Objective To evaluate the effect of FTY720 on retinal leukocytes adhesion and vascular permeability in diabetic retinopathy (DR) model,and explore its mechanism.Methods Ninety male Wister rats were randomly divided into normal control group,diabetic group and FTY720 group,thirty rats in each group.Diabetes was induced by giving a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin.FTY720 group was administered with FTY720 at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg by oral gavage daily for 3 months after establishment of diabetes.All rats were used for experiments following intervention for 3 months in FTY720 group.Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression and distribution of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1),and the positive cells were counted.Real-time reverse transcription PCR was used to measure mRNA expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1.Fluorescein isothiocyanate-Concanavalin A perfusion was used to detect retinal leukocytes adhesion.Evans blue (EB) perfusion was used to analyze retinal vascular permeability.Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect retinal inflammatory cells infiltration.Results In diabetic group,both ICAM-1(t =12.81) and VCAM-1 (t=11.75) positive cells as well as their mRNA expression (t=16.14,9.59) were increased compared with normal control group,with statistical significance (P＜ 0.05).In FTY720 group,both ICAM-1(t=-9.93) and VCAM-1 (t=-6.61) positive cells as well as their mRNA expression (t=-15.28,-6.10) were decreased compared with diabetic group,with statistical significance (P＜ 0.05).Retinal leukocytes adhesion (t=16.32) and EB permeability (t=17.83) were increased in diabetic group compared with normal control group,while they were decreased in FTY720 group compared with diabetic group(t=-9.93,-11.82),with statistical significance (P＜0.05).There were many CD45 positive leukocytes infiltration in retina of diabetic group,including CD11b positive macrophage/activated microglia,while both of them were little in FTY720 group.Conclusions FTY720 can decrease retinal leukocytes adhesion,reduce retinal vascular permeability and inflammatory cells infiltration,which is associated with down-regulation of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1.

Objective To compare the effects of intravitreal tamponade of C3 F8 with silicon oil on postoperative vitreous hemorrhage and visual prognosis after vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Methods The clinical data of 121 patients (127 eyes)who underwent primary vitrectomy due to PDR were analyzed retrospectively.All the patients were divided into two groups according to different intravitreal tamponade, including C3 F8 tamponade group (53 patients with 56 eyes ) and silicone oil tamponade group (68 patients with 71 eyes).There was no difference of gender (χ2 = 0.956 ),age (t =1.122),duratiion of diabetes (t=0.627),fasting blood glucose (t=1.049),systolic pressure (t=1.056), diastolic pressure (t = 0.5 1 7 ), history of hypertension (χ2 = 0.356 ), nephropathy (χ2 = 1.242 ), preoperative laser photocoagulation (χ2 = 1.225 )and All the patients underwent three port pars plana vitrectomy.The mean follow-up was 2 years ranging from 6 months to 4 years.And then the incidence and onset time of postoperative vitreous hemorrhage and postoperative BCVA of the two groups were compared. Results Postoperative vitreous hemorrhage occurred in 14 of 56 eyes (25.00%)in C3 F8 tamponade group. The average onset time of postoperative vitreous hemorrhage were (64.64 ± 59.09)days ranging from 7 -225 days and mostly were within 30-60 days (35.71%,5/14).Postoperative vitreous hemorrhage also occurred in 7 of 71 eyes (9.89%)of silicone oil tamponade group after silicone oil removal with an average onset time of (25.29±20.46)days ranging from 3-65 days and were mostly within 1 5-30 days (42.86%, 3/7).There was a significant difference in the incidence of postoperative vitreous hemorrhage between the two groups (χ2 = 5.200,P <0.05 ).BCVA of the two groups was improved significantly after operation (Z =2.472,3.1 14;P <0.05).Postoperative BCVA of silicone oil tamponade group was poorer than C3 F8 tamponade group (Z =1.968,P <0.05).Conclusion Both C3 F8 and silicone oil tamponade can improve the visual acuity after vitrectomy for PDR.Compared with C3 F8 ,silicone oil tamponade had lower incidence and late onset of postoperative vitreous hemorrhage after vitrectomy for PDR.

Excel is electronic form software with strong function in Microsoft office. We utilize Excel software to manage the clinical teaching program. Clinical teaching program can be rapidly filled by way of duplicating, clipping, pasting, packing, arranging in order, and sieving etc. in the software, column numbers of teaching program can be added according to the need. After gathering teaching program of every research group of teaching into the total teaching program, we can conveniently arrange any column in an order and screens, so that the total teaching program was reset and optimized. The function of management of the total teaching program was so expanded that the quality and efficiency of clinical teaching management were raised.

Objective The objective of this study was to observed the effect of target control intravenous (TCI) anesthesia and intravenous inhalational anesthesia in the postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients with intracranial tumor at different time points.Methods Seventy patients were divided into the experimental and control groups according to the different methods of intraoperative anesthesia.The experimental group was selected to treat with propofol combined with remifentanil TCI anesthesia,and the control group was treated with intravenous anesthetics combined with inhalation isoflurance.Recovery time of respiration,time of opening eyes,extuation time,orientation recovery time,OAAS score before and after operation,and cognitive function (MMSE)were observed in two groups.Results They were no differences in the recovery time of respiration,time of opening eyes and extubation time in two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The orientation recovery time in the experimental group was 20.4 ± 5.8 min and 23.2 ± 4.3 min in the control group.They had significantly different between experimental and control groups (P ＜ 0.05).The time of extubation,leaving the operating room and after 1 h of extubation,OAAS point for the experimental group was 3.3 ± 0.5,4.2 ± 0.4,4.6 ± 0.6 min,respectively,and 2.3 ± 0.2,3.3± 0.4,3.9 ± 0.3 in the control group,respectively.They were significantly different between the experimental and control groups(P ＜ 0.05).Prior to treatment,there was no significant difference in MMSE score between the two groups(P ＞0.05).MMSE score was 25.0 ±0.4 and 27.9 ± 1.1 in the experimental group after treatment for 24 h and 48 h,respectively.MMSE score in the control group was 23.2 ±0.9 and 25.8 ± 1.3 after treatment for 24 and 48 h,respectively.There had a significant different from two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion For elderly patients with intracranial tumor surgery,TCI anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil is stable and awake,and the effect on postoperative cognitive function is relatively small.

Cell adhesion molecules(CAMs) play important roles in specifying cell-cell interactions during development,regeneration,and modification of synaptic activity.The close homolog of L1(CHL1) ,a recently identified member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules,is localizably expressed in the nervous system.CHL1 interacts with like molecules(homophilic interaction) and non-like molecules(heterophilic interaction) on neighboring cells or the extracellular matrix to regulate axon outgrowth and fasciculation,neuronal migration and survival,synaptic plasticity and regeneration after trauma.

OBJECTIVE To set up a kind of Helicobacter pylori(Hp) detection method which can determine the Hp infection and its clinical value for the digestive diseases.METHODS Gastric biopsy was used with gastric mucosa Hp rapid urease test,Hp-IgG was detected by ELISA,and Hp-DNA of feces by fluorescent gene quantitation method.RESULTS From the 96 patients positively determined by gastric biopsy,the positive rate of Hp-DNA of feces was 95.8%,but the positive rate of Hp-IgG was 47.9%.From the 59 Hp-IgG positive patients,the positive rate of gastric biopsy was 45.8%.CONCLUSIONS Gastric biopsy and HP-DNA quantitation of feces are both reliable methods which can determine the Hp infection,but Hp-DNA quantitation of feces is a simple,rapid,reliable and atraumatic test,it can be put into practice widely and more easily.

Objective To summarize the experience in nursing locally preserved skin of female patients for neurosurgical cranioctomy. Method The nursing key points were given to 66 female patients undergoing local preparation of skin for cranioctomy as follous preoperative preparation, observation over incision and head nursing. Results The time for skin preparation ranged between 3 to 6 minutes. Postoperatively, no drain tube was placed. No intracranial infections occurred. The incisions in all patients were healed at the first class. Conclusion The nursing measures of good preoperative preparation, close observation of incisions and care to the head for female patients undergoing local preparation of skin for cranioctomy can enhance their satisfaction and propel development of standardized nursing.

OBJECTIVE:To study the bioequiavailability of sodium/calcium folinate for injections in healthy volunteers.METHODS:By a randomized crossover design,trichloracetic acid was used to precipitate the protein in serum sample.Serum concentration of folinate was determined by RP-HPLC.The pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailability of sodium folinate for injection vs.calcium folinate for injection were computed and analyzed statistically.RESULTS:The pharmacokinetic parameters of single dose of sodium folinate for injection(trial formulation)vs.calcium folinate for injection(reference formulation)were as follows:tmax(0.292?0.096)h vs.(0.25?0)h;Cmax(31.973?4.337)?g?mL-1 vs.(33.332?3.312)?g?mL-1;AUC0～24(139.670?13.859)?g?h?mL-1 vs.(144.401?13.574)?g?h?mL-1;AUC0～∞(154.246?16.481)?g?h?mL-1 vs.(161.306?17.871)?g?h?mL-1;MRT0～24(6.795?0.73)h vs.(6.963?0.713)h;t1/2(7.183?1.469)vs.(7.316?2.045).The mean relative bioavailability of the sodium folinate for injection was(98.2?37.1)%.CONCLUSION:The two formulations are proved to be bioequivalent.

Objective To evaluate the value of reducing radiation dose with ECG-pulsing and image quality in 64-row multi-alice CT coronary angiography.Methods Fifty-nine consecutive patients whose heart rates were less than 80 beat per minute and cardiac rhythm was regular were randomly divided into two groups from October 26, 2007 to March 12, 2008.Conventional technique of CT coronary angiography was employed in group 1, while ECG-pulsing technique was applied in group 2.CT dose index volume (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) were obtained automatically, and then the corresponding effective dose (ED) were calculated.The quality scores were performed on obtained imaging by using double blind method.Student t-test was applied in the comparison of value of CTDIvol, value of ED and quality of imagiugbetween two groups.Results The value of CTDIvol was (70.0±1.1) and (39.0±2.7) mGy, the value of ED was (16.8±2.0) and (9.5±1.7) rosy in group 1 and group 2, respectively, which reached statistically significant differences between the groups(t=57.675,15.346 ,P <0.01, respectively). The quality scores of coronary images were 3.8±0.2 and 3.8±0.1 in the groups, which did not reach the statistical significance (t=-0.222, P 0.05).Conclusions The proper application of ECG-Pulsing technology in 64-slice spiral CT coronary angiography can reduce radiation dose significantly while having no influence on the quality of the imaging.

Background As a hereditary chronic glaucoma model,DBA/2J mouse is widely used in the experimental research of glaucoma worldwide.Although some researches have determined the ocular change induced by hypertention of DBA/2J mouse,there is seldom reports about the research on the relationship of ocular pathological abnormality and development course in DBA/2J mouse.Objective The present study is to characterize the ocular abnormalities and histological changes induced by hypertention in different ages of DBA/2J mice.Methods The clean female DBA/2J mice aged 3-,5-,7-,9-,11-,14-month-old (6 mice for each) were used in this study,and age matched 18 female C57BL/6J mice were as controls.Intraocular pressure (IOP) of mice was measured by anterior chamber puncture of microneedle.The animals were sacrificed and retinal flat mounts were prepared for histopathological examination under the light microscope.Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were counted by retinal Nissl staining.Morphology of optic nerve cup in frozen section was examined under the light microscope.The experiment followed the Standard of Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.Results Developing pigment dispersion,iris stroma atrophy,transillumination defects and pupil deformation were found in DBA/2J mice.IOP began to rise in 7-month-old DBA/2J mouse,peaked in 9-month-old mouse and returned to normal in 14-month-old DBA/2J mouse.A significant difference was found in IOP among different ages of DBA/2J mice (F=27.600,P＜0.05) but not C57BL/6J mice (F=0.249,P=0.781).RGCs loss was observed in 7-month-old DBA/2J mice and more serious from 9 to 11-month-old mice,showing a significant decline of RGCs among different ages of DBA/2J mice (F=23.594,P=0.000) but not C57BL/6J mice (F=1.816,P=0.211).The abnormality of optic nerve cupping and decrease of retinal nerve fiber layer were found in 9 to 14-month-old months old DBA/2J mice and were normal in age-matched C57BL/6J mice.Conclusion The abnormal alteration of the ocular anterior segment in DBA/2J mouse is gradually aggravated with aging.The findings of eye in DBA/2J mouse is characterized by secondary glaucoma.DBA/2J mouse offer an ideal animal model for the research of glaucoma.