Objective To investigate the effect of cetuximab combined with FOLFOX4 chemotherapy on expressions of cancer suppressor gene PTEN and P13K in colon cancer tissue of elderly patients.Methods 62 cases of elderly patients with colon cancer from October 2013 to July 2015 in our hospital were selected and divided into two groups according to the different therapy.The control group (n=27) received pure FOLFOX4 chemotherapy and treatment group(n=35)received cetuximab on the basis of FOLFOX4 chemotherapy, with a consecutive treatment of 4 courses.The clinical curative effect and expressions of PTEN and P13K in colon cancer tissue were compared between two groups.Results There were no significant difference in effective rate and disease control rate between treatment group and control group (51.4% vs.44.4%,χ2 =0.298,P=0.585;80.0%vs.62.9%,χ2 =2.223, P=0.136 ).After treatment, the cells positive rate of PTEN in treatment group was higher than that in control group post-treatment (82.86%vs.59.26%, P<0.05), and the cells positive rate of P13K in treatment group was lower than that in control group (37.14%vs.62.96%, P<0.05). Conclusion Cetuximab combined FOLFOX4 chemotherapy regimen could increase expression of PTEN and reduce P13K expression, which effect is remarkable in the treatment of elderly colon cancer.

BACKGROUND: As a combination of reverse transcription (RT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), RT-PCR has been used to detect gene expression levels in cells and tissues, RNA virus contents in cells and specific gene cloned cDNA sequences.OBJECTIVE: To detect the inhibitory effcet of Stealth siRNAs on the expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1).METHODS: There were blank control, empty vector transfection, stealth-48, stealth-166, and stealth-594 groups. Three stealth siRNAs aimed at different sequences in TGF-β1 mRNA were made, and were then transfected into BALB/c mouse lung fibroblasts in vitro. The expressions of TGF-β1 and connective tissue growth factor were detected by RT-PCR.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In different time periods, the TGF-β1 expression was differentially depressed by three stealth siRNAs, especially stealth-166. The inhibitory effects varied with time, which could be detective at 48 hours,reached the peak at 72 hours and then began to attenuate at 96 hours. Our findings show that the inhibitory effect of stealth siRNAs on the TGF-β1 expression in mouse lung fibroblasts can be detected by RT-PCR.

Objective · To explore the relationship of adipose chemerin and its receptor chemerinR gene expression to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods · Twenty-four patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery were enrolled, and were divided into normal glucose regulation-normal weight group (NGR-NW), normal glucose regulation-overweight/obesity group (NGR-OW/OB), and type 2 diabetic overweight/obesity group (T2DMOW/OB) according to the body mass index (BMI). The levels of chemerin and chemerinR mRNA were detected by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR).Results · Compare to the NGR-NW group, the chemerin mRNA levels of abdominal subcutaneous and omental fat were significantly increased in the NGR-OW/OB and T2DM-OW/OB group (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the chemerin mRNA levels of abdominal omental fat were positively correlated with BMI, fasting insulin (FINS), triglyceride and serum chemerin (r=0.577, r=0.561, r=0.472, r=0.623, P<0.05 for all). The chemerin mRNA levels of abdominal subcutaneous fat showed significant positive correlation with BMI, FINS and serum chemerin (r=0.692, r=0.513, r=0.497, P<0.05 for all). Conclusion · The chemerin mRNA levels of abdominal subcutaneous and omental fat were positively correlated with BMI, FINS and serum chemerin, suggesting that the chemerin gene may play a crucial role in the pathophysiological mechanism of obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Thirty-five patients with ketosis-prone diabetes (KPD) and 38 patients with newly-diagonosed common type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) were treated with insulin for 3 months.The results showed that the existing insulin resistance in patients with KPD was mild as compared with common type 2 DM, and the recovery of insulin sensitivity was less marked in patients with KPD after blood glucose was well controlled.

Objective:To investigate the inhibitory effect and mechanism of different doses of Xiao Chai Hu Tang on C6 glioma cells cultured in vitro. Methods:C6 glioma cells were inoculated in 96 holes,24 holes and 6 holes,each culture plate was divided into 4 groups:control group, low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group, when the cells covered the bottom of culture plate 80%-90%,began adding,cultured for 24 hours after the ter mination of training. Cell proliferation activity,cell viability,protein content and protein positive expression intensity of VEGF and ESM-1,cell apoptosis in early and late stage were detected by CCK-8,in vivo staining,ELISA, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. Results: CCK-8 assay showed that the growth of C6 glioma cells was inhibited by low,medium and high dose group;ELISA and immunocytochemistry showed that the expression of VEGF and ESM-1 was lower in the lower, middle and high dose groups, and the levels of protein expression and protein levels were decreased. The flow cytometry showed that the low dose of small radix,middle and high dose group could promote the cell apoptosis. Inverted microscope ob-servation showed that with the increase of dose,the number of cells increased gradually,and the number of dead cells increased,and all kinds of detection methods showed that the inhibition effect increased with dose and dose dependence. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0. 01). Conclusion:The growth of C6 glioma cells was significantly inhibited by Xiao Chai Hu Tang. It may play a role in inhibiting tumor growth by down regulating ESM-1 and VEGF protein level and promoting cell apoptosis.

Objective To explore the feasibility of using the consensus of European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People(EWGSOP) to diagnose sarcopenia among community-dwelling women aged from seventy to seventy-nine in Shanghai.Methods Twenty-two healthy community-dwelling women were recruited as the subject group(group S),and another ten young girls were randomly selected as the control group(group C).The anthropometry,bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA)and dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry(DEXA)were used to evaluate the circumferences of upper and lower limbs,and the dimension of muscle mass,according to relative appendicular skeletal mass(RASM)and skeletal muscle index(SMI).The grip dynamometer and isokinetic dynamometer were used to measure the muscle strength of upper and lower limbs.The ten meters gait speed,functional reach test,timed up and go test,Berg balance scale and short physical performance battery were all applied to assess the physical performance.The criteria of EWGSOP consensus were applied to diagnose the situation of sarcopenia.Results Firstly,the average biceps circumference and fat mass of upper limbs in group S were significantly higher than group C (P＜0.01),while no significant differences were observed in the muscle mass(P＞0.05).Secondly,RASM values gained from BIA and DEXA in S group were significantly higher than C group(P＜0.05),while the SMI values of the former were significantly lower than the latter(P＜ 0.01).Thirdly,absolute grip strength,relative grip strength and other bio-mechanical indexes of lower limbs in the s group were significantly lower than the C group(P＜0.01);the relative grip strength showed significant correlation with most bio-mechanical indexes of lower limbs.Fourthly,the physical performance in group S declined significantly compared with that of the c group(P＜O.05),and no significant correlation was found between muscle strength and physical performance of upper limbs except the absolute grip strength and gait speed.The prevalence was 0％ according to the RASM index,while the prevalence was 63.6％ and 45.4％ according to the BIA and DEXA respectively.Conclusion The assessing pattern from EWGSOP consensus could not be simply copied to applying on Chinese old people due to serious difference between RASM and SMI.The combination of SMI+relative grip strength+ TUG/SPPB/Berg may be better than the classical mode of RASM+absolute grip strength+gait speed in diagnosing sarcopenia.

Background To study the pathogenesis and management of diabetic retinopathy (DR) has an important clinical significance.With the development of biomedical photonics in recent years,photobiomodulation therapy has been paid more and more attention.However,the sudy on biological regulation of light to DR is rarely reported.Objective This study was to explore the photobiomodulating effects on the apoptosis of retinal neuronal cells induced by high glucose environment and tried to offer a basis for the management of DR.Methods The retinal neurons were isolated from Wistar rats using immunomagnetic beads and primarily cultured in Neurobasal,and the cells were identified by Nissl staining.The cells were divided into normal control group,high-glucose group and high-glucose+LED group.The glucose at the concentration of 25 mmol/L was added into medium for 48 hours in the high-glucose group,and the cells induced by high-glucose were irradiated in incubator by LED for consecutive 300 seconds per time in a 12-hour interval with the wavelength of 620 nm,maximal power of 1 W,central light radiation exposure of 6.67 mW/cm2 and spot diameter of 2.0 cm.The apoptosis rate of the cells was assayed by flow cytometry;the intracellular Ca2+ content was determined by laser scanning confocal microscope;the relative expression level of phosphorylated serine-threonine kinase (p-AKT) protein in the cells was detected by Western blot.Results The cells grew well 2-3 days after cultured with the polygon and oval shape,and nucleolus were visible.More neuronal processes were obtained in 5-7 days after culture.Nissl staining showed the blue violet color in cytoplasma of neurons.The proportion of neurons and glial cells was 91％.The apoptosis rates of the cells were (7.634±3.176)％,(33.642 ±9.315)％ and (23.914±6.375)％ in the normal control group,high-glucose group and high-glucose+LED group,respectively,and the apoptosis rates of high-glucose group and high-glucose + LED group were significantly higher than that in the normal control group,while the apoptosis rate in the high-glucose+LED group was lower than that in the high-glucose group (all at P＜0.01).The fluorescence of Ca2+ in the cytoplasma was strong in the highglucose group and weak in the normal control group.The fluorescence pixel values in the high-glucose group and highglucose+LED group were significantly higher than that in the normal control group,and that in the high-glucose+LED group was reduced in comparison with high-glucose group (all at P＜0.05).The expressing band of p-AKT protein was strong in the normal control group and weak in the high-glucose group.The relative expressing levels were 10.34± 3.18,2.16±0.46 and 7.15 ±1.72 in the normal control group,high-glucose group and high-glucose+LED group,and relative expression level of high-glucose+LED group was significatly lower than that in the high-glucose group (P＜ 0.05).Conclusions High-glucose environment inhibits PI3K/AKT pathway and calcium homeostasis of retinal neurons,which results in cell apoptosis.Low intensity of LED light irradiation activates the anti-apoptotic PI3K/AKT pathway and therefore reduces apoptosis induced by high glucose.

Objective:To compare the difference of epileptiform discharges detection in patients with epilepsy between the 25 electrodes electroencephalogram (EEG) system proposed by the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology in 2017 and the previous 19 electrodes EEG system.Methods:Patients suspected of epilepsy or with confirmed epilepsy who need a follow-up EEG were collected in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from March 2018 to November 2019, and conventional video-EEG recording was performed on all patients for two hours with the standard 25 electrodes EEG system. Two neurophysiologists reviewed the recordings blindly using the 19 electrodes system and the 25 electrodes system, marking the epileptiform discharges and their amplitudes. Finally, the data were statistically analyzed.Results:A total of 403 patients were included in the study, in which 263 cases were diagnosed as epilepsy, including 129 cases of generalized epilepsy, 115 cases of temporal lobe epilepsy, 13 cases of frontal lobe epilepsy, two cases of parietal lobe epilepsy and four cases of occipital lobe epilepsy. In 115 temporal lobe epilepsy patients, 76 (66.09%) and 100 (86.96%) records were detected epileptiform discharges by the 19 or 25 electrodes EEG system respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=13.939, P<0.001). While in patients with non-temporal lobe epilepsy, there was not statistically significant difference between the two systems. In 76 patients whose temporal epileptiform discharges were detected by the two systems, the amplitudes of epileptiform discharges in the newly-added inferior temporal electrodes (F9/F10, T9/T10, P9/P10) and the original temporal electrodes (F7/F8, T7/T8, P7/P8) were (61.53±22.64) μV and (48.25±20.90) μV, respectively, with statistically significant difference between the two groups ( t=5.486, P<0.001). In patients with abnormal [79.59% (39/49) vs 61.22% (30/49), χ2=3.967, P=0.046] and normal [95.45% (42/44) vs 70.45% (31/44), χ2=9.724, P=0.003] imaging, the ability of the 25 electrodes EEG system to detect epileptiform discharges was higher than that of the 19 electrodes EEG system. Conclusion:The 25 electrodes EEG system can significantly improve the detection ability of temporal epileptiform discharges in patients with epilepsy, which is recommended for regular use to increase the detection ability of temporal area abnormal wave and assist the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy.

Objective: To learn the levels of thyroid hormone indicators among interventional and diagnostic radiologists, so as to provide insights into occupational health monitoring of radiologists. Methods: Demographic information, body mass index (BMI), thyroid hormone indicators and cumulative individual doses over 5 years among interventional and diagnostic radiologists were collected through the personal dosimetry monitoring database of Ningbo Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the Occupational Health Examination Center of a tertiary hospital in Ningbo City. The thyroid hormone indicators of different job types and cumulative individual doses over 5 years were analyzed, and factors affecting the thyroid hormone indicators were identified using a multivariable ordinal logistic regression model. Results: There were 159 interventional and 159 diagnostic radiologists included, and the proportions of abnormal thyroid hormone indicators were 9.43% and 12.26%, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). The levels of triiodothyronine and free triiodothyronine in interventional radiologists were lower than those in diagnostic radiologists [(1.54±0.41) vs. (1.68±0.34) nmol/L, (5.13±1.07) vs. (5.55±0.87) pmol/L; both P<0.05]. The levels of triiodothyronine and free triiodothyronine were significantly different among radiologists with cumulative individual doses over 5 years of <1.5 mSv, 1.5-<3.0 mSv and ≥3.0 mSv [(1.69±0.31), (1.69±0.40) vs. (1.52±0.41) nmol/L, (5.60±0.83), (5.32±0.94) vs. (5.14±1.09) pmol/L; both P<0.05]. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis identified BMI (<18.5 kg/m2, OR=0.111, 95%CI: 0.028-0.436) and cumulative individual doses over 5 years (<1.5 mSv, OR=6.259, 95%CI: 2.368-16.547) as the factors affecting triiodothyronine, and job types (diagnostic radiologists, OR=3.171, 95%CI: 1.529-6.574), BMI (18.5-<24.0 kg/m2, OR=0.393, 95%CI: 0.184-0.842), and gender (men, OR=3.449, 95%CI: 1.294-9.190) as the factors affecting free triiodothyronine. Conclusion Occupational exposure has a certain impact on the thyroid hormone indicators among interventional and diagnostic radiologists, and the main influencing factors include BMI, radiation dose, job type and gender.

Objective To investigate the relationship among the late-life depression ( LLD ) , cognitive function and white matter lesions ( WML) , after excluding vascular risk factors and brain atrophy.Methods The depression and cognition status of 277 patients were assessed using a variety of neurological scales, and the actually enrolled patients were divided into LLD group ( 77 cases ) and the non-depressed group (103 cases).The independent samples t test and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze independent risk factors for depressive symptoms with the model Ⅰ of controlling age , sex, years of education and the model Ⅱof controlling age, sex, years of education, high blood pressure, diabetes and coronary heart disease.Under the premise of controlling mode Ⅱand brain atrophy , partial correlation was used to analyze the correlations of depressive symptoms and cognitive function and WML , and the correlation between depressive symptoms and cognitive items.Results The results showed that the proportion of high blood pressure (90.9%vs 74.7%, χ2 =6.342,P=0.046), cognitive scores (19.23 ±7.05 vs 22.99 ± 6.71, t=3.343,P=0.001), WML level 2 proportion (65.1% vs 34.9%, χ2 =7.373,P=0.025) and temporal lobe atrophy of hippocampal sulcus ratio (0.24 ±0.03 vs 0.22 ±0.03, t=-2.041,P=0.044) had statistically significant difference between the two groups.Multivariate Logistic regression showed that cognitive function was an independent risk factor for depression ( OR=1.63,95% CI 1.01 -2.80, P=0.030).Controlling for all risk factors , partial correlation analysis showed that depressive symptoms were correlated with cognitive function ( r=-0.239,P=0.004) and WML ( r=0.222,P=0.008) and the atrophy of temporal lobe and hippocampus ( r=0.173, P=0.040 ).Under the model Ⅱ, depressive symptoms correlated with attention (r=-0.175, P=0.040), memories (r=-0.140, P=0.050) and drawing clock test ( r=-0.186, P=0.029 ).Conclusions Excluding vascular risk factorts , brain atrophy and WML , cognitive impairment has significant correlation with depressive symptoms.Vascular risk factors are involved in the occurrence of depression , and WML may be the severity of cognitive impairment reserve marker.LLD patients showed hippocampal atrophy similar with early AD , manifesting the cognitive feature of memory and executive dysfunction and attention disorder .