OBJECTIVE Toestablisharecombinantcelllinethatcanstablyexpressratpurinergic P2receptorP2X4(rP2X4R).METHODS ToconstructgreenfluorescentproteinandrP2X4recombinant plasmid (pEGFP-N1-rP2X4),lipofectamine was used to transfect pEGFP-N1-rP2X4 into human embry-onic kidney (HEK293)cells that were screened with G41 8 (1 g·L-1 ).The quantitative expression of rP2X4 receptor was verified by qRT-PCR and Western blotting analysis.Whole-cell patch clamp record-ing was used to investigate the function of the stably expressed rP2X4 receptor. RESULTS The sequence of plasmid pEGFP-N1-rP2X4 was verified by PubMed Blastn comparison.qRT-PCR and Western blotting analysis demonstrated that the expression of rP2X4 receptor in HEK293-pEGFP-N1-rP2X4 cell lines remained stable after 25 generations (P1 ,P3,P5,P10,P15,P20 and P25).Whole-cell patch clamp recording experiments showed that the rP2X4 receptor agonist,purine-5′-triphosphate (ATP,3.0 μmol·L-1 ),could activate rP2X4 receptors in HEK293-pEGFP-N1-rP2X4 cell lines.Specific activating current could be blocked by non-selective rP2X4 receptor antagonist TNP-ATP (30.0μmol·L-1).CONCLUSION rP2X4receptorisstablyexpressedinHEK293-pEGFP-N1-rP2X4cell line and maintains stable expression and function within 25 continuous generations.The establish ment of HEK293-pEGFP-N1-rP2X4 cell line can contribute to further investigations of the roles of rP2X4 receptors in neuropathic pain.

Objective To investigate the factors of hospitalization expense in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing non-emergency surgery.Methods A retrospective study included diabetic (109 cases) and control (162 cases) groups.Hospitalization expense and other observation indices were compared between two groups and subgroups.The factors that contribute to hospitalization expense were analyzed with multifactor regression analysis model.Results The median hospitalization expense was 12 014.74 yuan in the diabetic group,1.24 times than that in the control group (P =0.001).Diabetic group has higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification,longer wound healing time,higher postoperative infection rate,and longer hospital stay (P ＜ 0.01).Multifactor analysis revealed that the significant factors that influence the hospitalization expense were ASA classification (β =0.442,P =0.000),postoperative fasting plasma glucose (β =0.204,P =0.020),and postoperative infection (β =0.204,P =0.019).No significant difference was found in postoperative infection rate and hospitalization expense between two groups,when patients had received minimally invasive surgeries (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Type 2 diabetes patients have higher hospitalization expense;ASA classification,postoperative fasting plasma glucose,and postoperative infection are the main influence factors.Giving priority to minimally invasive surgeries and enhancing perioperative glucose control can help to reduce hospitalization expense in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological features of postmenopausal women with thickening endometrial. Methods Totally 187 patients with postmenopausal endometrial thickening by transvaginal B-ultrasound were divided into symptomatic group (n=104)and asymptomatic group (n=83).Their body mass index,age of menarche and menopause,history of menstruation and reproductive,application of estrogen,and hypertension and diabetes were collected.All the patients underwent hysteroscopy and biopsy procedures. Results There was no difference between two groups in body mass index [ (24.3 ± 3.2) kg/m2 vs.(23.3 ± 2.6) kg/m2,t =3.79,P =0.052]. The postmenopausal time of symptomatic patients in the group was shorter than the asymptomatic [ ( 14.6 ± 2.4) years vs.( 16.5 ± 2.9 ) years,t =4.12,P =0.039].The patients in the asymptomatic group were older than the patients in the symptomatic group [(68.1 ±4.8) years vs.(66.1± 5.5) years,F=3.89,P =0.046].The average endometrial thickness of patients in the asymptomatic group showed no difference compared with patients in the symptomatic group [(7.2 ±1.4) mm vs. (7.8 ± 2.0) mm,F=3.21,P=0.065]. There were 5 cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma,1 case of endometrial atypical hyperplasia,38 cases of endometrial polyp,25 cases of submucosal hysteromyoma,14 cases of proliferative phase endometrium in the asymptomatic group;while 8 cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma,1 case of endometrial stromal sarcoma,4 cases of endometrial serous papillary carcinoma,5 cases of endometrial atypical hyperplasia,47 cases of endometrial polyps,21 cases of submucosal hysteromyoma,2 cases of uterine empyema,8 cases of chronic inflammation of the endometrium, 8 cases of proliferative phase endometrium in the symptomatic group,respectively. Conclusions Most of endometrial thickness in postmenopausal women are benign lesions, mainly including endometrial polyps and submucous myoma, but endometrial cancer accounts for a certain percentage. Hysteroscopy is minimally invasive,safe and with specificity for the diagnosis and treatment of endometrial lesions.

Objective To study the flow fields of electrolysis oxygen generation with micro-flow-channels of small square cylinders and the key structure factors impacting on the uniform distribution of the water flow in the micro-flow-channels.Methods The low Renault k-? model was used to represent the characteristics of the flow field in the micro-flow-channels.And the simulation results of the flow fields by CFD were calibrated by comparing with that of the particle image velocimetry(PIV) experiments,which showed that the low Renault k-? model was suitable to describe the flow field of the micro-flow-channels.Results The flow fields of variable flow were obtained.Conclusion The flow fields of variable flow rates distribute non-uniformly.The velocity magnitude is 10-3m/s,and the inlet structure of the electrolysis oxygen generation is a key factor impacting on the uniform distribution of the water flow.

BACKGROUND: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), a kind of adult stem cells, possess plasticity and can be induced into myocardial cells under certain conditions. Autologous ADSCs transplanted into the infarct area can differentiate into myocardial cells and vascular endothelial cells to construct new vessels and thereby improve cardiac pump function. OBJECTIVE: To study the factors that influence ADSCs differentiation and transplantation and the current clinical and laboratory research progress of ADSCs transplantation for treatment of cardiomyopathy.METHODS: A computer-based retrieval was performed in Medline (between January 1990 and April 2010), PubMed database, the China Biological Medicine Database (CBM) (between January 1990 and April 2010), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) with the keywords adipose-derived stem cells, myocardial cells, cell differentiation, cell transplantation, cardiomyopathy treatment.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 30 articles, consisting of 6 reviews and 24 randomized controlled trials, were obtained. At present, there have been uniform methods of ADSCs isolation and culture, and ADSCs can be effectively proliferated in vitro, but there have been no direct methods to identify these stem cells. ADSCs differentiation can be induced both in vitro and in vivo, besides, with a characteristic of early differentiation. ADSCs transplantation is a more conductive therapy for myocardial disease compared with bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation. Different ADSCs transplantation methods should be carried out in different types of cardiomyopathy. Stem cell labeling technique can help to dynamically monitor implanted in vivo. Transplantion of autologous ADSCs is a new way to treating cardiomyopathy. However, for successes in clinical practice, the method to inhibit tumor cells-promoting characteristics is needed to ensure long-term safety of the patients receiving ADSCs transplantation.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have demonstrated that transplanted neural stem cells can survive and proliferate in the brain of Alzheimer disease(AD)rats,however,it is poorly understood whether it can rebuild the nerve tracts by substituting the injured or dead neurons and improve learning and memory abilities.Synaptophysin is one of the important markers of synaptic rebuilding.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of neural stem cell transplantation on synaptophysin expression in hippocampus and learning and memory abilities of AD rats.METHODS:Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into the normal control,AD model,2-week-transplantation and 4-week-transplantation groups.All rats were established AD models except that in the normal control group.Neural stem cells were isolated from the dentate gyrus of hippocampus of newborn rats,labeled with Hoechst33258,and then transplanted into CA1 region of hippocampus of rats in the 2-week-transplantation and 4-week-transplantation groups.The behavioral testing in the rats was performed using Y-maze trial.Nissl staining and synaptophysin immunohistochemistry were detected after the rats were sacrificed.The same volume of stroke-physiological saline solution was injected into rats in the AD models group using the identical methods.There was no treatment in the normal control group.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:①The cells number in the hippocampal CA1 region of the 2-week-transplantation and 4-week-transplantation groups were increased than that of AD model group,but were still less than that of the normal control group(P ＜ 0.05).There was no significantly difference between the absorbance values of 2-or 4-week-transplantation group and control group(P ＞ 0.05).②The absorbance values of the 2-week-transplantation and 4-week-transplantation were significantly greater than that of the control and AD model groups(P ＜ 0.05).③The learning and memory abilities in 2-and 4-week-transplantation group enhanced obviously and their correct reaction rates improved evidently,which was found statistically significant difference from AD model group(P ＜ 0.05),while no statistically significant difference from control group(P ＞ 0.05).The transplanted neural stem cells may promote the synaptic rebuilding and improve learning and memory abilities in AD rats.

Objective:To research the stability of Dazhu Hongjingtian injection combined with four different infusion solutions (0. 9% sodium chloride injection, 5% glucose injection, fructose injection, xylitol and sodium chloride injection) . Methods:The insolu-ble particles and pH value of Dazhu Hongjingtian injection in 0, 0. 5,1,2,4 and 8h after the combination were detected by the methods described in China Pharmacopeia ( 2010 edition ) . Results: Dazhu Hongjingtian injection combined with the four infusion solutions showed no significant changes in appearance and pH value in 8h. The number of insoluble particles in Dazhu Hongjingtian injection combined with 0. 9% sodium chloride injection and 5% glucose injection met the requirement in the pharmacopeia, and that in 0. 9%sodium chloride injection was lower than that in 5% glucose injection. The quantity of insoluble particles in Dazhu Hongjingtian injec-tion combined with fructose injection exceeded the standard level, and showed remarkable change in the fourth hour. The quantity of insoluble particles in xylitol and sodium chloride injection slightly exceeded the standard. Conclusion: Dazhu Hongjingtian injection can be mixed with 0. 9% sodium chloride injection and 5% glucose injection, and fructose injection and xylitol and sodium chloride in-jection are not suitable for the solvent of Dazhu Hongjingtian injection. Although there is no instruction indicating that 0. 9% sodium chloride injection can be used as the suitable solvent for Dazhu Hongjingtian injection, the results of the experiment can be reasonable reference for diabetes patients treated with Dazhu Hongjingtian injection.

Objective To investigate the changes and significances of vaginal microecology in elderly postmenopausal women.Methods 50 postmenopausal women and 68 reproductive age women with no subjective symptoms and normal vaginal microecological who had health examination in Beijing Hospital were selected.The contents and strains of vaginal lactobacilli in both groups were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR),and their differences between the two groups were analyzed.Results 92％ (46 cases) of postmenopausal women had only one vaginal lactobacillus strain in vaginal,and 8％(4 cases) of them had two lactobacillus strains in vaginal.But 4％(3 cases) of reproductive-age women had only one vaginal lactobacillus strain in vaginal,and 96％ (65 cases) of them had two and more lactobacillus strains in vaginal.There was a significant difference in the strains of vaginal lactobacilli between the two groups (x2=91.035,P=0.000).The strains of vaginal lacmbacilli ranking top 4 detection rate was Lactobaeillus jensenii (30.0％),Lactobacillus gasseri (22.6％),Lactobacillus crispatus (16.9％) and Lactobacillus inert (13.2％) in postmenopausal women,while Lactobacillus inert (80.8 ％),Lactobacillus crispatus (70.5 ％),Lactobacillus gasseri (67.6％) and Lactobacillus jensenii (39.7％) in reproductive-age women.The content of 16s rDNA from vaginal lactobacillus was more in reproductive age women than in postmenopausal women [(87.3 ±0.8) ng/g total DNA vs.(35.1±3.6) ng / g total DNA,t=6.514,P=0.048].Conclusions Lactobacillus strains colonizing in vaginal are different between postmenopausal women and reproductive age women,and the content of the vaginal lactobacillus is reduced significantly in postmenopausal women.

TakingY Generationundergraduates of medical colleges and universities in China as the study objects, the paper ana-lyzes characteristics and deficiencies of their information behaviors.It proposes the strategies to enhance the information quality education and the service level including improving services based on characteristics ofY Generation, penetrating medical information quality ed-ucation from all dimensions and angles, valuing continuing education for librarians.

Construction of content management system for mobile library using Drupal can meet the requirements of mobile library which can thus provide better service for readers because of its high integrality, interconnection , intelligibility , convenience , maintainability , and expandability .That is why the whole construction process of content management system for mobile library using Drupal is described in this paper .