Autonomic nervous system(ANS) activity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease,including organic cardiovascular disease(such as hypertension,coronary artery disease,etc) and functional cardiovascular disease (such as vasovagal syncope,postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome,etc).Many methods was used to evaluate ANS function.Heart rate variability is a widely accepted method to assess cardiac autonomic nerve function.Autonomic nervous affected cardiac action potential and let electrocardiogram changes.Through the sympathetic and parasympathetic neurotransmitters which acting on the corresponding receptors.Electrocardiogram changes reflects autonomic nervous function.Present researches suggest that electrocardiogram has an important significance in the evaluation of autonomic nerve function in functional cardiovascular disease.

Vasovagal syncope (VVS) is the most common cause of transient loss of consciousness ( TLOC ),mainly with head-up tilt test (HUTT) for diagnosis and treatment evaluation.Beacause of potential risks in the process of HUTT,it is necessary to explore an early,accurate,safe,effective,inexpensive and convenient means of diagnosis and evaluation for VVS.The means of quantitative history are now in practice of clinical trials.The means commonly used are Calgary Presyncope Form (CPF)and three questionaires about point scores in the Calgary syncope symptom studies.Due to its stable,simple and easy to apply features,CPF has some advantages on assessing the effectiveness of different treatment methods for VVS.The three questionnaires have some application potential in diagnosis for VVS.

10.3969/j.issn.1000-3606.2013.06.023

Nephrotic syndrome(NS)is the most frequent cause of glomerular disease in children,it can deve-lop many complications,including infection,thrombosis and acute kidney injury,while acute adrenocortical suppression is a complication of some drugs administration. This review focuses on the pathophysiology and management of common complications in patients with NS.

The enrollment physical examination,as a real assessment of the physical and health condition for those high school graduates,is of great referencing significance for their major selection.Therefore,during the examination process,medical staff involved should enhance their recognition for relevant legal regulations,and fully respect graduates′ rights of privacy and informed consent,to ensure the impartiality,fairness,reality,and effectiveness of the assessment result,and guarantee the legal rights of high school graduates.

[Objective] To study the mechanisms and effects of panax notoginsenosides(PNS)on myocardial fibrosis in chronic viral myocarditic(VMC)mice.[Methods]The model mice with VMC at chronic status were established by repetitive infection of Coxsckievirus B3m(CVB3m).Heart changes of myocardium and collagen hyperplasia were observed by HE and VG stain.Collagen volume fraction(CVF)and perivascular circuferential area(PVCA)were examined by pathological examination with computed processing.Myocardium TGF-?1 was detected by immunohistochemical method and mRNA expression of TGF-?1 was analyzed by Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)method.[Results]Marked myocardial fibrosis was observed in chronic VMC model group.Compared with blank group,the index of CVF and PVCA was increased significantly(P

The paper sums up quality management in obstetrics in Shanghai in the past 10 years and gives an account of the specific measures adopted: laying a solid foundation of quality management in obstetrics and creating a sound organizational framework;valuing the crux of quality management in obstetrics and strengthening the control of process quality;stressing quality improvement in obstetrics and the analysis and feedback of outcome information and guiding the formulation of short-term and long-term action plans.It also describes the marked results obtained,including a reduced maternal mortality rate,enhanced access criteria for maternity hospitals,and preliminary results attained after the establishment of maternity hospitals for women from other areas.In addition,the paper puts forward suggestions for further improving maternal healthcare and obstetric quality.

Objective To investigate the surgical techniques and clinical effect of laparoscopic improved myomectomy. Methods After the surgical techniques and instruments were improved, laparoscopic myomectomies were performed in 91 patients with uterine myoma. The maximum diameter of myoma was (60 4?11 9) mm (range, 25 mm～110 mm), and in 35 cases the myomas were ≥7 0 cm and in 56 cases 0 05). Conclusions After the surgical techniques and instruments were improved, the operation time and the blood loss can be reduced, and better clinical effect obtained, even in patients with somewhat larger uterine myoma.

Objective To investigate the surgical indications and techniques of laparoscopic operations for benign ovarian cysts. Methods A total of 112 patients underwent laparoscopic operations of cyst decollement, ovariotomy and adnexectomy. Results There were 104 cases (92 9%) of decollement, 5 cases (4 5%) of adnexectomy and 3 cases (2 7%) of ovariotomy.The operation time was (61 9?23 7) min, the intraoperative blood loss (37 0?40 7) ml, the postoperative hospital stay (6 8?2 4) days, the postoperative peak temperature of patients (37 8?0 5)℃, the duration of postoperative temperature beyond 37 5℃ (2 0?1 1) days and the time to first passing flatus (1 9?0 5) days. Pathological diagnoses showed 54 cases (48 2%) of ovary endometrial cyst, 30 (26 8%) of benign teratoma, 16 (14 3%) of mesonephroma, 8 (7 1%) of corpus luteum cyst, 3 (2 7%) of serous tumor and 1 (0 9%) fibroma. Conclusions Laparoscopic operations for benign ovarian cysts have advantages of minimally invasive surgery. However, indications must be strictly followed before operations, in the view of avoiding meeting malignant tumors in operations.

Objective To investigate the correlation between preoperative anxiety and intraoperative anesthetic requirements,and to determine the proper anxiety evaluation scale.Methods Sixty ASA I patients undergoing knee arthroscopy were enrolled.The anxiety level of the patients was assessed by using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI),Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) 30 min before the surgery.The low frequency(LF) and low frequency/high frequency(LF/HF) of the heart rate variability were recorded before the surgery.Target controlled infusion(TCI) of propofol was started to provide a blood concentration of 1.5 ?g/ml,and was increased by 0.5 ?g/ml every 30 s until OAA/S value reached 4,which was defined as the point of consciousness loss.BIS value and propofol requirements were recorded.TCI of propofol was maintained for 30 min to keep a BIS value at 50,LF and LF/HF of heart rate variability and maintenance dose of propofol were recorded during this period.Results Propofol requirements at the point of consciousness loss were significantly liner correlated with the SAI,TAI,and Zung scores,as well as LF and LF/HF(r=0.362,0.285,0.315,0.274,0.411,P