Objective To investigate a kind of new operation style aiming directly at middle and late stage cardic cancer. Methods To use the routine resection and retrograde resection simultaneusly as surgical treatment for those difficult to be exercised. Results This is no exploration case in this group. There is no case perioperation death. This method has improved the patient's epitite and quality of life (QOL)obviously. Conclusion This operation style provided a new kind of effective method for the treatment of middle and late stage cardic cancer. It set a solid foundation for improving the patient's QOL and combined treatment after the operation.

Objective To investigate the effect of isoflurane inhalation during gestation period on plasticity of hippo-campal synapses in offspring rats. Methods Ten healthy pregnant SD rats at 14 day gestation were randomly divided into 2 gorups ( n = 5 each): control group (group C) and isoflurane group (group I). The rats in group C were mechanically ventilated with O2 while in group I the rats inhaled 1.3% isoflurane in O2 for 2 h a day until labor. Four weeks after birth 4 offspring rats from each pregnant rats (2 male, 2 female) were tested for learning and memory abilities using Morris water maze. Then the offspring rats were sacrificed and hippocampi isolated. The synaptic structure of hippocampal CA1 area was examined by trans-electron microscopy. Results Morris water maze test showed that the escape latency was significantly shorter and the number of times of spanning flat roof greater in group C than in group I. The structure of hippocampus was intact in group C but incomplete in group I. Meanwhile the thickness of synaptic density was significantly decreased in group I. Conclusion Isoflurane anesthesia of pregnant rats may induce learning and memory disabilities in offspring rats by inhibiting the plasticity of synaptic structure in hippocampus.

Objective To analyze and compare the curative effect of thoracic laparoscopy combined with resection of esophageal carcinoma and conventional three incision resection of esophageal carcinoma .Methods From January 2012 to January 2016,sixty-two patients received esophageal cancer resection in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital were selected in the research.The patients were divided into laparoscopic group (28 cases) and traditional group(34 cases) according to surgical methods ,and they were treaded with thoracic laparoscopy combined with resection of esophageal carcinoma and three incision resection of esophageal carcinoma ,respectively.The amount of blood loss , the number of lymph node dissection ,the postoperative 1d flow,the ventilator use of 24h and the number of tracheotomy were recorded.The time of hospitalization,the time of closed drainage and the incidence of postoperative complications were recorded and compared between the two groups at discharge time.Results The operative time,amount of blood loss,drainage volume,drainage time and hospitalization time of the laparoscopic group were (3.22 ±0.64)h,(218.20 ± 45.42)mL,(235.67 ±42.15)mL,(3.32 ±1.81)d,(14.28 ±2.53)d,respectively,which were significantly lower than those of the traditional group [(4.52 ±1.11)h,(407.42 ±50.06)mL,(321.71 ±37.82)mL,(5.16 ±1.78)d, (17.35 ±4.38)d,t＝5.764,15.438,8.465,4.020,3.448,all P＜0.05].The incidence rates of pulmonary infection and atelectasis in the laparoscopic group were 3.57% and 0.00%,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the traditional group (23.53% and 17.65%,χ2＝4.929,5.471,all P＜0.05).The ventilator -assisted breathing rate and postoperative tracheotomy rate of the laparoscopic group were both 0.00%,which were significantly lower than those of the traditional group (23.53%and 14.71%,χ2＝7.564,4.479,all P＜0.05).Conclusion It is safe and reliable to complete lymph node dissection and surgical treatment of thoracic laparoscopy combined with resection of esophageal carcinoma,and compared with conventional three incision resection of esophageal carcinoma it has the advantages of small trauma,low incidence rate of complication and fast recovery,which is worthy of further promotion.

OBJECTIVEIn China, the coverage rate of work injury insurance was 23.2%in 2011, which was far lower than expected. The factors affecting the insurance's enrollment has very little known. This paper aims to study the existing coverage of work injury insurance scheme and its influencing factors.

METHODSThe data were collected from 2 836 workers who came from 9 industries in three cities of Zhejiang province using face-to-face questionnaire interview.

RESULTSOf these 2836 workers, the work injury insurance coverage was 50.1%, and 29.6% were not sure if they were covered or not. The results showed that the awareness of occupational disease and industrial injury insurance was helpful in increasing the coverage rate. Besides, the logistic regression analysis showed that in certain circumstances working population shared higher coverage of work injury insurance. For examples, male workers with local household registration and longer working years; people who had been informed about occupational risk factors, and thus gained more training on the issue; people who had exposed to occupational hazards or involved in administrative duties; and people who had already insured by a medical insurance scheme. In the contrary, the heavier family burden with longer working hours per week they needed, the lower possibility they joined the insurance scheme.

CONCLUSIONSThe coverage of work injury insurance is higher than native average level but much lower than the average international level. The awareness of occupational disease and injury insurance was closely associated with the coverage of work injury insurance. Therefore, it is imperative to popularize the knowledge on OHS for migrant workers, as well as to reinforce the supervision and management of the issue would have been an effective way to elevate the coverage rate of work injury insurance.

China ; Cities ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Insurance Coverage ; statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Occupational Diseases ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Transients and Migrants

OBJECTIVETo investigate workers' willingness to participate and wiliness to pay for a hypothetical industrial injury insurance scheme, to analyze the influential factors, and to provide information for policy making of the government.

METHODSMultistage cluster sampling was used to select subjects: In the first stage, 9 small, medium, orlarge enterprises were selected fromthree cities (counties) in Zhejiang province, China, according to the level of economic development, transportation convenience, and cooperation of government agencies; in the second stage, several workshops were randomly selected from each of the 9 enterprises. Face-to-face interviews among all workers in the workshops were conducted by trained interviewers using a pre-designed questionnaire.

RESULTSIt was found that 73.87% (2095) of all workers were willing to participate in the hypothetical work injury insurance scheme and to pay 2.21% of monthly wage (51.77 yuan) on average, and more than half of the workers were willing to pay less than 1%of monthly wage (35 yuan). Of the 741 workers who were not willing to participate, 327 thought that the premium should be borne by the state or enterprises, instead of individuals, and others were not willing to participate because of low income, unstable job, or poor understanding of the hypothetical industrial injury insurance scheme. Logistic regression analysis showed that workers with higher education levels, longer length of services, longer weekly working time, or more knowledge of occupational diseases showed higher willingness to participate in the scheme; workers who were exposed to physical hazards, had health records, or had participated in the existing medical insurance or industrial injury insurance were more willing to participate. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that with increasing average monthly wage, weekly working time, and self?health evaluation, the proportion of workers with willingness to pay increased; however, with increasing work intensity and awareness of occupational disease, the proportion of workers with willingness to pay decreased. The workers who were not covered by the industrial injury insurance paid more than those covered by the industrial injury insurance.

CONCLUSIONThe hypothetical industrial injury insurance scheme increased the applicability and advantage of independent third-party running and lifetime insurance, which significantly increased the workers' willingness to participate in or to pay for the insurance scheme. Therefore, the industrial injury insurance can be improved in these aspects to promote workers' willingness to participate in and to pay for the insurance scheme. This conclusion provided a reference for the solution of delayed or shirking corporate responsibility for paying the premium.

Accidents, Occupational ; economics ; Attitude to Health ; China ; Cluster Analysis ; Financing, Personal ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Insurance ; Insurance, Health ; economics ; utilization ; Models, Theoretical ; Occupational Diseases ; economics ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To study the effects of mechanical load on in vivo degradation performance of high-purity magnesium (HP Mg, 99.99 wt.%) quantitatively. Methods Cylindrical Mg specimens, with a 2 mm diameter and a 14 mm length, were mounted in polyetheretherketone (PEEK) rings to bear compressive stresses ［（6.2±0.6） MPa］, tensile stresses ［（4.6±0.1） MPa］ or no stress (as control). The specimens under different stress states were implanted subcutaneously in dorsal abdominal regions of SD rats for 4 weeks. The mass loss, residual volume and surface morphology of the specimens and staining of surrounding soft tissues were used to analyze the degradation rate of HP Mg. Results Specimens and rings were completely encapsulated by membranous tissues after implantation for 4 weeks. No significant differences in the degradation rates were noted between specimens bearing stress and the control. The corrosion layers of specimens under each stress state were uniform. Conclusions The compressive and tensile stresses (4-6 MPa) could not affect significantly HP Mg degradation performance in vivo. The research findings provide theoretical references for the design and clinical application of Mg-based degradable implants.