Objective: To develop price framework of medical service price project and introduce the weights calculation method of the new edition medical service price project. Methods: According to the new instruction manuals of medical service price and the research of the resource costs based on the relative value(RBRVS)of the U.S. Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) and the American Medical Association ( AMA ) , an analysis framework and dimension of medical service price was raised and authoritative international medical service project price methods w ere summarized. Results: Based on the percentages of constituted factors and the professional features, it found the weights calculation model could be constructed with the weights model, and it could calculate the weights of the elements. Conclusion: Medical service price can be measured and comprehensively researched from the different dimensions of the medical service price, so as to carry out the pricing work of medical service price project and provide better service for pharmaceutical reform.

Sialolithiasis is a common disease of the salivary gland. This disease mainly involves the major salivary gland. Sialolithiasis of the minor salivary gland is rare. A case of sialolithiasis of the upper lip was reported, and relevant literature was reviewed in this paper.
Humans ; Lip ; Mouth Mucosa ; Salivary Gland Calculi ; Salivary Glands, Minor

Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma occurring in the sublingual gland is extremely rare. In this report, a case of adenoid cystic carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the sublingual gland was presented.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Humans ; Sublingual Gland ; Sublingual Gland Neoplasms

BACKGROUND: The cerebral edema after brain injury is associated with the generation of oxygen-derived free radicals after ischemia reperfusion.Hyperbaric oxygen can relieve the cerebral edema and ameliorate the tissue hypoxia.OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of hyperbaric oxygen on cerebral edema and the lipid peroxide after brain injury in rats.DESIGN: A random controlled trial.SETTING: Institute of Field Surgery, Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen and the Fourth Room of the Institute of Field Surgery,Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA between March and June 2004. Fifty-eight 3-month-old Wistar rats of clean degree with the body mass of (256±23) g were used.METHODS: The 58 rats were randomly divided into control group (n=17),brain injury group (n=22) and hyperbaric oxygen group (n=19). The struck test was not conducted in the control group. The rats in the brain injury group and hyperbaric oxygen group were anesthetized, then the right calveria was struck with the BIM-Ⅲ striker, and closed brain injury was duplicated. After brain injury, rats in the hyperbaric oxygen group were placed into a hyperbaric oxygen chamber of 2 absolute atmospheric pressures for 2 hours, and the rats were killed at 24 hours after injury by taking blood from heart.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The water content of brain tissue, content of Evans blue, and the contents of the lipid peroxide malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain and plasma after brain injury were observed.RESULTS: Totally 41 rats were injured, and 7 died after 24 hours, including 2 in the hyperbaric oxygen group and 5 in the brain injury group, and brain tissue: The water content of right brain in the brain injury group was obviously higher than that in the hyperbaric oxygen group and control group [(79.06±0.52)%, (78.38±0.37), (78.21±0.25)%, t=3.022-3.285, P ＜ 0.01]. In the brain injury group, the water content of right brain was obviously higher than that of left brain [(79.06±0.52), (78.57±0.14)%, t=2.651, P ＜ 0.05].injury group was obviously higher than that in the hyperbaric oxygen group and control group [(197.28±31.49), (167.65±25.88), (145.07±30.45) nmol/g,t=2.231-3.347, P ＜ 0.01-0.05]. In the brain injury group, the MDA content of right brain was obviously higher than that of left brain [(197.28of MDA: It was markedly higher in the brain injury group than in the control group [(2.69±0.54), (1.94±0.40) μmol/L, t=2.473, P ＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION: The hyperbaric oxygen therapy after brain injury can obviously decrease the water content and MDA content in brain tissue of the injured side, and such is the case with the MDA content in plasma,which is indicated that hyperbaric oxygen has a therapeutic effect on brain injury.

Objective To observe the effectiveness and mechanism of Xiaoyao San (Xiaoyao Powder for Soothing Liver and Relieving Depression) in improving depression-like behavior of rats. Methods Male Wistar rats were randomized into normal group, model group, Xiaoyao San (1.9 g·kg-1·d-1) group, and fluoxetine (2 mg·kg-1·d-1) group. The rats were exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress ( CUMS) to induce rat depression-like behavior. Field test was performed for the observation of effect of Xiaoyao San on rat depression-like behavior, Luminex liquid chip system was applied to detect the serum cytokines, and the amount and size of rat hepatic sinusoidal endothelial window were examined under electron microscope, and hepatic indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase ( IDO) and tryptophan 2, 3 -dioxygenaes ( TDO) expression levels were detected by immunohistochemical and Western blot methods. Results Xiaoyao San showed obvious effect on increasing sugar water consumption, the number of crossing the blocks and erection frequency in rats, decreasing serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-α) and interleukin 6 ( IL-6) , increasing the amount of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial window, promoting hepatic sinusoidal endothelial vascularization, and reducing TDO and IDO expression ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion Xiaoyao San exerts obvious effect on improving rat depression-like behaviors, and the mechanism is probably related with the decrease of inflammatory factors, inhibition of IDO pathway, and improvement of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial function.

Objective To study the feasibility, safety and clinical application value of LRH, comparing with abdominal radical hysterectomy (ARH) . Methods A total of 80 patients' clinical data were collected to analyze the development of LRH in Yunnan Tumor Hospital while compared with another 40 patients between June 2012 to June 2013 of ARH for some associative indexes. Results The patients were divided into group A and B equally.Compared with Grope A, the time of operation decreased 26.9%, 37.2% has been augment for lymph gland sweeping, the amount of bleeding and intraoperative complication reduced 37.3% and 7.5% in Grope D, respectively, with distinctive difference ( >0.05) .Hospitalization expenses had a small degree reduced but no distinctive difference.The learning curve of LRH was 40 approximately.Comparison between LRH and ARH in the same period showed that LRH was more splendid than ARH in several index.1 case relapsed in 2-48 months follow-up in ARH while no relapse in the other group. Conclusion LRH is safe and feasible and has good prospects in clinical application and deserves clinical generalization because of its advantages such as less trauma,less pains, quick recovery,less scars and aesthetical appearance.

The postoperative recurrence of ameloblastoma is common. However, ectopic recurrence in clinical operations is rare. A case of ectopic recurrence of ameloblastoma in the bucca region of the mandible after 15 years is presented in this paper. The causes of the ectopic recurrence were analyzed based on relevant literature.
Ameloblastoma ; Cheek ; Choristoma ; Humans ; Mandible ; Mandibular Neoplasms ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Postoperative Period

In this study, we evaluated the difference ot biological characteristics in the MERS-CoV infected mice model in prior to transduction with different dosage of human DPP4. Firstly, we transduced different dosage of DPP4 (high or low) into mice, and then challenged them with MERS-CoV in order to establish the model. After establishment of mice model, we observed the clinical signs of disease, virus replication, immunopathogenesis and antibody response. The results indicated that the infected mice showed typical pneumonia, virus replication, histological lesions, and neutralizing antibody production. Moreover, the high dosage group was superior to the low dosage group. Fourteen days after infection, the specific antibody to virus structural protein and neutralizing antibody were analyzed, the high dosage group induced higher level antibody. In summary, the MERS-CoV infected mice model were established prior transduction with DPP4, and the level of DPP4 influenced the clinical signs of disease, virus replication and antibody response in this model.
Animals ; Coronavirus Infections ; enzymology ; genetics ; pathology ; virology ; Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ; genetics ; physiology

AIM:To analyze the correlation between serum angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) levels and different stages of coronary heart disease (CHD), and to explore the change of serum ACE2 level during the development of CHD.METHODS:The control group included 85 non-CHD samples, and 174 CHD samples were divided into light stenosis (ls-CHD, stenosis degree <50%) group, moderate stenosis (ms-CHD, stenosis degree 50%~75%) group and severe stenosis (ss-CHD, stenosis degree ≥75%) group.The ACE2 level in each serum sample was detected by ELISA.The relationship between the ACE2 level and the development of coronary heart disease was explored by statistical analysis of serum ACE2 levels in different stages of CHD.RESULTS:The serum ACE2 levels in ls-CHD group, ms-CHD group and ss-CHD group were all higher than that in control group.The more severe the coronary artery stenosis existed, the higher the ACE2 level was observed.The serum ACE2 level in the males was higher than that in the females.In a single sex, the serum ACE2 levels in ls-CHD group, ms-CHD group and ss-CHD group were higher than that in control group with significant differences.Regression analysis found that sex, diabetes and CHD were associated with the serum ACE2 levels.Among them, sex and CHD were the independent factors to affect serum ACE2 levels.CONCLUSION:The serum ACE2 level of males was higher than that of females.Compared with the non-CHD samples, the serum ACE2 level of CHD patients was higher than that of the non-CHD samples.During the development of coronary heart disease, the serum ACE2 level increased constantly.

Objective Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) against p38 and simulated lung transplantation model,we discussed the effect of p38 siRNA on hypoxia/reoxygenation injury of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) after lung transplantation.Methods We transfected the PMVECs with p38 siRNA or non-targeting (NT) siRNA.After 48 h,these cells were exposed to simulated ischemia-reperfusion.At 2 h and 4 h of reperfusion,we detected lactate dehydrofenase (LDH) leakage rate,malondialdehyde (MDA) levels,superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity,cell apoptosis,and the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1,IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α.Protein levels of p38,NF-κB and AP-1 were detected.Untreated PMVECs served as the negative control.Results As compared with NT siRNA,p38 siRNA reduced LDH leakage rate (22.3 ± 5.7 vs.45.1 ± 6.2 and 46.3 ± 7.3 vs.75.6 ± 12.4),decreased MDA levels (4.1 ± 2.2 vs.7.1 ± 2.1 and 3.9 ± 0.5 vs.6.1 ± 1.2),increased SOD activity (12.8 ± 3.2 vs.9.4 ± 1.1 and 10.8 ± 1.2 vs.7.0 ± 1.1),and inhibited apoptosis (2.8 ± 0.6 vs.4.1 ± 1.4 and 3.1 ± 1.1 vs.5.8 ± 1.3).p38 siRNA reduced the levels of IL-1 (288 ± 89 vs.592 ± 95 and 380 ± 94 vs.775 ± 175) and IL-6 (38 ± 5 vs.70 ± 12 and 80 ± 20 vs.118-± 17),however,had no influence on TNF-α level.Silencing p38 gene decreased phosphorylation of p65 and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase β,and increased inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B expression.However,p38 siRNA had no effect on the phosphorylation of c-Jun and c-Fos.Conclusion Through inhibiting the NF-κB classic activation pathway,p38 siRNA reduced oxidative stress,inflammation and apoptosis of rat PMVECs,protected membrane integrity,and reduced hypoxia/reoxygenation injury.