Hepatic surgery has got fast development during recent years. Hepatic anatomic complexity is not the fence of hepatic surgery development. The limit of liver function reserve controls hepatic operation and makes surgeons confused. The investigation of hepatic function reserve has made great prograsses recently. This article reviewed domestic and overseas documents to explain the contrilmtion of liww functional reselwe examination for hepatic surgery on the basis of hepateetomy quantity, tumor postoperative relapse, liver transplantation , liver function failure and liver function reserve detection.

Interferon regulatory factor 7 is originally identified in the context of Epstein-Barr virus infection,and has play a key role in regulator of type Ⅰ interferons.Aberrant production of type Ⅰ interferons is associated with many types of diseases such as cancers and autoimmune disorders.Furthermore,mounting evidence has shed light on the importance of interferon regulatory factor 7,which is a multifuwtional transcription factor,not only regulate the response of inflammation and immune in body,but also regulate others biological funetions such as tumor formation,cell invasion and so on.The article has reviewed the progression of both interferon regulatory factor 7 and tumor.

Liver three-dimensional simulation technology is a cross-field study of hepatic surgery,anatomy,computer image technology and virtual three-dimensional technology.Compared to the two-dimensional images,the three-dimensional technology applied to the planning of liver surgery has obvious advantages and unique features.This technology not only can three-dimensional clarity of presentation and precise positioning of the important structures of the liver inside and outside,but also allow the surgeon independent dividing a interest region of liver inside and outside.Visualization of the liver and liver volume measurement preoperative planning,can effectively reduce the risk of postoperative liver failure,the remnant liver necrosis and postoperative bile leakage.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of Losartan on hemorrheology and left heart function in essential hypertensive patients.Methods 43 essential hypertensive patients were treated with Losartan,50 ms/d～100 ms/d for twelve to seventeen months.20 essential hypertensive patients were treated with Fu Fang Jiang Ya Pian as control group.Then the changes of hemorrheology indexes and left heart function were tested in both groups.Results After the treatment with Losartan the blood pressure reduced effectively(P＜0.001),the whole blood low shear rate hyperviacoSity(ηb),plasma viscosity,AI,whole blood low shear rate reduced viscosity,erythrocyte electrophoresis,Fib reduced obviously(P＜0.01),but the control group had not statistical significance(P＞0.05)before and after treatment.The whole blood high shear rate hyperviscesity,whole blood high shear rate reduced viscosity,Hct,RRI reduced too(P＞0.05),but there was no statistical significance.LVM(P＜0.01)and LVMI(P＜0.05)were obviously reduced,E/A was increased(P＜0.01),IRT(P＜0.05)was shorten (P＜0.05),while the cardiac diastole function improved effectively.The significant differences were not observed in the control group pre and pest treatment(P＞0.05).Condusion Losartan can effectively reduce blood pressure.At the same time,it improves RBC deformation capability,reduce erythrecyte aggregation,Fib,Hct of essential hypertensive patients,and reduce blood viscosity.Losartan can also reduce myocardial hypertrophy,heart weight,and improve heart function.

Objective To study the effect of candesartan on the ERK1/2 protein expression in myocardium of epilepsy rats induced by kainic acid(KA) and its mechanism.Methods 105 male Wistar rats were divided into: control group(A);epilepsy groups(B1-5);candesartan groups(C1-5);1-5 meaned 0,0.5,2,4,6 h after epilepsy,respectively.Epilepsy rat models were made by injecting KA into amygdale under stereotactic instrument.The ERK1/2 protein expression in various groups were tested with immunohistological method.Results Compared with control group,the protein expressions of ERK1/2 increased significantly in the 0.5 h groups of B and C(P0.05).The differences in the level of ERK1/2 protein expression between B and C groups were significant(P

Interferon induced transmembrane protein (IFITM is a recently discovered antiviral protein family in the cell,which inhibit many with or without coated virus replication to have antiviral effects.At the same time,some recent studies show that IFITM3 plays an important role in migration of a variety of human tumor cells and stem cells.While the mechanism in human tumor occurrence,development and diffusion transfer of IFITM3 is still unclear.This paper is aim to summarize the research progress and direction of IFITM3 protein in human tumors.

Objective To investigate the effects of Krüppel like factor 4 (KLF4)on matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9)ex-pression in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods A total of 50 primary hepatocellular carcinoma samples and their correspond-ing adjacent tissues specimens were collected.The expression of KLF4 and MMP9 were detected by IHC,Western blot and qRT-PCR.After KLF4 gene was transfected into hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2 cell line),the expressions of KLF4 and MMP9 were conformed by qRT-PCR and Western blot.Migration and invasion of HepG2 cell line transfected by KLF4 were detec-ted by wound-healing assay and invasion assay.Results Compared to corresponding adjacent tissues,The expression of KLF4 was significantly lower in HCCs(P <0.05),and MMP9 expression was remarkably higher in HCCs(P <0.05).KLF4 over-expression inhibited the expression of MMP9 on the protein and mRNA levels.Wound-healing assay and invasion assay confirmed that KLF4 regulated cell invasion and migration through regulating MMP9 expression.Conclusion KLF4 showed low expression in HCCs,and MMP9 was overexpressed.Up-regulation of KLF4 could decrease the expression of MMP9 in HepG2 cell line,which inhibited inva-sion and migration.

ObjectiveTo study the application of three-dimensional simulated surgical technique in precise hepatectomy. MethodsFrom July 2009 to February 2010, 16 patients with primary liver cancer underwent preoperative simulated imaging and three-dimensional simulation of liver resection.The 3D extent of simulated hepatectomy and actual hepatectomy was compared and analyzed. ResultsThe shape and the extent of the liver resected were very similar in the simulated and the actual hepatectomies. The mean differences in the length, breadth and depth of the remnant livers were 0. 6118 cm,0. 4490 cm and 0. 3199 cm, respectively. ConclusionsSimulation hepatectomy could predict the extent of the actual liver resection, and provided accurate guidance and preoperative planning for precise hepatectomy.

Objective To explore the preparation and quality control of As2 O3 nanoparticle .Methods PEG‐PLA was used as the vector material to prepare As2 O3 nanoparticle with ultrasonic emulsification method ,and the VEGFR‐2 was coupled to obtain VEGFR‐2/As2 O3‐PEG‐PLA nanoparticle .The particle size distribution ,Zata potential ,loading efficiency (LE) ,encapsulation effi‐ciency(EE) ,drug release in vitro and stability was determined ,and morphological characteristics was observed by transmission elec‐tron microscope(TEM) .Tweety‐four hepatocellular carcinoma nude mices were randomly divided into VEGFR‐2/As2O3‐PEG‐PLA nanoparticles group and As2 O3‐PEG‐PLA nanoparticles group ,by tail vein injection of nanoparticles .High performance liquid chro‐matography was used to determine content of As2 O3 .After 21 d ,six nude mices in each group were killed ,and the immunohisto‐chemistry and western blot method was used to detect the expression of VEGFR‐2 .Results The particle size of VEGFR‐2/As2 O3‐PEG‐PLA was determined to be (141 .9 ± 13 .2)nm ,Zata potential was (10 .2 ± 1 .1)mV .It was found to spherical or oval shape , with uniform size and dispersibility under TEM .LE and EE was (5 .51 ± 1 .83)% and (62 .12 ± 5 .98)% ,respectively .Drug release in vitro showed that VEGFR‐2/As2 O3‐PEG‐PLA exhibited controlled release effect ,with half of the release time as 10 h .Besides , VEGFR‐2/As2 O3‐PEG‐PLA showed a good stability in 3 days .Compared with As2 O3‐PEG‐PLA nanoparticles group ,the concen‐tration of As2 O3 in tumor and liver tissue was high ,the concentration of As2 O3 in blood ,heart ,kidney tissue was low ,the expression of VEGFR‐2 in tumor tissue was low in VEGFR‐2/As2O3‐PEG‐PLA nanoparticles group(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The prepared As2 O3 nanoparticle using PEG‐PLA as vector and VEGFR‐2 as target showed uniform size ,high EE and LE ,good stability .And it preliminarily proved that VEGFR‐2 could be targeted in nude mice .

Objective To prepare the immunoconjugate composed of Adriamycin nanoparticles and VEGFR 2 monoclonal antibody(conjugate of ADM-NP and VEGFR 2-MAb) and study its pharmacokinetics property. Methods Adriamycin nanoparticles were prepared by using double emulsion method, with PLA and O-CMC as materials. Conjugate of ADM-NP and VEGFR 2-MAb was prepared by using molecule conjugate technology. Immunoreactivity of the conjugate with type IV collagenase and H 22 cell were analyzed by using ELISA. Pharmacokinetics parameters of the immunoconjugate were obtained by using SD rats as study objects. Results The prepared ADM-NP was sphere particles under SEM, which diameters were (160±34) nm. The drug loading rate and entrapment rate were (30.15±3.5)% and (80.56±4.24)% respectively. Conjugate of ADM-NP and VEGFR 2-MAb was successfully prepared, which had immunoreactivity with type IV collagenase and H 22 cell. The immunoconjugate showed good ADM control-release ability and could prolong the retention time of ADM in vivo. Conclusion Conjugate of ADM-NP and VEGFR 2-MAb keeps the immunoreactivity of VEGFR 2-MAb and shows good ADM control-release ability.