With the development of science and society, increasing attention has been paid to the pollution of environmental estrogens. As one of environmental estrogens, bisphenol-A has been used in many fields, but it has many aspects of toxicity. The studies on the toxicity, environmental pollution, degradation and removal of bisphenol-A have become the research emphasis in recent years. The advances in the studies of these aspects were reviewed in this article briefly.

Objective To study the condition for Pseudomonas sp. W2 culture and degradation of bisphenol A(BPA). Methods The growth curve of Pseudomonas sp. W2 and BPA degradation curve were made concerned pH, temperature, aeration, carbon sources and nitrogen sources affecting Pseudomonas sp. W2 culture and BPA degradation. Results Under the conditions of pH=7, 25-35 ℃, certain carbon sources and nitrogen sources, Pseudomonas sp. W2 grew well and showed a good efficiency of BPA degradation. Conclusion Some wide conditions can meet the requirement of Pseudomonas sp. W2 growth and BPA degradation.

Objective To investigate the effect of applying scenario simulation practice in the professional ICU nursing students' emergency and intensive care intensified skill training before internship.Methods Totally 120 professional ICU nursing students from grade 2010 and 2011 were enrolled.Control group included 60 students from grade 2010 and experimental group included 60 students from grade 2011.Studnets in control group accepted standardized routine training while those in experimental group accepted scenario simulation practice.All students participated in skill examination after training.Two questionnaires were designed to survey nursing students and clinical teachers respectively at one month after internship.One questionnaire was to evaluate students' attitude to the training and the other one was to survey clinical teachers' evaluation of students' abilities.T test was used to statistically analyze skill examination performance and questionnaire scores between two groups.Results Skill examination performance of experimental group was better than that of control group (P＜0.01).Effects of intensified training were better in experimental group than in control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01) including the aspects of combining theory and practice,shortening internship role transition time,enhancing selfconfidence of clinical practice and relieving tension anxiety before practice,etc.Clinical teachers thought that the experimental group's analysis ability,strain capacity,operation ability,communication ability,team cooperation ability and actively acquiring knowledge ability were stronger than those of control group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Scenario simulation practice is helpful to improve operation ability and comprehensive ability.Nursing students can adapt to the clinical work better.Findings may be beneficial to the improve-ment of teachers' professional level.

AIM:To explore the effect of Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4)-Notch signaling pathway blockade on the development of Thelper 17(Th17) cells in the asthmatic mice.METHODS:Male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:control group, asthma group, normal saline group, anti-Dll4 antibody group, and immunoglobulin G group.The protein expression of Dll4 was detected by immunohistochemical staining.The proportion of Th17 cells in mouse spleen isolated CD4+ T cells was measured by flow cytometry.The protein expression of Th17 transcription factor retinoid-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) was determined by Western blot.The serum level of interleukin (IL)-17 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS:The expression of Dll4 in the lung tissues from asthma group significantly increased as compared with anti-Dll4 antibody group.The proportion of Th17 cells in CD4+ T cells was significantly down-regulated, and the protein expression of RORγt in the lung tissues was significantly reduced in anti-Dll4 antibody group compared with asthma group (P<0.05).Moreover, the serum level of IL-17 in anti-Dll4 antibody group was significantly reduced compared with asthma group (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The blockade of Dll4-Notch signaling pathway inhibits the differentiation of Th17 cells in asthmatic mice.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational drug use in elderly patients with depression. METHODS:A total of 96 elderly outpatients and inpatients with depression were selected from 39 mental health institutions of Hebei province during Jul. 2nd to 9th,2012. The drug use were surveyed by using self-made questionnaires on the basis of prescriptions/medical orders. The results of investigation were analyzed statistically. RESULTS:In this study,96 questionnaires were distributed and all were collect-ed with effective recovery rate of 100%. Among 96 respondents,95 elderly patients used a new type of antidepressants,mainly by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs),accounting for 75.0% of the total. The top 5 drugs in the list of use frequency were sertraline(23 cases,24.0%,daily dose:25-200 mg),paroxetine(22 cases,22.9%,daily dose:20-60 mg),escitalopram(20 cas-es,20.8%,daily dose:5-40 mg),venlafaxine (13 cases,13.5%,daily dose:75-300 mg),mirtazapine (12 cases,12.5%,daily dose:8-30 mg). Among all respondents,22 patients (22.9%) were treated with mono-antidepressant and the other 74 patients (77.1%) were treated with drug combination therapy among which 47 cases were treated with two antidepressant drugs,22 were treated with three drugs,4 were treated with four drugs and 1 was treated with five drugs. 6 cases combined with mood stabilizers, 21 cases with antipsychotic,50 cases with benzodiazepine(6 of them combined with two benzodiazepine),2 cases with other hyp-notic drugs,14 cases with anxiolytic drugs and 2 cases with anticholinergic drugs. CONCLUSIONS:The drug use of elderly pa-tients with depression in mental health institutions of Hebei province basically in line with current trends. However,there are still the phenomenon of irrational drug use as drug dose meets or exceeds the prescribed maximum dose;many varieties are used in combination therapy;route of administration is improper.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of a new low-dose oral contraceptive pill (YAZ) containing drospirenone 3 mg and ethinylestradiol 20 μg with placebo in reducing symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Methods This multicenter, double-blind, randomized clinical trial consisted of 2 run-in and 3 treatment cycles (84 days) with daily symptom charting; 187 women with symptoms of PMDD were randomized to either placebo group (n=94) or YAZ group (n=93), and assessed with daily record of severity of problems scale (DRSP) and clinical global impressions scale (CGI) before, during and after the treatments. Hormones were administered for 24 days, followed by 4 days of inactive pills. Results Compared with baseline level of DRSP, both groups got improvement after treatment; the YAZ group (median-28.7, range:-82.5 to 2.3) had greater improvement than that in the placebo group (median-23.7, range:-86.0 to 11.8), while there was not significant difference (P>0.05). The main adverse effects of YAZ included intermenstrual bleeding [13% (12/93) versus 3% (3/94)], menorrhagia [9% (8/93) versus 1%(1/94)], nausea [5%(5/93) versus 4%(4/94)] and skin rash [4%(4/93) versus 2%(2/94)]. Conclusions YAZ could improve symptoms of PMDD better than placebo, while without statistic significance in this study. The most common adverse effects are intermenstrual bleeding, menorrhagia, nausea and rash.

Cirrhotic portal hypertension can lead to serious complications including esophageal variceal bleeding. Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy can be used to evaluate the severity of portal hypertension and predict the risk of bleeding. However, both methods are invasive, which limits their clinical practice. Therefore, noninvasive techniques for the evaluation of portal hypertension will have certain advantages in clinical practice. This article introduces the noninvasive methods for the measurement of spleen stiffness, including transient elastography, acoustic radiation force impulse, real-time tissue elastography, and magnetic resonance elastography, as well as the value of these methods in evaluation of portal hypertension and influencing factors. It is pointed out that the difference in the diagnostic efficiency of spleen stiffness measured by these methods in portal hypertension needs to be verified by further studies.

Objective To investigate the expression of Scinderin(SCIN myoprotein) in breast cancer tissues and adjacent tissues,and to explore the relationship between the expression of Scinderin and different molecular subtypes of breast cancer as well as the clinical factors.Methods Immunohistochemical staining method was used to detect the expression of SCIN in 120 cases of breast carcinoma and 30 adjacent tissues.The relation between SCIN expression in breast cancer tissue and molecular subtypes,pathologic stage,age,tumor size,lymph node metastasis was analyzed.Results SCIN expression level in breast cancer tissue was lower than in the tissues adjacent to carcinoma (6.06±3.32 vs 7.77±3.32,P＜0.05).SCIN expression was associated with breast cancer molecular subtypes (P＜0.05),and it was irrelevant with age,tumor size,histological grade,lymph node metastasis,or clinical stage (P＞0.05).Conclusions The expression of SCIN in breast cancer tissues was lower than in the adjacent tissues.It is associated with breast cancer molecular subtypes.SCIN could become the protein markers of breast cancer molecular targeted therapy.

Objective:To explore the effect of health education based on theory of planned behavior combined with stepped care model on negative emotion, psychological flexibility and quality of life in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy.Methods:From October 2020 to December 2021, 108 chemotherapy patients who underwent lung cancer surgery in Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College and had anxiety or depression that scores was greater than 7 in any dimension of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were selected as the study subjects. The study subjects were divided into observation group ( n=46) and control group ( n=48) by random digits table method. Routine care was implemented in the control group. The observation group implemented health education based on the theory of planned behavior combined with stepped care model intervention. The HADS scale was used every 4 weeks to assess negative emotion in both groups. In observation, patients with negative emotion relief stop the next stage of nursing intervention, and patients without relief continue the next stage of higher intensity nursing intervention. Results:Before the intervention, there were no significant difference in the scores of negative emotion, psychological flexibility and quality of life between the two groups ( P>0.05). After intervention, the scores of all dimensions of negative emotion and the total score in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the differences had statistical significance ( t=4.86, 3.19 and 4.53, all P<0.05). After the intervention the scores of psychological flexibility and quality of life dimensions and the total score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, the differences had statistical significance (t values were -6.01--2.89, all P<0.05). After the intervention, there was no significant difference in the remission rate of negative emotions between the clinical observation stage of the observation group and the concurrent control group ( P>0.05). The remission rates of guided self-help, problem-solving therapy, psychological or drug therapy and total negative emotions in the observation group were 38.46%(15/39), 33.33%(8/24), 6/16 and 78.26%(36/46), respectively, which were higher than those in the control group, and the differences had statistical significance ( χ2 values were 7.04 - 13.80, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Health education based on the theory of planned behavior combined with stepped care model can effectively alleviate the negative emotions of lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and improve psychological flexibility and quality of life.

Humans ; Melanoma/therapy* ; Skin Neoplasms/therapy* ; Methylation ; Prognosis ; Immunotherapy ; RNA ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant