Objective To investigate the effects of IL-6/STAT3 activation on the proliferation of biliary epithelial cell following liver transplantation in rat.Methods Based on the classic "two-cuff" technique for orthotopic liver transplantation in rat,end-to-end anastomosis between the common hepatic arteries of donor and recipient by the modified "Gao stent" was performed to reconstruct hepatic artery blood flow.Wistar rats were then randomly divided into CP1h group and CP12h group(grafts were preserved in UW solution at 4℃ for 1h and 12h respectively),RPM group(CP12h group treated by rapamycin,RPM)and C group(control).At 1,3,7,14d after operation,liver IL-6 mRNA expression was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR.STAT3 activation was determined using laser confocal scan microscopy(LSM).BEC proliferation was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results In the CP1h group,expression of IL-6 mRNA was upregulated one day after operation(0.41?0.03),and then fell to the C group level subsequently(0.28?0.03,0.23?0.03 and 0.27?0.05 at 3,7 and 14d after operation).STAT3 activation in the BEC(94?8,61?6,39?4 and 34?3)and proliferation of the BEC following liver transplantation(2.1%?0.3%,5.9%?0.5%,2.6%?0.5% and 2.3%?0.5%)showed a similar trend.Compared with the CP1h and C group,the CP12h group demonstrated a significant and persistent up-regulation of IL-6 mRNA(0.60?0.03,0.73?0.02,0.38?0.02 and 0.30?0.04)and STAT3 activation(167?17,247?13,110?9 and 74?8).BEC proliferation in CP12h group were 7.0%?0.5%,27.8%?1.8%,23.1%?1.6% and 17.8%?1.2%,there was a direct correlation between IL-6 mRNA expression and STAT3 activation(r=0.95,P

Objective To investigate the early diagnosis and management of eclampsia complicated with encephalopathy and to reduce the maternal mortality rate. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 8 cases with encephalopathy caused by eclampsia between Jan. 1988～Dec. 2002. Results There were 8 cases (22.2%) complicated with encephalopathy in 36 eclampsia patients. Four cases presented with cerebral hemorrhage,2 with cerebral infarct,1 with cerebral edema and 1 with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Two women died(25%). Conclusions The prognosis of eclampsia patient complicated with encephalopathy can be greatly improved by early diagnosis and proper treatment based on the clinical manifestations and computed tomographic scan.

BACKGROUND: Neural precursor cells exist in the central nervous system (CNS) of adult mammals, characterized fundamentally by such biological properties of multipotential differentiation and capability of maintaining their stable quantity.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the proliferation and migration of the neural precursor cells in adult rat brain following fluid percussion injury (FPI),and explore their role in the repair of CNS damage.DESIGN:Randomized controlled experiment.SETITNG: Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Beijing Institute of Neurosurgery.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Beijing Institute of Neurosurgery. Totally 67 adult Wistar rats were randomized into a control group (n=7) and 5 FPI groups (n=12)sampled 1, 3, 7, 14, and 30 days after FPI, respectively. Each FPI group was further divided into artificial cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) group (n=2),basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) group (n=5) and neurotrophin-3 (NT3) group (n=5).METHODS: Lateral fluid percussion brain injury was induced in rats in the FPI group and the rats in the control group were only subjected to craniotomy without percussion. The rats in FPI groups were given intraperitoneal injection of bromodexyuridine (BrdU) at the dosage of 50 mg/kg for three times a day in 1- and 3-day FPI groups, but only once a day in 7-and 14-day groups, with the final dose given 2 hours before sacrifice. The rats in bFGF subgroup and NT-3 subgroup were given bFGF at the total daily dose of 360 ng and NT-3 of 240 ng, respectively, while those in artificial CSF subgroup received perfusion fluid of 4 μL without bFGF or NT3 every day. The dynamic expressions of nestin and BrdU in the rat brain were determined with immunocytochemistry. BrdU labeling method was used to identify the differentiated neural progenitor cells, and nestin expression was used to identify the neural progenitor cells.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Expressions of Brdu, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)+/Brdu+ and GFAP-/Brdu+ cells in the rat brain of each group at various time points.with the control group, nestin-positive cells in the cortex, hippocampus and subventricular zone on the injured side was obviously increased at 1day after FPI (3.1±1.1 vs 0, 5.5±0.9 vs 1.3±0.8 and 8.1±0.9 vs 2.3±0.8 in each visual field, respectively, P＜0.05), reaching the peak on day 7 (7.5±1.2,10.2±1.5, and 13.6±1.2 in each visual field, respectively) and disappeared BrdU-positive cells in the cortex, hippocampus and subventricular zone on the injured side increased to the highest level 3 days after FPI (12.6±1.5,9.9±1.1, and 13.4±1.0 in each visual field, respectively), but gradually delar zone gradually migrated to the opposite side across the corpus callosum.CONCLUSION: FPI can stimulate the proliferation and migration of neural progenitor cells in adult rat brain, such as in the cortex, hippocampus and subventricular zone, where the nestin-positive cells is the most 7 days after the injury, but BrdU-positive cells is the most 3 days after the injury.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the application of untrasound-guided local anesthesia in alleviation of pain after percutaneous liver biopsy.The clinical results of 1417 cases of percutuneous liver biopsy were retrospectively analyzed.In 896 patients under ultrasound-guided local anesthesia 51 felt pain after liver biopsy,while in 521 patients whose local anesthesia without ultrasound guidance,143 felt pain (5.7% vs.27.4%,X~2=118.63,P＜0.01).The results indicate ultrasound-guided local anesthesia can effectively alleviate pain after percutaneous liver biopsy.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the matrix formulation and preparation technological parameters of Compound Bingjia Cream. METHODS:To prepare water phase and oil phase matrix solutions respectively,and then the former was added into the lat-ter and well mixed together. The matrix formulation was optimized with the overall scores of appearance,high temperature,low temperature and oil and water stratification after centrifugal test as the evaluated indexes. High performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the content of metronidazole. Gas chromatography was adopted to determine the content of borneol. With the matrix temperature at the time of adding the main drug mixture,matrix quantity,emulsification method and emulsification time as observed factors,and the overall scores of metronidazole content,borneol content and the overall scores of preparation(the overall scores of appearance and stability tests) as the observed indexes,L9(34) orthogonal test was designed to optimize the preparation technological parameters of Compound Bingjia cream and verification for technology was conducted. RESULTS:The optimal oil phase matrix formulation was as follows as cetanol of 10 g,glyceryl monostearate of 16 g,stearic acid of 20 g,albolene of 8 g, while the optimal water oil matrix formulation as triethanolamine of 2 g,glycerinum of 24 g. The optimal preparation technological parameters were the matrix temperature of 50℃at the time of adding the main drug mixture,matrix of 300 g,emulsification meth-od of colloid emulsification,emulsification time of 30 min,where metronidazole content was 1.83%,borneol content 2.88%. The results of 3 verification tests showed the overall scores were all 25,with metronidazole content of 2.1%,2.1%,2.2%(RSD=2.71%,n=3),borneol content of 3.2%,3.3%,3.1%(RSD=3.12%,n=3). CONCLUSIONS:The optimal matrix formulation and technological parameters of the preparation are stable and feasible,and suitable for mass production.

Direct oral anticoagulants,include direct thrombin inhibitor and direct factor Xa inhibitor.As the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of these drugs are known,their plasma concentration is not food-effective,and theoretically it is not necessary to monitor routinely.However, clinical practice in recent years has shown that anticoagulant effect of DOACs is required to evaluate in patients with thrombosis, major bleeding, emergency surgery, hepatic/renal dysfunction and other special situations.Recent studies have shown that routine coagulation assays such as activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) and thrombin time(TT) can be used as laboratory screening tests for direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran and prothrombin time(PT) can be used as laboratory screening test for direct factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban.DOAC′s quantitative measurements include dilute thrombin time(dTT),hemoclot thrombin inhibitor (HTI),ecarin clotting time (ECT) and ecarin chromogenic assay (ECA) for direct thrombin inhibitor and anti-FXa assay(rivaroxaban calibration) for rivaroxaban.Laboratories should establish their own monitoring range when performing these assays.

Manual microscopic differential of white blood cell has been challenged by multiparameter flow cytometry,using monoclonal antibodies to define the different leukocyte types.Compared with manual differential,flow cytometry method is more sensitive,specific,objective and has good repeatability.Recent studies demonstrated flow cytometric differential correlates well with manual microscopic method and has good clinical performance for blast and immature granulocyte.Meanwhile more leukocyte populations can be identified with flow cytometric method,such as lymphocyte subset and CD 16 + monocyte,thus helping in monitoring blast in acute leukemia,B lymphocyte proliferative disorder differential diagnosis and minimal residual disease.With the development and improvement of flow cytometric differential,it might be a candidate reference method of leukocyte differential,gradually applied in the routine work.

Objective To predict the Hypertention by pregnancy in counting nuclear red blood cells pe-ripheral blood. Methods Blood samples were obtained from 69 pregnant women with the gestational age from 12 to 18 weeks. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and then analyzed the cells marked with PE-GPA/FITC-CD71 monoclonal antibodies on the flow cytometer. Correlations between them were analyzed after tracking of hypertention by pregnancy. Results Percentage of GPA+/CD71+ cells in healthy pregnant women was 0.89 ± 0.81%, while that in pregnant women with hypertention was 3.57 ± 3.48%. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05), and the percentage of GPA+/CD71+cells in the group of hypertention by pregnancy was much higher than that in the healthy group. Conclusions The increased nuclear red blood cells in maternal peripheral blood related to hypertention by pregnancy. The counting of nuclear red blood cells in maternal peripheral blood have potential value to predict hypertention by pregnancy.

Objective To study the application of negative pressure drainage on nasal septum reconstructomy by endoscopy.Methods Totally 80 patientswith nasal septum deviation in our hospital from May 2014 to March 2015 were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group.All patients were given nasal septum reconstructomy by endoscopy,and patients of the observation group were given negative pressure drainage after surgery while the patients in control group were given traditional nasal cavity filling postoperatively.Observed the subjective symptoms,degree of disease and complications of patients 12 hours and 24 hours after surgery.And the clinical curative effect of the two groups were compared and analyzed 1 week after the surgery.Results The subjective symptoms of the observation group was obvi-ously better than the control group 24 hours after the surgery with statistically significant difference (P <0.05).And the degree of disease in observation group had significantly improved,and the nasal mucosa edema ratio of level 0 was 40%,which was significantly higher than 10% in the control group (P <0.05).The total effective rate was 97.50% in the observation group 1 week after surgery and it was 80% in the control group,and there were significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05).The incidence of complications in the observation group was 2.50%,which was significantly less than 20% in the control group (P <0.05).Conclusion The application of negative pres-sure drainage on nasal septum reconstructomy by endoscopy could effectively relieve the pain of patients and reduce complications,and its prognosis effect is better.

Objective To summarize the experiences on the diagnosis of pancreatic trauma and to explore the strategy of its management.Methods The clinical data of 48 patients with pancreatic trauma,who were admitted and treated in the Center for General Surgery,General Hospital of Chengdu Command of PLA from June 1998 to June 2008,were retrospectively studied,and the diagnosis,surgical management,and the therapeutic effects were analyzed.Results Of the 48 patients,32 patients(66.7%) were diagnosed as pancreatic injury before operation,and in 16(33.3%) the final diagnosis was confirmed intraoperatively.For these 48 patients,the degree of pancreatic injury was graded according to AAST-OIS as follows:Grade Ⅰ 9 cases,Grade Ⅱ 28 cases,Grade Ⅲ 5 cases,Grade Ⅳ 4 cases and Grade Ⅴ 2 cases.Of the 48 patients,44(91.7%) recovered and 4(8.3%) died.Early complications occurred in 2 cases(4.2%),one with traumatic pancreatitis and another subphrenic Abscess.Late complication such as pancreatic secretion insufficiency occurred in 3 patients(6.3%) in whom resection of distal portion of pancreas was done.7 patients(14.6%) had postoperative complications,including 2 cases of pancreatic pseudocyst,4 cases of pancreatic fistula and 1 case of pancreatic fistula combined with intestinal fistula.Conclusions The early diagnosis of pancreatic trauma should be based on a comprehensive patient history and scrupulous physical examination,aided by auxiliary examinations including serum amylase level,ultrasound,CT scanning,endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography(ERCP) or magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreatography(MRCP),and laparotomy if necessary.Pancreatic fistula is the main complication following pancreatic trauma and often occurs in the patients with severe pancreatic injury.Aggressive operation on the pancreas is not recommended,while correct judgement of injury to the main duct,a good debridement,effective drainage and flawless pancreaticoenterostomy are the key factors to avoid postoperative fistula.