Objective To understand the mechanism of how cardiomyocytes exit from the cell cycle,we examined the expression of polo-like kinase 1(plk1) in the postnatal developmental process of cardiac myocytes. Methods Mitotic Index(MI) of cardiomyocytes was examined in the neonatal,2-week-old,4-week-old,and adult rat hearts(five cases per groups) by double immunofluorescence stained with H3P and ?-sarcomeric actin antibodies.plk1 mRNA and protein expression during the postnatal developmental process of cardiac myocytes were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis in rat hearts. Results The MI of cardiomyocytes in 0-day-old hearts(0.905?0.087%) was approximately 2.4 times over that in 2-week-old hearts(0.372?0.094%)(P

Objective To observe the incidence of fragmented QRS complex (fQRS)and ST Segment depression fQRS (STD fQRS)during the first 48 hours after non-ST elevation myocardial infarction(NSTE MI)and discuss the value of predicting mortality in patients with NSTE MI .Methods Based on the ECGs ,the patients with NSTE MI were divided into two groups :fQRS and non fQRS group .And then fQRS group was divided into two sub-groups :STD fQRS and non-STD fQRS group .Their mortality was studied during long-term follow-up .Results (1)731 patients with NSTE ACS [the NSTE MI group(n=609) and the UA group(n=122)] were studied .The incidence of fQRS in the NSTE MI group was higher than that of the UA group .(2)All cause mortality in the fQRS group were higher than that in the non-fQRS group ,and all-cause mortality in the STD fQRS group were higher than that in the non-STD fQRS group ,all the above results were not only in the early stages of NSTE MI ,but also in the long term fol-low-up .(3) Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that STD fQRS was an independent significant predictor for all cause mortality ,but not of the fQRS .Conclusion The STD fQRS may be an independent predictor of mortality in patients with NSTE MI .

Objective To develop the Assessment Scale for Patient Safety Culture in ICU and do psychometric test.Methods The Assessment Scale for Patient Safety Culture in ICU was developed based on literature review,qualitative interview,and two-round Delphi consultation.The reliability and validity were tested among 235 chnical nurses and doctors in ICU.Results A 45-item questionnaire was originally developed and eleven of them were deleted after subjective screening,project analysis and exploratory factor analysis.Seven factors were extracted with cumulative contribution rate of 59.347％.The scale of total Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.909; the split half reliability was 0.832.Each dimension of Cronbach's alpha coefficient was between 0.481～0.909,and the split half reliability was 0.481～0.866.All had significance in statistics above.Conclusions The Assessment Scale for Patient Safety Culture in ICU has good reliability and validity,which can be used to evaluate the ICU patient safety culture atmosphere domestically.

Objective To investigate the correlation between spot albuminuria to creatinine ratio (ACR) and 24 h urinary protein excretion in women with preeclampsia and determine the optimal cut-off values of spot ACR in mild preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia.Methods Twenty-eight women with mild preeclampsia and 22 with severe preeclampsia at Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University between October 2010 and June 2011 were recruited.Maternal serum cystatin,uric acid,mea nitrogen,creatinine and albumin levels were collected and analyzed.Twenty-four hours urinary protein excretion was measured with immunoturbidimetric assay and ACR with automatic analyzer DCA2000.The correlation between ACR and 24 hours urinary protein excretion was explored.And the optimal cut-off values of the spot ACR for mild and severe preeclampsia were determined with receiver operating characteristic curve.Results ( 1 )Maternal serum biochemical parameters:uric acid levels in mild and severe preeclampsia were (359 ± 114)μmol/L and (450 ± 132) μmol/L,while cystatin levels were ( 1.3 ±0.3) mg/L and ( 1.6 ±0.5) mg/L respectively.The differences were statistically significant ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Serum urea nitrogen,creatinine and albumin in mild preeclampsia were(3.6 ± 1.6) mmol/L,(52 ± 38 ) μmol/L and ( 33 ± 3 ) g/L,while in severe preeclampsia were( 6.2 ± 3.1 ) mmol/L,( 78 ± 59 ) μmol/L and ( 29 ± 6 ) g/L respectively.There were no statistical significant differences ( P ＞ 0.05 ).(2) Twenty-four hours urinary protein excretion and ACR:24 hours urinary protein levels in mild and severe preeclampsia was (700 ± 160) mg and (4800 ±2200) mg (P＜0.05).ACR in mild and severe preeclampsia was (72.7 ± 12.4) mg/mmol and (401 ±245) mg/mmol respectively (P ＜ 0.05 ).(3) There was a strong correlation between the spot ACR and 24hours urine protein excretion ( r =0.938 ; P ＜ 0.05 ).( 4 ) The optimal spot ACR cut-off point for the diagnosis of preeclampsia:the optimal spot ACR cut-off point was 22.8 mg/mmol for 300 mg/24 hours of protein excretion in mild preeclampsia,the area under curve was 0.956,with a sensitivity,specificity of 82.4％,99.4％ respectively.And the optimal spot ACR cut-off point was 155.6 mol for 2000 mg/24 hours of protein excretion in severe preeclampsia,the area under curve was 0.956,with a sensitivity,specificity of 88.6％,91.3％ respectively.Conclusions Compared with 24 hours urinary protein excretion,the spot ACR may be a simple,convenient and accurate indicator of early diagnosis of preeclampsia.Spot ACR may be used as a replacement for 24 hours urine protein excretion in assessment of preeclampsia.The optimal spot ACR cut off points were 22.8 mg/mmol for mild preeclampsia and 155.6 mg/mmol for severe preeclampsia.

Objective: To understand the gender disparity and influencing factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) at secondary hospitals in China. Methods: A total of 5525 in-hospital STEMI patients from 99 secondary hospitals of 15 provinces or autonomous regions between 2011-09 to 2014-06 were recruited including 1649 female and 3876 male. The in-hospital mortalities were compared between 2 genders and the relevant inlfuencing factors were studied by multiple Logistic regression analysis. Results: There were about 29.8% female and 70.2% male STEMI patients were studied. The in-hospital mortalities in female and male were 13.2% and 5.9%,P<0.01; gender disparity was obviously existing regardless of age, history of MI, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The mortality in female was higher than male even without diseases history and cardiovascular risk factors. Compared with male gender, female patients were usually having elder age and likely complicated with cardiovascular risk factors; they were with lower incidence to receive ECG, drug therapy and thrombolysis within 10 minutes of admission. With adjusted confounding factors, multiple regression analysis presented that female STEMI patients had the higher mortality than male (OR:1.7, 95% CI:1.4-2.0). Conclusion: The in-hospital mortality for STEMI patients was higher in female than male at secondary hospitals in China. Female patients were usually having elder age, complicated with more cardiovascular risk factors, while with less chances to receive ECG, drug therapy and thrombolysis within 10 minutes of admission.

Objective: To analyze the current status of anticoagulant therapy for in-hospital patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) at county hospitals of China and to explore the relationship between anticoagulant therapy and clinical outcomes in real medical environment. Methods: 99 county hospitals from15 provinces of China were selected for this prospective registry study and 12373 eligible ACS patients without interventional therapy admitted from 2011-09 to 2014-06 were enrolled. The basic condition, previous history, initial assessment, anticoagulants (unfractionated heparin/low molecular weight heparin) application, severe bleeding events and in-hospital mortality were collected in all patients. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between anticoagulant therapy and clinical outcomes including in-hospital mortality, severe bleeding events and combined endpoints; meanwhile, possible confounders were adjusted. Results: A total of 9985/12373 ACS patients received anticoagulant therapy and 2388 did not. Anticoagulant therapy was conducted in 92.7% (4237/4570) patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), 90.8% (1639/1805) with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and 68.5% (4109/5998) with unstable angina (UA); there were differences by regions and genders,P<0.01and no difference by age. Multivariable analysis indicated that anticoagulant therapy decreased the risk of in-hospital mortality in ACS patients at 53% (OR= 0.47, 95% CI 0.36-0.62), such reduction in STEMI patients was at 55% (OR=0.45, 95% CI 0.32-0.64), in NSTEMI patients was at 58% (OR=0.42, 95% CI 0.24-0.75); while it had no real effect in UA patients,P>0.05. Meanwhile, it did not increase the risk of severe bleeding events in ACS patients,P>0.05. Conclusion: Anticoagulant therapy has been widely used in STEMI and NSTEMI patients at county hospitals of China and obviously decreased the in-hospital mortality; while the application rate was relatively low in UA patients. The general safety of anticoagulant therapy has been good in ACS patients.

Objective:To explore the changes of blood viscosity in high-intensity alternating magnetic field and the mechanisms.Methods:Five adult sheep were randomly selected and the blood samples were placed in highintensity alternating magnetic field.Before and after exposure,the blood samples were taken and divided into 2 groups:a control group and a magnetic field group.The blood rheology and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed.Results:Compared to the control group,the high shear viscosity of whole blood was decreased in the magnetic field group (P＜0.05);the whole blood low shear viscosity and plasma viscosity were also decreased (both P＜0.01).TEM showed the changes in red blood cell morphology and the double concave disc curvature.The radian of double concave disc and cell volume in the magnetic field group was larger than those in the control group.Conclusion:The high intensity alternating magnetic field may affect the distribution of surface charge and molecular current in blood cells,which in turn decrease the aggregation of cells and the blood viscosity.

Objective To observe the effects oftelmisartan (TEL) on learning and memory functions of animal models of Alzheimer's disease combined with hypertension.Methods Seventy male spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomly assigned into 7 groups:control group,sham-operated group,model group,low TEL group (1 mg/[kg· d]),high TEL group (10 mg/[kg· d]),low TEL+GW9662 group (Tel 1 mg/[kg·d]+GW 1 mg/[kg·d]),and high TEL+GW9662 group (Tel 10 mg/[kg·d],GW 10 mg/[kg·d],n=10);the lateral cerebral ventricle of rats in the later 5 groups were injected with beta-amyloid peptide 1-42 (Aβ1-42);rats in the sham-operated group were given the same volume of normal saline,and those in the control group did not give any treatment.The learning and memory abilities of these rats were detected by Morris Maze test;microglia level and casepase-3 expression were assessed by immunohistochemical stainning.Results Constant-bearing navigation indicated that as compared with the model group,the high TEL+GW9662 group,control group and sham-operated group had significantly shorten escape latency on the 3rd d of experiment (P＜0.05),and as compared with the model group,the low TEL group,high TEL group and high TEL+GW9662 group had significantly shorten latency (P＜0.05).Spatial probe test showed that the times of crossing the platform,target quadrant residence time in the low TEL group,high TEL group and high TEL+GW9662 group were significantly larger/longer than those in the model group (P＜0.05).The casepase-3 expression and microglia level in the CA1 area of model group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05);The Ibal and caspase-3 expressions in the low TEL group,high TEL group and high TEL+GW9662 group were significantly weaker than those in the model group (P＜0.05).Conclusion TEL has preventive effect on cognitive decline in rat models of Alzheimer's disease complicated with hypertension,and can be restrained by GW9662,which suggests that these benefits might be partly resulted from PPAR-γ activation and intracranial infection inhibitation.

Objective To investigate the detection and distribution of hospitalized specimens from a tertiary hospital over 5 years. Methods Specimens of sputum, urine, blood, secretions and puncture fluid were collected from patients admitted to the Harrison International Peace Hospital from November 2013 to November 2018. The origin of specimens, the distribution of departments and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria isolated were analyzed retrospectively. Results A total of 61 286 specimens were sent for examination during the 5 years. The top 5 specimens were sputum culture (n = 18 302, 29.9%), sputum smear (n = 11 253, 18.4%), blood culture (n = 9 713, 15.8%), urine culture (n = 6 448, 10.5%) and secretion culture (n = 6 133, 10.0%), accounting for 84.6% (51 849/61 286). Sputum specimens accounted for 48.2% (29 555/61 286) with the largest proportion. The number of specimens from medical wards was much higher than that from surgical wards (specimens: 25 468 vs. 10 521), respiratory medicine, department of critical care medicine and emergency intensive care unit (EICU) were important sources of pathogenic specimens in the hospital, accounting for 29.8% (18 243/61 286) in total. The average positive rate of all specimens was 23.5% (14 424/61 286). The positive rates of sputum culture and urine culture were 29.7% (5 428/18 302) and 35.4% (2 281/6 448), respectively, while the positive rate of blood culture was only 6.6% (643/9 713). Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen in all specimens except for sputum culture and fecal culture. Escherichia coli [40.6% (926/2 281)], Klebsiella pneumoniae [9.2% (210/2 281)], Pseudomonas aeruginosa [8.2% (188/2 281)], Enterococcus faecalis (group D) [6.6% (151/2 281)] and Candida albicans [3.2% (73/2 281)] were the most common pathogens in urine culture. Klebsiella pneumoniae [24.1% (1 309/5 428)], Acinetobacter baumannii [21.3% (1 154/5 428)], Pseudomonas aeruginosa [15.1% (818/5 428)], Escherichia coli [6.5% (351/5 428)] and Maltose oligotrophomonas maltose [5.8% (316/5 428)] were the most common pathogens in sputum culture. Escherichia coli [36.5% (235/643)], Klebsiella pneumoniae [10.9% (70/643)], Pseudomonas aeruginosa [4.8% (31/643)], Staphylococcus epidermidis [3.4% (22/643)] and Staphylococcus humanis [3.3% (21/643)] were the most common pathogens in blood culture. Conclusion Specimens sent for examination by inpatients are mainly from internal medicine wards, mainly from sputum, blood and urine, and the detected pathogens are mainly Gram-negative bacteria.