OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively analyze the feasibility of neural differentiation from human umbilical cord blood cells and the transplantation in treating rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. DATA SOURCES: A computer-based online search of Pubmed was undertaken for articles about neural differentiation from human umbilical cord blood cells in the treatment of rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury via transplantation published in English between January 2000 and December 2005 by using the keywords of "mesenchymal stem cells, umbilical cord blood, transplantation". Meanwhile, we searched the Wanfang database for related Chinese literature published between January 2002 and December 2005 with the same key words in Chinese. STUDY SELECTION: The articles about neural differentiation from human umbilical cord blood cells and transplantation in treating rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury were arranged to select those with strong points. As to those in the same field, the articles published recently or in authorized journals were included. DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 37 articles were collected, of which 31 ones were accorded the criteria and 6 were excluded. DATA SYNTHESIS: Many studies showed that mesenchymal stem cells with strong plasticity could be isolated from umbilical cord blood. Also, mesenchymal stem cells from umbilical cord blood have many merits: ①It is primitive with inferior antigenicity and few primary cells with toxicity, so the incidence rate of graft versus host disease is low, and the adverse effect is slighter; moreover, the blood has strong differentiated ability, can express stably exogenous target gene in vivo and in vitro. ②With widespread source, large quantity, easy to collect, prepare and store, not involving in the problem of society, ethics and law and so on. Therefore, mesenchymal stem cells can be used as a new source to treat central nervous system disease. CONCLUSION: Though mesenchymal stem cells have wide application prospect, the research on the transplantation in treating nervous system disease is emerging and vacant in many areas, so we need to do further study to provide a new channel for treating central nervous system disease.

Objective To explore the significance of shock index in the early assessment of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock.Methods A retrospective study of 100 patients with severe sepsis and septic shock admitted in the Emergency Department of the Beijing Friendship Hospital from September 2011 to August 2013 was carried out.According to the 28-day outcome,all patients were divided into survival group (n =48) and death group (n =52).Shock index of patients was calculated at admission (SI1) and 2 hours after resuscitation (SI 2).Results (1) The SI1 and SI2 (1.5 ± 0.05),(1.2 ± 0.04) in the death group were significantly higher than those (1.3 ± 0.08),(0.9 ± 0.05),in the survival group (P ＜ 0.01) ; (2) AUC of SI1 and SI2 of death group were 0.7075 and 0.8894,respectively.The SI2 showed higher sensitivity (80.3％) and specificity (78.4％) compared to SI1.The optimal cut-off point for SI2 was ≥ 1.Conclusions SI2 may potentially be utilized as a reliable predictor for death in patients with septic shock and severe sepsis in an emergency department.

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) diagnosed with seizure history,semiology and electroencephalography is a syndrome of idiopathic generalized epilepsy.MRS can quantitatively detect the concentration of neurometabolites noninvasively,and assess the metabolic changes in brain.Currently,studies of pathogenesis of JME are focused on the dysfunction of thalamo-cortical network and the neurometabolites and imbalance of Glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid in the network are alterted.Epilepsy is associated with the imbalance of the ratio of excitatory and inhibitory amino acid,and seizures lead to neuronal lesions which result in altered concentration of neuron related metabolites.This article reviewed MRS studies of JME by combining material metabolism,neural structure and function.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of midazolam premedication for prevention of emergence agitation (EA) after sevoflurane anesthesia in children undergoing minor surgery.Methods One hundred and twenty ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ paediatric patients,aged 3-9 yr,weighing 15-35 kg,scheduled for elective tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =30 each):control group (group C) and midazolam 0.25,0.50 and 0.75 mg/kg groups (groups M1-3).The 10 ml mixture of midazolam 0.25,0.50 and 0.75 mg/kg and 10％ glucose was taken orally at 30 min before anesthesia in M1-3 groups,respectively,while 10 ml of 10％ glucose was taken orally in group C.Anesthesia was induced with inhalation of sevoflurane and maintained with iv infusion of remifentanil and inhalation of sevoflurane.EA was assessed using the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale.Results Compared with group C,the PAED scores and incidence of EA were significantly decreased in groups M2 and M3 (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in group M1 (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group M1,the PAED scores and incidence of EA were significantly decreased in groups M2 and M3 (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the PAED scores and incidence of EA between groups M3 and M2 (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Premedication with oral midazolam can prevent EA following sevoflurane anesthesia in children undergoing minor surgery and the optimum dose is 0.50 mg/kg.

Objective To explore the role of BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide) in the early assessment of patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE).MethodsEighty-six patients hospitalized in Beijing Friendship Hospital from November 2005 to June 2010 diagnosed as acute PE were studied retrospectively.The differences of BNP and other indicators and the relationship of BNP and right ventricular and right atrial pressure gradient value ( RV-RA PG) were compared between two groups divided by whether right ventricular dysfunction exists or not.imilarly,the differences of BNP and other indictors were compared between the two groups divided by complications exists or not.ResultsIn the right ventricular dysfunction group and control group,BNP was ( 1356.8 ±675.4) pg/ml and ( 103.8 ±51.4) pg/ml,respectively,and the differences are significant.BNP and RV-RA PG had a significant correlation (γ =0.824,P ＜0.01 ) by Linear correlation analysis.BNP had a reliable diagnostic power for right ventricular dysfunction ( AUC 0.907).In the group with complications and none -complication group,BNP value was ( 1356.8 ±675.4)pg/mlvs.(103.8 ±51.4) pg/ml,and pH value was (7.372 ±3.7) vs.(7.446 ±3.5),and the differences were all significant ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions BNP has important significance in early predicting the occurring,severity and prognosis of congestive heart failure caused by acute pulmonary embolism; pH of the early arterial blood gas has positive significance for early diagnose and treatment and predicting the severity and prognosis of patients suffering acute pulmonary embolism.

Objective To study the proliferation and apoptosis of related proteins in pathological liver tissues of alcohol-induced mice,and establish a model and time-evolution rule of liver cell apoptosis,which can be used to guide the clinical treatment of acute alcoholic liver injury.Methods A total of 30 male KM mice were fed in a clean grade animal room at the Capital Medical University and then randomly (random number) separated into two groups.The 10 mice in the normal group were fed without ethanol,while the other 20 mice in the experimental group were given a one-time grant of 50％ ethanol (12 mL/kg) by gavage.The mice in the experimental group were killed at two time points,6 h for 10 mice and 12 h for the other 10,after the intragastric administration.Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the morphological changes of liver in mice.The concentrations of T-ERK,p-ERK,PKC,p-PKC and caspase-3 were determined by the Western-blot method.The data were analyzed by Analysis of variance (ANOVA) method using statistical software SPSS 11.5 and criterion P ＜ 0.05 is chosen to determine differences that are statistically significant.Results By observing the behavioral changes and morphological indexes of mice,we confirmed the success of the model for acute alcoholic liver injury.During the process of re-building the model,no mice died.The mice in the experimental group appeared in drunken states,such as sleepiness and slowness of movement.Compared to the normal group,the experimental subgroup at the 6 h point showed no difference statistical significant; while the experimental subgroup at the 12 h point showed obvious histological changes in tissues,including the disorder of hepatic lobule structure and fatty vacuolization of hepatocytes.At the same time,in the experimental subgroup at the 12 h point,both P-ERK and P-PKC significantly decreased [(2.41 ±0.38),(0.97 ±0.25),F=4.82,P＜0.05; (0.16 ±0.00),(0.08 ± 0.01),F =29.63,P ＜ 0.05],but caspase-3 significantly increased [(0.30 ± 0.02),(0.11 ± 0.01),F =34.38,P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions In mice after intragastric administration of large doses of alcohol,the hepatic cell apoptosis appeared mainly after 6 h but before 12 h,therefore 6 ～ 12 h might be the time window to inhibit the cell apoptosis of mice' s acute liver injury from alcohol induction.

Aim To investigate the effect of resveratrol on proliferation and differentiation in K562 cells. Methods K562 cells were treated with different con-centrations of resveratrol for 6d. The colony number of K562 cells was detected with semi-solid culture assay. Expression of GATA-1 and PU. 1 in K562 cells was re-spectively measured with immunocytochemistry and Western blot. Expression of differentiation related anti-gen, CD11b, CD14 and CD42b, was measured with flowcytometry on K562 cells. Results Resveratrol
could significantly decrease the colony number of K562 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and enhance the ex-pression of GATA-1,PU. 1,CD11b, CD14 and CD42b in K562 cells. Conclusion Resveratrol could inhibit the proliferation and induce differentiation of K562 cells via up-regulating the expression of GATA-1 and PU. 1 protein.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of gabapentin capsules( GBP)combined with amitriptyline and tramadol in the treatment of patients with postherpetic neuralgia( PHü)and anxiety. Methods:Totally 106 PHü patients with anxiety symptoms at different degree were selected and divided into group A(n=53)and group B(n=53). Group A was given GBP,amitriptyline and tramadol,while group was given GBP only. The anxiety,depression,quality of life and pain-relieving intensity( by VAS)of the pa-tients were determined before the medication( T1 )and in the first week( T2 )and the fourth week( T3 )after the medication. Follow-up was carried out regularly according to the requirements to evaluate the clinical efficacy. Results:The anxiety,depression and VAS scores in the two groups on T2 were statistically significant lower than the corresponding results on T1(P<0.05). On T3,however, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups(P<0. 05). The total adverse reaction rate of group A was signif-icantly lower than that of group B(P<0. 05). The total effective rate of group A was significantly higher than that of group B(P<0. 05). Conclusion:GBP combined with tramadol and amitriptyline in the treatment of PHü patients with anxiety can effectively con-trol the pain of the patients,significantly reduce the scores of VAS and improve the quality of life of the patients.

Aim To investigate the effect of bufalin on proliferation and expression of WT1 in K562 cells. Methods The colony number of K562 cell was detec-ted with semi-solid culture assay. The cell cycle was measured by flowcytometry, and the expression of WT1 was observed with immunocytochemistry. Subcutaneous tumor models established by K562 cells in BALB/C nu/nu mice were divided into three groups, including model group, bufalin group and positive control group. After 21 days, the subcutaneous tumors were removed for calculating the inhibitory rate of tumor growth. HE staining and immunohistochemistry were used to ob-serve the morphological changes and the expression of WT1 . Results ① Bufalin could significantly decrease the colony number of K562 cell, arrest it at G0/G1 phase and down-regulate its expression of WT1 in a dose-dependent manner. ② Compared with the model group, the tumor inhibitory rate was much higher, while the volume and the weight were obviously lower in the other two groups. ③Bufalin could induce apop-tosis, necrosis, hemorrhage and fibrosis with HE stai-ning, and down-regulate the expression of WT1. Con-clusion Bufalin could inhibit the proliferation, arrest the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and down-regulate the expression of WT1 in vitro. Bufalin could inhibit the tumor inhibitory rate, the volume and the weight of the subcutaneous tumors, induce apoptosis, necrosis, hemorrhage and fibrosis with HE staining and down-regulate the expression of WT1 .

Objective To evaluate the effects of doxofyline on intraoperative pulmonary function in patients receiving double lumen endotracheal intubation for one-lung ventilation. Methods Fifty patients who underwent elective pulmonary lo-bectomy under general anesthesia using double lumen endotracheal intubation were randomly divided into two groups ( n=25 each):control group (group C) and doxofyline group (group D).Doxofyline (4 mg?kg-1) was injected intravenously after double lumen endotracheal intubation in group D,while equal volume of 0.9% sodium chloride was intravenously given in group C.Total intravenous anesthesia with target controlled infusion was performed during the operation.Two milliliter blood samples were taken from the radial artery for blood gas analysis immediately before administration ( t0 ) ,at 30 min ( t1 ) ,60 min ( t2 ) after one-lung ventilation and at the moment of two-lung ventilation after chest closing ( t3 ) . The PaCO2 , PaO2 , peak airway pressure (Ppeak),airway plateau pressure (Pplat),airway resistance (Raw) and lung compliance (Compl) were recorded at t0-3. Results The Ppeak,Pplat and Raw were significantly decreased and the Compl and PaO2 significantly increased at t1-t3 in group D when com-pared with those in group C (P<0.05).The Ppeak,Pplat and Raw were significantly increased and Compl and PaO2 significantly de-creased at t3 as compared with those at t0 in group C ( P<0.05) . Conclusion Doxofyline can improve intraoperative pulmonary function in patients who undergo double lumen endotracheal intubation for one-lung ventilation.