Objective To investigate the genotypes of hepatitis B virus in chronic liver disease patients in Changchun,China.Methods HBV DNA extracted from the 39 serum samples of chronic liver disease patients were amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction(nested-PCR) to obtain the S gene sequences,and all the PCR products were sequenced by dideoxy-chain-termination method.Results The S gene nucleotide sequence was acquired and the corresponding amino acid sequence was deduced.Compared with the consensus sequence,(16 strains) belonged to genotype C/adr and 7 strains to genotype C/adw;16 strains belonged to genotype B/adw;and the amino acids of antigen determinant "a" of two strains changed in the 2 serum samples.There were many mutational positions and some of these caused amino acid residue substitution.No special point mutation was found which was similarly related to hepatocellular carcinoma.Conclusion In chronic liver diseases patients infected with HBV,S gene sequence of HBV has its variability.

Objective To explore the changes of gastric myoelectrical activity of chronic superficial gastritis after zhizhu capsule treatment.Methods Sixty chronic superficial gastritis patients with dyspepsia were divided into two groups; the control group (n =26) was treated with pantoprazole and mosapride and the treatment group (n =34)with the same drugs combined with ZhizhuKuanzhong capsules for 2 weeks.Gastric myoelectrical activities of all patients were recorded by electrogastrography before and after treatment.The symptoms were scored in 60 chronic superficial gastritis patients according to themodified glasgow method.Results The glasgow scores before and after treatment were(6.12 ± 0.82) and (0.72 ± 0.56),respectively; they were (6.87 ±0.58) and(2.80 ± 1.10) in the control group,respectively.The glasgow scores of the treatment group were decreased more obviously than the control group (t =9.58,P ＜ 0.05).The number of cases in the treatment and control groups which the main power ratio was more than 1 before and after meals was 7 (20.59％),29 (85.29％) and 5 (19.23％),19 (73.08％),respectively.In two groups,there was significantly statistical difference in the percentage of which main power ratio was more than 1 between before and after treatment (x2 =28.57,15.17,P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,there was statistically significant difference in the percentage of normal slow wave and bradygastria before and after meal in two groups[treatment group:before meal:(63.22 ± 10.05)％,(20.35 ± 11.23)％ ;after meal:(68.52 ±13.03) ％,(18.62 ± 10.03) ％ ; control group:before meal:(50.1 ± 16.22) ％,(28.38 ± 17.25) ％ ; after meal:(54.57 ± 18.32) ％,(27.67 ± 16.27) ％] (t =2.18 ～ 3.84,P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical differences in the percentage of tachygastria before and after meal in two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The dyspepsia symptoms of chronic superficial gastritis might be related to the disorder of elactrogastrographic frequency.ZhizhuKuanzhong capsules can effectively improve the gastric myoelectrical activity and relieve the dyspeptic symptom of chronic superficial gastritis patients.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic surgery combined with GnRH agonist in the treatment of endometriosis. Methods From January 2008 to January 2012, 205 patients with endometriosis underwent conservative laparoscopy surgery in our hospital .According to whether the patients accepted the therapy of GnRH-a and the time of the treatment after surgery, patients were divided into three groups:group A was treated with conservative laparoscopic surgical (73 cases), group B was given GnRH-a for 3 months after surgery (68 cases), and group C received GnRH-a for 6 months after surgery (64 cases).These patients were followed up for 24 months after surgery .The recurrence rate and pregnancy rate were compared among the three groups . Results The postoperative recurrence rates within one year were 4.4%(3/68) in the group B and 3.1% (2/64) in the group C, which were all lower than that of the group A (13.7%, 10/73).There was no difference between the group A and B (χ2 =3.628, P=0.057), while the rate of group C was significantly lower than that of the group A (χ2 =4.771, P=0.029).The cumulative recurrence rates in the group B and C were respectively 13.2%(9/68) and 10.9%(7/64), which were significantly lower than that of the group A [27.4%(20/73); χ2 =4.322, P=0.038; χ2 =5.839, P=0.016].There were no differences about the natural pregnancy rate within 2 years postoperatively among the three groups (χ2 =0.812, P=0.666), but for those who underwent IVF-ET after laparoscopy, the pregnancy rates in group B and C were respectively 78.9% (15/19) and 80.0% (16/20), which were significantly higher than that of the group A [47.6% (10/21); χ2 =4.177, P=0.041; χ2 =4.630, P=0.031]. Conclusions Laparoscopic surgery combined with GnRH-a is highly effective in the treatment of endometriosis , which can effectively reduce the recurrence rate .Application of GnRH-a for 3-6 months after laparoscopic surgery can improve the pregnancy rate in those who accept the treatment of IVF-ET.

Objective:To observe the effect of Yulin mixture on ovarian function in rats with kidney-yang deficiency ovulatory dysfunction.Methods:The hydrocortisone-induced ovulation disorder rat models were established,and the rats were divided into the model control group,Yulin mixture group and positive control group (clomiphene citrate group),and the normal control group was set up,and 10 rats were in each group.The general situation of the rats was observed.The wet weight indices of uterus and ovary were measured by an electronic analytical balance.Serum estradiol (E2),progesterone (P),follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured by radioimmunoassay.Ovarian morphology was observed after HE staining.Results:Yulin mixture could improve the general status of ovulation disorder rats,increase the wet weight indices of uterus and ovary (P<0.05) and the levels of serum E2,P,LH and FSH (P<0.01),and improve the pathological state of ovarian morphology.Conclusion:Yulin mixture can improve the levels of serum E2,P,LH and FSH resulting in promoting ovarian development.

There are many therapeutic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis(RA) treatment,but the pathogenesis of RA have not been fully understood,therefore no curable drug has been found.With increasing knowledge of the inflammatory process,especially in signaling,some drugs modifying disease progress and interfering signaling pathways have been studied.Cytokine inhibitors such as tumor necrosis factor-blocking agents and IL-1 receptor antagonist in clinical trials and in practice have resulted in dramatic improvement in RA disease control.Important molecular mechanisms of actions on total glucosides of paeony(TGP) and Glucosides of Chaenomeles speciosa(GCS) were showed to modulate G protein-AC-cAMP and Ras-MAPKs signaling pathways and to inhibit synoviacytes proliferation.This review focuses on agents which target various cytokines,other inflammatory mediators,antigen of cells,and signaling pathways.

Objective To make a survey of the binocular visual acuity, residual visual acuity and the pathogenic factors causing the deficient of the vision handicap student in Blindness-Deaf-Mute school in Guiyang to provide the data for low vision rehabilitation. Methods Through routine examination, we examined the 58 students with vision impairment and further advised them wear the optics visual aids. Results 6 cases of low vision, accounting for 10.3%; 52 cases of blindness, accounting for 89.7%. One case was rectified its visual acuity by means of subjective refraction and rectification of eyesight. Causes of the disease: 35 cases suffered from the deficient due to genetic factors, accounting for 60.3%; among them, the congenital glaucoma was the first (12/35). 23 cases suffered from the deficient due to acquired factors, accounting for 39.7%, among them, the keratomalacia was the first (19/23). Visual aids wearing :visual acuity≥0.3, 3 cases; visual acuity≥0.05, 6 cases. Conclusions Prevention can prevent the genesis of blindness. The students of residual visual acuity should wear visual aids.

ObjectiveTo observe the survival and pathway of regenerative axons of spinal motoneurons following root injury of brachial plexus (BPI) and to investigate the correlation between the pathway of regenerative axons and the recovery of motor function. Methods48 adult male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: crush group, cut group, avulsion group and the control group. 2 months later, the functional recovery was evaluated with Grooming test. Fluorogold labeled regenerative motoneurons retrogradely when injected into the motor or sensory branch of musculocutaneous nerve. 3 d later, the C5-8 spinal cord were harvested and the regenerative motoneurons were counted. The survival neurons were counted with neutral red staining. ResultsThe number of survival neurons in the cut group (1005±89) were more than that of the avulsion group （881±76）, but less than the crush group (1126±25). The control group was the most (1900±39）. The regenerative motoneurons reinnervated motor branch were much more than that of the sensory branch in all groups. For the Grooming test, the grade in the crush group (3.42) was much higher than that of the avulsion (1.75) and cut (1.75) group. ConclusionRegenerative axons of spinal motoneurons reinnervate the motor branch after BPI. The number of survival neurons is different after different injuries, which associated with the motor functional recovery.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment, and factors of recurrence of abdominal wall endometrioms ( AWE). Methods 19 cases of AWE diagnosed at Shaoxing People' s Hospital from January 2005 to April 2009 were reviewed retrospectively. Results All patients had a history of cesarean section. Eleven patients (57.9%) had the typical complaint of an enlarging mass and pain during menstruation. All patients received surgical excision and postoperative adjuvant therapy of gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) or Mifepristone treatment for 6 months. The diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination in all patients. At follow- up, ranging from 1 month to 3 years, there was 1 case of recurrence of endometrioms during a follow -up of 2 years. Conclusion AWE could be diagnosed easily by its typical clinical manifestations preoperatively. Sonography or MRI may be helpful in identifying the exact anatomical location of the lesion and in excluding other surgical conditions, however it lacks specificness. Surgical excision is the only effective treatment, and complete and wide local excision is the key point to prevent recurrence. Combination surgical excision with postoperative adjuvant therapy might reduce the recurrence, although its effectiveness need being testified in the future.

Objective To investigate the effect of dendritic cells(DC)pulsed with tumor lysate antigens of K562/A02 co-cultured with cytokine induced killer(CIK)cells on cytotoxicity against multidrug resistant(MDR)leukemia K562/A02 cells with high expression of p-glycoprotein(P-gp).Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells isolated from healthy adult donors were induced to obtain CIK cells and DC respectively and then CIK were co-cultured with DCs which were pulsed with tumor lysate.The morphologic features were observed with optical microscopy and expressions of markers typical were measured using flow cytometry.The cytotoxicity of three effect cells was measured with MTT assay respectively.Results After pulsing DCs with tumor lysate antigens co-cultured CIK or DC-CIK led to a significant increase of lymphocyte proliferation of both populations.The cytotoxicity of CIK co-culturing with DCs pulsed with tumor lysate antigens to K562/A02 and K562 cells was(42.90?0.67)%、(49.85?0.28)%(63.36?0.46)% and(23.56 ?0.43)%、(26.11?0.34)%、(34.46?0.35)% respectively at an effector-to-target ratio of(5∶1、 10∶1 、20∶1).Conclusion This study indicates that DC pulsed with tumor lysate antigens co-cultured with CIK can improve lymphocyte proliferation and enhance the cytotoxic activity.Especially,it can induce a P-gp specific anti-leukemic immune.

Objective To observe the influence of systemic and intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy on serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) in patients with ovarian cancer.Methods 116 cases with ovarian cancer were,randomly divided into the observation group and the control group according to the number table,58 cases in each group.The observation group was given systemic and intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy,and the control group received systemic chemotherapy,they all completed a total of two cycles of chemotherapy.Serum VEGF and HE4 were measured before and after chemotherapy.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 74.1％,and that was 56.9％ of the control group,the difference was significant (x2 =4.290,P ＜ 0.05).After chemotherapy,the serum VEGF and HE4 were signifi cantly decreased in two groups,and compared with the control group,the observation group decreased more significantly(t =3.180,2.725,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Systemic and intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy in treatment of patients with ovarian cancer can significantly reduce serum VEGF and HE4.