go-related gene (herg) and hERG protein expressed by the gene in laryngeal carcinoma compared with the control group(mucosa adjacent to cancer of 2 cm). METHOD: Expression of herg and hERG protein was detected by immunohistochemistry (SP) and real-time PCR in resected tissue of laryngeal carcinoma and mucosa adjacent to cancer of 2 cm. RESULT: (1) By immunohistochemistry, the positive expression rate of hERG in laryngeal carcinoma was 76.7% (23/30), while it was 10.0% (2/20) in mucosa adjacent to cancer of 2 cm, the difference between which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). (2) By real-time PCR, the expression level of herg mRNA in laryngeal carcinoma is 2.25 times higher than that in mucosa adjacent to cancer of 2 cm. CONCLUSION Herg is highly expressed in tissue of laryngeal carcinoma, and it may be have some relevance to the happening and development of laryngeal carcinoma.
ERG1 Potassium Channel ; Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels ; metabolism ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger

Objective To study the reporting status of notifiable infectious diseases in a general hospital,grasp epidemiological characteristics and patterns,and provide scientific basis for the preventive measures of infectious diseases.Methods Epidemic data of notifiable infectious diseases reported by a hospital in 2007 -2011 were ana-lyzed statistically.Results Reporting rate of notifiable infectious diseases was 0.40%(15 386/3 852 327)in 2007-2011 ,and were statistically different among each year (χ2 =94.93,P <0.01),the major age of reported cases were 14-45 years(46.70%),the main transmission routes were blood and sex (60.68%),followed by respiratory tract (33.06%).The reporting rates among different months were statistically different(χ2 =487.60,P <0.01 ),April ranked first for five consecutive years(0.53%),followed by December(0.51 %)and May(0.48%).The main repor-ted infectious diseases included viral hepatitis(42.82%),varicella(20.06%),syphilis(16.96%),rubella(5.41 %), and pulmonary tuberculosis(3.75%).Conclusion Bloodborne diseases,sexually transmitted diseases,and infec-tious respiratory diseases are the stress in the prevention and control of infectious disease,management should be in-tensified.

Objective To analyze the clinical data of Staphylococcus aureus sputum culture positive cases and the antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from them and provide the evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods Retrospectively analyze the clinical data of Staphylococcus aureus sputum culture positive cases of our hospital from January 2014 to December 2014. Results The Staphylococcus aureus sputum culture positive cases was 111 in all, while antimicrobial sensitive test was performed in 110 cases, including MSSA in 27 cases (24.55%), MSRA in 83 cases (74.45%), community infection MSRA in 13 cases (15.66%), hospital infection MRSA in 70 cases (84.34%). The cases were mainly from the department of respiratory diseases, department of neurosurgery, ICU, the department of neurology, accounting for 75.68%. The risk rate of community acquired MRSA in patients from nursing center were significantly higher than that of hospital infection MRSA and MSSA (P = 0.004). The antimicrobial susceptibility rate of community infection MRSA to clindamycin, gentamicin, erythromycin, azithromycin was higher than that of hospital infection MRSA. Conclusion The susceptibility rate in non-β-lactams of community infeciton MRSA was higher than that of hospital infection MRSA.