Objective To explore and establish the possible method of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS) irradiation directly combined with SonoVue microbubbles could enhance 5-azacytine (Aza) induced cardiomyogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cellin(MSCs)vitro,initially explore the appropriate irradiation condition,and to provide experimental basic data for ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction application in MSCs transplantation for acute myocardial infarction.Methods (1) In order to screen out the appropriate ultrasound irradiation intensity and time without conspicuous harm to MSCs,stem cells were exposed to different ultrasound intensity irradiation (0.11,0.33,0.55,0.77,0.99 W/cm2) and time (0,30,60,90 s) and then cell proliferation determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT).In order to screen out the appropriate microbubble-to-cell ratio without conspicuous harm to MSCs,stem cells of different microbubble-to-cell ratios (0,10,50,100,150) were exposed above the screened ultrasound irradiation intensity and time and then cell proliferation determined by MTT.(2) MSCs were divided into four groups and induced cardiomyogenic differentiation by different inducing systems in vitro as follows:no-treatment group,5-Aza inducing group(10 μmol/L),microbubble and ultrasound group,5-Aza inducing (10 μmol/L) with microbubble and ultrasound group,followed by four weeks of further culture.The morphological changes were studied daily under phase-contrast microscope,then the expression of cardiac troponin-T (cTnT) was detected by immunocytochemistry method to analyze and compare differentiation rate of cardiomyocyte-like cells in each group.Results (1)The direct ultrasound irradiation condition of no conspicuous harm to MSCs,but with destruction was intensity of 0.55 W/cm2,exposure time of 30 s and microbubble-to-cell ratio of 50.(2) This study confirmed the feasibility of direct ultrasound exposure of LIPUS on MSCs in vitro.(3) At 28 days after induction,the stem cells of 5-Aza inducing group and 5-Aza inducing with microbubble and ultrasound group expressed cTnT and the positive rate of the latter was higher than the former by immunocytochemistry (13.69％ vs 34.13％,P ＜0.05).Conclusions The appropriate ultrasound direct irradiation condition was intensity of 0.55 W/cm2,exposure time of 30 s and microbubble-to-cell ratio of 50.Appropriate conditions of LIPUS could enhance 5-Aza induced cardiomyogenic differentiation of MSCs in vitro.

Objective To conduct the study and comparative analysis on the performance of foreign hepatitis D virus (HDV) an-tibody test kits .Methods The collected 1 000 serum samples were tested by 3 kinds of different reagent :test reagent ,reference rea-gent and third party reagent .The detection results were processed by the statistical method and the judgement was performed base on the S/Co value .Results The Kappa analysis showed that the Kappa value was 0 .950(P<0 .01) .The specificity was 100% ,the sensitivity was 97 .73% and the area under ROC was 0 .986 .Conclusion The test kit has a relatively high accuracy and high consis-tency compared with the diagnostic reagent kits now widely used in domestic .Increasing the clinical detection rate of HDV can play a helping role on prevention ,early diagnosis and treatment of the disease .

The current study suggested that gastrointestinal motility has a close relationship with ascending-descending theory of spleen and stomach of TCM.Gastrointestinal symptoms caused by Qi disorder of spleen are identical with the clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal motility disorders.Although spleen and stomach act as the pivot of Qi transporting in the body,the dysfunction of liver,lung,kidney,and heart may also cause disorders of Qi in ascending and descending,manifested as pathological gastrointestinal motility.Therefore,when gastrointestinal motility appears abnormality,we should pay attention to other organs besides analyzing dysfunction of spleen and stomach

Objective To compare the features of adolescents' normal fear between urban and rural areas in China. Methods 648 Urban and 478 rural adolescents were investigated with the revised Fear Survey Schedule For Children -II . Results (1)The most common fear of adolescents in urban and rural areas was very same,namely taking dangerous drugs,someone in my family having an accident,not being able to breath,someone in my family dying,nuclear war,my parents separating or getting divorced,being kidnapped,but only one item was not same ,namely urban adolescents fear having no friends ,rural adolescents fear AIDS. (2)The amount of fear items( t =11.42,P <0.01) and the degree of general fear (urban =1.62±0.28,rural =1.83±0.26,t =12.72,P <0.01) ,each dimension fear(P <0.01) of rural adolescents were significantly higher than that of urban adolescents.(3)The degree of fear about danger and injure( F =85.46,P <0.01),animal (female=1.84±0.47,male=1.54±0.45,F =156.86,P <0.01),social relationship ( F =32.23,P <0.01)of female adolescents were significantly higher than that of male adolescents.(4) In all adolescents ,the degree of the general fears( F =13.781,P <0.01) danger and injure fears( F =17.164,,P <0.01) decreased gradually as they grew up ,and the degree of unknown and uncertainty fear(( F =5.01,P <0.01),social fear ( F =4.42,P <0.05)of middle school students were higher than that of high school students; urban middle school students were significantly higher than that of urban high school students in failure and punishment fear.Conclusion (1)There are significant consistency on the most normal fears,the trend of development about the general fears,danger and injure fears,unknown and uncertainty fear,social fear for adolescents between urban and rural areas .(2)The amount of fear items and the degree of general fear ,each dimension fear of school-aged rural adolescents were significantly higher than that of urban adolescents;and there isn't common trend of development on the failure and punishment fear for rural and urban adolescents.

The mechanism of long chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is diverse. LncRNA can regulate the expression of genes at multiple levels and is closely related to some pathological process, such as tumor formation, viral replication, inflammatory damage, etc. The abnormal expression of lncRNA is involved in the patho-physiological changes of the disease, and plays a key role in many links, such as the stability of mRNA, the regulation of translation level, protein transport, RNA processing and modification, and so on. The development of sepsis inflammatory injury is a complex process involving multiple genes and pathways, in which the abnormal structure and expression of many encoding genes or non-coding genes exist.This paper review the research progress on lncRNA in the regulation of chondriokinesis, pro-inflammatory cytokines, calcium ion transport, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in signal pathway and other inflammatory lesions, which may provide a new method for the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis.

Objective To observe the variation of the levels of γδT cells,CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in patients with acute and subacute brucellosis before and after treatment.Methods A total of 159 patients with brucellosis were enrolled from the Second People's Hospital of Tianjin between September 2009 and August 2014,of which 122 were with acute phase and 37 with subacute stage.γδT cells,CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood of all patients before and after treatment were detected by flow cytometry.Thirty healthy controls were also enrolled.Measurement data were analyzed using t test and nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test.Results The medians of γδT cells,CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte counts of brucellosis patients with acute stage before treatment were 84.0/μL,780.5/μL and 774.0/μL,respectively,and those with subacute stage were 76.0/μL,887.0/μL and 890.0/μL,respectively.Those in control group were 49.0/μL,772.5/μL and 592.5/μL,respectively.γδT cells (U=114.5,P =0.001) and CD8+ T lymphocyte counts (U=1 185.5,P =0.003) in acute phase group were elevated than control group.γδT cells (U=359.0,P=0.013),CD4+ T lymphocyte counts (U=325.5,P=0.004) and CD8+ T lymphocyte counts (U=316.5,P=0.003) in subacute phase group were increased than control group.CD4+ T lymphocyte counts in subacute phase group were elevated than acute phase group (U=1 619.0,P=0.009).There were 31 patients with acute phase and 30 patients with subacute phase who completed 6-week treatment.γδT cells ([120.7 ± 104.9]/μL vs [82.2 ±85.3]/μL;t=3.568,P=0.001),CD4+ T lymphocyte ([802.1±300.6]/μL vs [663.0±280.6]/μL;t=2.904,P=0.007) and CD8+ T lymphocytes counts ([908.1±422.7]/μL vs [651.1±241.7]/μL;t=3.885,P=0.001) of brucellosis patients with acute stage before and after treatment were significantly different.γδT cells ([67.1± 38.4]/μL vs [48.4±32.1]/μL;t=2.695,P=0.012),CD4+ T lymphocytes ([817.1± 147.4]/μL vs [650.8± 196.5]/μL;t=5.301,P＜0.01) and CD8+ T lymphocytes counts ([703.7±191.5]/μL vs [537.4±186.0]/μL;t=5.152,P＜0.01) of brucellosis patients with subacute stage after treatment were significantly decreased compared with those of patients before treatment.Conclusions γδT cells,CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in patients with acute and subacute brucellosis are all in a state of immune activation.The levels of activation are highly correlated with disease progression.And detection of the variation of these cells contributes to understand the immune state of the acute and subacute brucellosis.

Objective To observe the influence of systemic and intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy on serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) in patients with ovarian cancer.Methods 116 cases with ovarian cancer were,randomly divided into the observation group and the control group according to the number table,58 cases in each group.The observation group was given systemic and intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy,and the control group received systemic chemotherapy,they all completed a total of two cycles of chemotherapy.Serum VEGF and HE4 were measured before and after chemotherapy.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 74.1％,and that was 56.9％ of the control group,the difference was significant (x2 =4.290,P ＜ 0.05).After chemotherapy,the serum VEGF and HE4 were signifi cantly decreased in two groups,and compared with the control group,the observation group decreased more significantly(t =3.180,2.725,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Systemic and intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy in treatment of patients with ovarian cancer can significantly reduce serum VEGF and HE4.

Objective To determine and compare the daily cost of various ophthalmic solutions for glaucoma in China. Design Investigative study. Participants The majority ophthalmic solutions for glaucoma available in our country were included in the research. Methods Five bottles of each solution were tested separately by five researchers. After the number of drops and the actual volume for each bottle were calculated, the mean number of drops per bottle and the mean volume per bottle were determined. The volume per drop was calculated by dividing the mean volume per bottle by the mean number of drops per bottle, and the cost per drop was calculated by dividing the market price by the mean number of drops in a bottle. The number of days for both eyes usage per bottle was calculated by dividing the mean number of drops in a bottle by the number of drops required daily for both eyes. The cost per day was calculated by multiplying the cost per drop by the number of drops required daily for both eyes. Main Outcome Measures The number of days for both eyes usage per bottle and the daily cost: for both eyes usage per bottle. Results 1. The volume per drop ranged from 0.027 ml(Lumigan) to 0.053 ml(Chengrui and 0.5%Zhenrui). 2. The cost per bottle ranged from 5.7Yuan(Malaisuan Saimaluo'er) to 338Yuan (Xalatan). 3. The number of days for both eyes usage per bottle ranged from 52d (Lumigan) to 12d ( Zhenrui). 4. The daily cost for both eyes usage from expensive to cheap were Xalatan 7.51Yuan, Travatan 6.30 Yuan, Lumigan 3.84 Yuan, Alphagan 3.36 Yuan, Dilijian 2.97 Yuan, Pailiming 2.83 Yuan, 2%Zhenrui 2.34 Yuan, Betagan 2.11 Yuan, Beiteshu 2.0 Yuan, 0.5% Zhenrui 1.49 Yuan, 2%Huming 1.29 Yuan, Mikelan 1.21 Yuan,1%Huming 0.85 Yuan, Chengrui 0.63 Yuan, Malaisuan Saimaluo'er 0.23 Yuan. Conclusions The daily cost of ophthalmic solution for glaucoma ranged wildly. These data may be useful in selecting ophthalmic solution for glaucoma therapy.

The Quality Standard of Multicomponent Dibiling, a nose drop for nasitis was studied.The presence of garlic, cassia and ephedra were demonstrated by TLC and the amouns of Allicin in the preparation was determined by HPLC. The method is simple, rapid and accurate.Average recoyery (n = 6 ) was 101.41 %and CV%was1 .76.

Lycopus lucidus is a herbal drug that can invigorate blood circulation,resolve blood stasis and improve microcirculation. In our further study of its pharmacological function and to identify its effective components,its effect on the hemorrheology of rat was used as a guide to evaluate the relative strength of four different extraction fractions of the drug. Results showed that fraction L. F04 and L. F02 were effective in reducing the blood viscosity,with L. Fo4 showing the best effect. This function of L. F04 was believed to be related to its ability to inhibit platelet aggregation and to improve the compostion of plasma