Objective To investigate the effect of ?-lipoic acid on the expression levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells under high glucose concentration. Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECV304) were randomized into control (NG) group,high glucose (HG) group and ?-lipoic acid group. Cells in the 3 groups were incubated for 48h with 5.5mmol/L glucose,30mmol/L glucose,30mmol/L glucose + ?-lipoic acid in a series of concentrations (50,100,200?mol/L),respectively. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the supernate was determined by the method of xanthine oxidase,and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured with thiobarbituric acid as the substrate. The level of ICAM-1 in the supernate was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressive levels of ICAM-1 mRNA were determined by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Compared with the control group,the activity of SOD declined significantly and the contents of MDA and ICAM-1 increased in umbilical vein endothelial cells in HG group (P

Humanumbilicalveinendothelialcells(HUVECs)weretreatedwith3nmol/Lliraglutidefor10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, and 270 minutes at the concentrations of 5. 5 or 30 mmol/L glucose. Western blot analysis was used to detected protein expression and phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates-1 ( IRS-1 ) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase ( eNOS ) . The results showed that the baseline level of phosphorylated-eNOS/eNOS was lower in high glucose group than that in normal group(0. 239 ± 0. 016 vs 0. 400 ± 0. 02,P<0. 05). Liraglutide time-dependently increased phosphorylated-eNOS/eNOS and phosphorylated-IRS-1/IRS-1 levels at 5. 5 or 30 mmol/L glucose.

Background::Pathological scars are a disorder that can lead to various cosmetic, psychological, and functional problems, and no effective assessment methods are currently available. Assessment and treatment of pathological scars are based on cutaneous manifestations. A two-photon microscope (TPM) with the potential for real-time non-invasive assessment may help determine the under-surface pathophysiological conditions in vivo. This study used a portable handheld TPM to image epidermal cells and dermal collagen structures in pathological scars and normal skin in vivo to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment in scar patients. Methods::Fifteen patients with pathological scars and three healthy controls were recruited. Imaging was performed using a portable handheld TPM. Five indexes were extracted from two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) perspectives, including collagen depth, dermo-epidermal junction (DEJ) contour ratio, thickness, orientation, and occupation (proportion of collagen fibers in the field of view) of collagen. Two depth-dependent indexes were computed through the 3D second harmonic generation image and three morphology-related indexes from the 2D images. We assessed index differences between scar and normal skin and changes before and after treatment.Results::Pathological scars and normal skin differed markedly regarding the epidermal morphological structure and the spectral characteristics of collagen fibers. Five indexes were employed to distinguish between normal skin and scar tissue. Statistically significant differences were found in average depth ( t = 9.917, P <0.001), thickness ( t = 4.037, P <0.001), occupation ( t= 2.169, P <0.050), orientation of collagen ( t = 3.669, P <0.001), and the DEJ contour ratio ( t = 5.105, P <0.001). Conclusions::Use of portable handheld TPM can distinguish collagen from skin tissues; thus, it is more suitable for scar imaging than reflectance confocal microscopy. Thus, a TPM may be an auxiliary tool for scar treatment selection and assessing treatment efficacy.

Emerging research suggests a potential association of progression of Alzheimer's disease(AD)with al-terations in synaptic currents and mitochondrial dynamics.However,the specific associations between these pathological changes remain unclear.In this study,we utilized Aβ42-induced AD rats and primary neural cells as in vivo and in vitro models.The investigations included behavioural tests,brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)analysis,Nissl staining,thioflavin-S staining,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,Golgi-Cox staining,trans-mission electron microscopy(TEM),immunofluorescence staining,proteomics,adenosine triphosphate(ATP)detection,mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)and reactive oxygen species(ROS)assess-ment,mitochondrial morphology analysis,electrophysiological studies,Western blotting,and molecular docking.The results revealed changes in synaptic currents,mitophagy,and mitochondrial dynamics in the AD models.Remarkably,intervention with Dengzhan Shengmai(DZSM)capsules emerged as a pivotal element in this investigation.Aβ42-induced synaptic dysfunction was significantly mitigated by DZSM intervention,which notably amplified the frequency and amplitude of synaptic transmission.The cognitive impairment observed in AD rats was ameliorated and accompanied by robust protection against structural damage in key brain regions,including the hippocampal CA3,primary cingular cortex,prelimbic system,and dysgranular insular cortex.DZSM intervention led to increased IDE levels,augmented long-term potential(LTP)amplitude,and enhanced dendritic spine density and length.Moreover,DZSM intervention led to favourable changes in mitochondrial parameters,including ROS expression,MMP and ATP contents,and mitochondrial morphology.In conclusion,our findings delved into the realm of altered synaptic currents,mitophagy,and mitochondrial dynamics in AD,concurrently highlighting the therapeutic potential of DZSM intervention.

OBJECTIVE To establish a rapid and accurate PCR method for detecting 24 strains of Burkholderia cepacia complex(Bcc) by comparing three detection methods of loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP), SYTO 9 dye method based on polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and TaqMan probe real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR method( TaqMan probe method). METHODS According to the molecular biological information of 24 strains of Bcc in the NCBI database, multiple candidate sequence fragments unique to Bcc were screened out, and specific primer and probe that could simultaneously detect 24 strains of Bcc were designed. At the same time, the detection methods of LAMP, SYTO 9 dye method based on PCR and Taqman probe were explored, and the optimal annealing temperature was optimized and screened. The 39 experimental strains were used to verify the Bcc detection method. RESULTS LAMP method could not effectively detect Bcc, SYTO 9 dye method and TaqMan probe method could effectively detect more than 20 strains of Bcc, while TaqMan probe method had higher amplification effect, better detection sensitivity, repeatability and stability, which could meet the requirements of this study. CONCLUSION In this study, a TaqMan probe method for rapid detection of Bcc was established. Compared with LAMP method and SYTO 9 dye method, this method has the advantages of fast, simple and high sensitivity, and provides technical support for the rapid detectionof Bcc.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the types and control measures of major microorganisms in pharmaceutical water systems, so as to provide guidance for effective control of pharmaceutical water systems. METHODS The main microbial species, abundance and harmfulness of drinking water, purified water and water for injection were reviewed, and the control measures on microorganisms in pharmaceutical water were discussed. RESULTS There were differences in the main microbial types in pharmaceutical water. Burkholderia cepacia complex and Ralstonia pickettii were conditioned pathogens in pharmaceutical water, thus causing certain biological safety hazards. CONCLUSION Pharmaceutical companies can strengthen the control of microorganisms in the water system by establishing microbial databases and common microbial strain banks at all levels. Trend analysis should to be conducted based on alert limits and action limits, so as to strengthen the control of microorganisms in the water system.