The vehicle-mouted medical PSA oxygen generation system for driver on plateau is developed independently,according to the environment characteristics of high altitude and low air pressure on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,aiming at the actual vehicles support work of plateau troops,through two years' research and experiment again and again.By system workflow design,tests under various conditions,and applicability analysis,especially,the tests conducted on the simulation plateau artificial environment and the vehicle loading tests under five typical environments of Qinghai-Tibet Route at different altitudes,the system is proved to be reliable,satisfied and can meet the requirements of national standard for medical oxygen.

Objective A preliminary study was conducted on the measuring tool for teachers' attitude in the medical schools towards curriculum integration of medical program.Methods Literature review and expert interview were conducted to design a questionnaire which comprised 56 items to investigate teachers' attitude towards medical curriculum integration.The method of factor analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to evaluate structure validity,the content validity index I-CVI and S-CVI were used to evaluate the content validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient and split-half reliability were used to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire.Results Three principal components were extracted by factor analysis,which explained 59.219％ of the total variance.After rotation,the factors 1-3 were respectively defined as value recognition,participation initiative and emotional tendency.Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the three factors and all the items is 0.922,0.903,0.728 and 0.862 respectively.Conclusion The reliability and validity of the measurement tool is acceptable,and can be used as a reference for similar domestic survey

Objective To investigate the effects of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) pathway on podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy (DN) under inflammatory stress.Methods Male db/db mice and db/m mice were randomly divided into four groups (8 mice in each group):db/m group (control),casein injected db/m group (db/m + casein),db/db group (db/db),and casein injected db/db group (db/db + casein).An inflamed model of DN was established according to our previous study.24-hour urinary protein was measured every week.The plasma lipid profile was detected by clinical biochemistry assay.Podocyte changes were evaluated by electron microscope and immunofluorescent staining.Lipid accumulation in the kidney was evaluated by oil red O staining and intracellular cholesterol quantitative assay.The protein expression of Wilm's tumor-1 (WT-1),nephrin,α-smooth muscle actin (t-SMA),and molecules correlated with LDLr pathway were examined by immunohistochemical staining or Western blotting.The colocalized protein expression of LDLr with WT-1 was examined by immunofluorescent staining and laser confocal microscopy.Results There were no differences in plasma levels of LDL and HDL among four groups.Compared with db/db group,the db/db+ casein group showed markedly increased 24-hour urinary protein,more significant podocyte foot process effacement and podocyte damage,increased lipid droplet accumulation in kidneys,increased protein expressions of LDLr,SCAP and SREBP-2 in kidneys (all P ＜ 0.05).Interestingly,increased LDLr protein expression in kidneys of db/db mice was negatively correlated with decreased nephrin protein expression (r =-0.855,P ＜ 0.01) and positively correlated with increased α-SMA protein expression (r=0.768,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The disruption of LDLr pathway induced by inflammation contributes to podocyte injuries in diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To investigate the effects of monocytes on phenotypic changes of human proximal tubular HK-2 cells and the mechanism.Methods Monocytes were co-cultured with HK-2 cells.Morphological changes of HK-2 cells were detected by inverted phase contrast microscope.Expressions of E-cadherin,α-SMA and fibronectin were assessed by RT-PCR,Western blotting and immunocytochemical staining.Flow cytometry techniques was applied to evaluate intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression on HK-2 cells.The intracellular signal was investigated by gene microarr ay.Results The typical epithelial cell morphology of HK-2 cells disappeared after co-culture with monocytes,accompanied by decreased E-cadherin expression and increased α-SMA and fibronectin expression (all P＜0.05).The expression of ICAM-1 on HK-2 cells was increased by monocytes stimulation.Interestingly,administration of CD18 antibody directly inhibited the phenotypic change of HK-2 cells.Furthermore,NF-κB signaling might be critical in mediating this process,and blockade of this signaling pathway could inhibit 1CAM-1 expression and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) formation.Conclusion Monocytes can directly induce EMT of HK-2 cells via up-regulating ICAM-1 through NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the effect of irbesartan on cardiac endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in diabetic rats.Methods The model of diabetic rat was induced by intraperitoneal injection with streptozotocin (STZ,35 mg/kg) in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR).Diabetic rats were divided into diabetic group and the Irbesartan treated group.The pathological changes were investigated by fluorescence microscope and electron microscope.The EndMT was studied in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) exposure to high glucose.The concentration of angiotensin Ⅱ in the supernatant was detected by radioimmunoassay.Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the co-localization of CD31 and FSP1.Results The significant myocardial fibrosis was presented in the diabetic group.Endothelial protrusions were prominent feature in myocardial microvascular of diabetic rat compared with the control group rats.Double staining of HAEC showed co-localization of CD31 and FSP1,which was decreased by the treatment of Irbesartan (P ＜ 0.05).When HAEC was exposed to high glucose,it showed some cells acquired spindle-shaped morphology and lost CD31 staining,and FSP1 and α-SMA protein expression levels were markedly upregulated,which attenuated by the treatment of Irbesartan.Conclusion Irbesartan might prevent diabetes from myocardial fibrosis via inhibition of EndMT in diabetic rats.

Obj ective To compare yhe effecys of ywo enyeral nuyriyion payhways in Geriayric ICU payienys receiving mechanical venyilayion as well as adopyion of effecyive care measures in order yo provide a basis for implemenyayion of enyeral nuyriyion feeding in yhese payienys.Methods A case-conyrol syudy was used.Fifyy ICU payienys receiving mechanical venyilayion were randomly divid-ed inyo nasogasyric yube group and nasoinyesyinal yube group,25 cases for each.Boyh group received proper nursing measures.The yime of achieving yargey dose of nuyriyion,nuyriyion improvemeny in 2,3,4 weeks and yhe incidence of complicayions were analysed.Results The yime of achieving yargey dose in nasoinyesyinal yube group was significanyly less yhan yhose in nasogasyric yube group (P<0.05).Afyer 4-weeks yreaymeny,yhe levels of yoyal proyein,serum prealbumin and yransfer-rin were improved in boyh groups wiyh a significanyly greayer degree in nasoinyesyinal yube group (P<0 .05 ).The incidence of complicayions in nasoinyesyinal yube group is significanyly less yhan yhose in nasogasyric yube group (P<0 .05 ).Conclusion Nasoinyesyinal yube feeding combined wiyh proper nursing measures in elderly ICU payienys receiving mechanical venyilayion makes yhe yargey dose of nuyriyion easily achieved and reduces yhe incidence of complicayions of mechanical venyilayion such as aspirayion and abdominal disyension.

Obj ective To compare yhe effecys of ywo enyeral nuyriyion payhways in Geriayric ICU payienys receiving mechanical venyilayion as well as adopyion of effecyive care measures in order yo provide a basis for implemenyayion of enyeral nuyriyion feeding in yhese payienys.Methods A case-conyrol syudy was used.Fifyy ICU payienys receiving mechanical venyilayion were randomly divid-ed inyo nasogasyric yube group and nasoinyesyinal yube group,25 cases for each.Boyh group received proper nursing measures.The yime of achieving yargey dose of nuyriyion,nuyriyion improvemeny in 2,3,4 weeks and yhe incidence of complicayions were analysed.Results The yime of achieving yargey dose in nasoinyesyinal yube group was significanyly less yhan yhose in nasogasyric yube group (P<0.05).Afyer 4-weeks yreaymeny,yhe levels of yoyal proyein,serum prealbumin and yransfer-rin were improved in boyh groups wiyh a significanyly greayer degree in nasoinyesyinal yube group (P<0 .05 ).The incidence of complicayions in nasoinyesyinal yube group is significanyly less yhan yhose in nasogasyric yube group (P<0 .05 ).Conclusion Nasoinyesyinal yube feeding combined wiyh proper nursing measures in elderly ICU payienys receiving mechanical venyilayion makes yhe yargey dose of nuyriyion easily achieved and reduces yhe incidence of complicayions of mechanical venyilayion such as aspirayion and abdominal disyension.

Objectives　To investigate the efficacy of accelerating hemopoietic reconstraction and reducing a graft versus host disease (GVHD) in Allo-BMT receiving lenograstim stimulated donor marrow and to assess the preliminary biological mechanism . Methods　The donors for thirty patients (study group) with leukemia were given lenograstim 3-4?μg*kg-1*d-1 for seven days prior to marrow harvest. The results of subsequent engraftment in the recipients was compared with fifteen donors without G-CSF (control group). Five donors themselves were studied to assess the effects of lenograstion on hematopoietic progenitor cells and lymphocyte subsets in BM. Results　The stimulated bone marrow contained a higher number of nucleated cells, CFU-GM and CD34+ cells (P<0.01). The hematopoetic reconstitution was accelerated. Until granulocyte counts exceeded 0.5×109/L and plalete counts exceeded 20×109/L, the days were 16.7±3.2 and 18.4±3.0 days as compared with those of the control group (22.5±5.1 and 26.3±5.9 days respectively, P<0.01). The incidence of grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD was very low, only one case with grade Ⅱ aGVHD on the skin in the study group. Four out of fifteen patients (26.7%) in the control group had grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD (P<0.05). The number of T lymphocyte subsets in the harvested BM stimulated by G-CSF changed. In comparison with the control group, CD4+ decreased and CD8+ increased significantly (P<0.01). The changes of progenitor cells and T lymphocyte subsets in BM from pre- to post- G-CSF stimulation indicated that the percentage of CD4+ cells reduced (P<0.05), that of CD8+ cells, and that of CD34+ increased (P<0.01). The incidence of chronic GVHD and relapse of leukemia were not different significantly between both groups. Conclusions　Allogenic bone marrow transplant (Allo-BMT) donors given G-CSF can accelerate engraftment and minimize the incidence of severe aGVHD. There is a trend in favour of improved transplant-related complicatians.

OBJECTIVE： To establish the fingerprint of the ethanol e xtract from Melastoma dodecandrum ， to study spectrum-effect relationship of its antioxidant activity. METHODS ：HPLC method and Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint （2012 edition）were used to establish the fingerprints of 15 batches of ethanol extracts from M. dodecandrum，and heir similarity was evaluated. The common peaks were identified by comparing with substance control. DPPH free radical scavenging method ，ABTS free radical scavenging method and total antioxidant capacity determination method （FRAP） were used to determine antioxidant activity in vitro of 15 batches of ethanol extracts from M. dodecandrum . Principal component analysis，bivariate correlation analysis and partial least squares regression analysis were used to study the spectrum-effect relationship of the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extracts from M. dodecandrum . RESULTS ：Totally 20 common peaks were identified in HPLC fingerprints of 15 batches of ethanol extracts from M. dodecandrum ；its similarity with the control fingerprint was not less than 0.831；it was identified that peak 3 was gallic acid ，peak 13 was vitexin ，peak 17 was rutin and peak 19 was ellagic acid. The IC 50 values of DPPH radical scavenging method of 15 batches of ethanol extracts from M. dodecandrum were 21.98-57.87 μ g/mL，that of ABTS radical scavenging method were 40.94-101.88 μ g/mL，the results of FRAP method were 0.19-0.48 mg/mL. Principal component analysis showed that the contribution rate of IC 50 variance of DPPH was 80.77％. Bivariate correlation analysis showed that the peak areas of peak 2 （positive correlation ） and peak 11 （negative correlation ） were significantly correlated with antioxidant activity （P＜0.05）；partial least squares regression analysis showed that ，the variable projection importance （VIP）in descending order was peak 11＞peak 2＞peak 16＞peak 15＞peak 12＞peak 13＞peak 18，and their VIP values were greater than 1. Peaks 2，13，15，16 and 18 were positively correlated with antioxidant activity ，and peaks 11 and 12 were negatively correlate d with antioxidant activity ，and the absolute value of standardized regression coefficient were greater than 0.1. CONCLUSIONS ：Fifteen batches of ethanol extracts of M. dodecandrum have antioxidant activity in vitro . The compounds corresponding to common peaks 2，11，12， 13，15，16 and 18 may be the material basis of antioxidant activity of M. dodecandrum .

OBJECTIVE To provide a reference for improving the relevant standard operating procedures （SOP） and biological sample management in drug clinical trials. METHODS According to Good Clinical Practice， Data On-site Verification Points of Drugs Clinical Trials， Human Genetic Resources Management Regulations Implementation Rules， Qualification Examination Rules of Drug Clinical Trials Institution， based on the experience of managing clinical trials programs， the irregularities in biological samples management were analyzed by using statistical quality control tables and protocol deviation （PD） reported by sponsors， in the context of the quality control of drug clinical trials projects managed by the author from July 2016 to May 2023. The precautions in various aspects of sample management were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS A total of 101 biospecimen- related irregularities were found in the 60 drug clinical trials projects. Biological sample collection， preservation， and handling were the aspects with the highest incidence of irregular operations in biological sample management， accounting for 37.62%， 25.74%， and 21.78%， respectively. Regulating the management of biospecimens requires multiple efforts. The institutional office and the ethics committee carefully reviewed the consistency of the protocols， informed consent， and genetic office application involving biospecimen collection and handling when the project was initiated. Institutional office quality controllers should pay attention to the attendance and training of authorized personnel at project initiation. The principal investigator， research nurse， collector， handler， transporter， relevant personnel of the central laboratory， and institutional office quality controller have their roles during the project implementation phase. On this basis， all parties involved in the management of biological samples should do a good job of effective communication， find problems and report them in time， and conduct special studies on key aspects.