Objective To investigate the ultrasonic atomization anesthesia time guided needle aspiration biopsy for endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS-TBNA) effect of anesthesia in patients. Methods A total of 60 patients of EBUS-TBNA were divided into A group, B group and C group by random digits table method, each group of 20 cases. Three groups of patients were treated with topical anesthesia with 2%lidocaine aerosol inhalation, atomizing inhalation time:A group 20 min;B group 25 min;C group 30 min. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed in accordance with operating procedures after anesthesia. The changes of vital signs were observed. The patients were investigated by questionnaire. Results A, B, C three groups of the highest blood pressure were (141.90±3.24), (132.30±3.06), (131.15±3.42) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), heart rate was (98.25 ± 3.39), (90.50 ± 3.85), (92.20 ± 5.12) beats/min, breath respectively was (20.45±1.43), (19.15±1.23), (19.00±1.38) beats/min, blood oxygen saturation was 0.9150± 0.0248, 0.9750±0.0128, 0.9735±0.0114, the B and C group was more stable than the A group (P<0.05), B, C two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). A, B, C three groups of patients with bronchoscopy insert a successful number of cases were 55%(11/20), 90%(18/20), 90%(18/20), A group was lower than B, C two group (χ2=6.144, P<0.05). The subjective comfort of the three groups were (28.40± 1.82), (37.10 ± 2.02), (36.15 ± 1.42)points, A group and B, C two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05), B, C two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). There was significant difference in the effect of anesthesia among three groups (Z=2.105, P<0.05). Conclusions Using 2%lidocaine ultrasonic atomization inhalation anesthesia for patients with local anesthesia, the effect of anesthesia is 25 min and the patient′s tolerance is the best.