Portable electrocardiogram monitor is an important equipment in the clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases due to its portable, real-time features. It has a broad application and development prospects in China. In the present review, previous researches on the portable electrocardiogram monitors have been arranged, analyzed and summarized. According to the characteristics of the electrocardiogram (ECG), this paper discusses the ergonomic design of the portable electrocardiogram monitor, including hardware and software. The circuit components and software modules were parsed from the ECG features and system functions. Finally, the development trend and reference are provided for the portable electrocardiogram monitors and for the subsequent research and product design.
China ; Electrocardiography ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Software

OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for establishing and improving clinical pharmacists' working mode in women-children special hospital.METHODS: The work carried out by clinical-medical-nursing team and the situation of clinical pharmacists' involvement in clinical treatment were summarized retrospectively.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: The medication safety in women-children special hospital has specificity and urgency,and the establishment of clinical-medical-nursing team is an important approach to realize clinical safe and rational drug use.A platform for clinical pharmacists under unified management of organization and system requirement should be set up in hospital to explore a clinical pharmacy working mode with the characteristics of special hospital,carry out clinical pharmacy research and search for quality management and performance management method for clinical pharmacists.

Objective To investigate the changes of plasma microRNA-223(miR-223) and HMGB-1 in pediatric sepsis patients.Methods There were 49 children with sepsis enrolled in the study (sepsis group),severe sepsis group (n=25) and general group (n=24). Meanwhile, 50 healthy children (normal control group) were selected as control group. The expression levels of plasma miR-223and HMGB-1 (high mobility group box 1) were detected. The predictive values of miR-223and HMGB-1 in plasma of children with sepsis were evaluated by receiver operatingcharacteristic (ROC) curve.Results The plasma miR-223 and HMGB-1 expression levels in severe sepsis group and general group were up-regulated compared with those in the normal control group (F=63.02, 76.32,P<0.05). The area under ROC curve of miR-223,HMGB-1 predicting sepsis were 0.904 (95%CI 0.821-0.998), 0.748 (95%CI: 0.625-0.903). There was positive correlation between miR-223 and HMGB-1 (r=3.532, P<0.05). Conclusions The expression levels of plasma miR-223 in children with sepsis are signiifcantly up-regulated, which can be used as early diagnostic markers to relfect the severity of inlfammation in some degree.

Objective It remains a controversy whether 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) is associated with colon cancer stem cells.This study was to investigate the effect of the 5-LOX inhibitor MK886 in maintaining the stemness of the human colon cancer cell line HT-29.Methods Using CCK-8 assay, we examined the inhibitory effects of different concentrations of MK886 (12.5, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 200 μmol/L) on the colon cancer HT-29 cells cultured in vitro and calculated its half-inhibitory concentration (IC50).Then, we detected the effects of MK886 IC50 on the clone-and sphere-forming abilities of the cells, determined the mRNA expressions of the stemness markers CD133, Lgr5, Oct4 and Ascl2 by real-time PCR after 24 and 48 hours of MK886 IC50 intervention, and measured their protein expressions by Western blotting after 24, 48 and 72 hours of MK886 IC50 intervention.Results The inhibition rates of MK886 on the HT-29 cells at 24 and 48 hours were significantly increased in a time-and dose-dependent manner ([14.99±3.06] and [19.98±0.57]％ at 12.5 μmol/L, [20.46±1.14] and [34.97±6.02]％ at 25 μmol/L, [50.76±5.94] and [66.90±5.74]％ at 50 μmol/L, [66.84±1.77] and [73.11±2.48]％ at 75 μmol/L, [72.67±2.36] and [77.78±3.30]％ at 100 μmol/L, [83.67±0.24] and [84.69±2.24] ％ at 200 μmol/L) as compared with the blank control (0％ and 0％) (P<0.05).The clone-forming rate and number of spheres formed were remarkably lower in the MK886 intervention than in the control group ([10.60±1.71] vs [44.67±3.21]％, P<0.05;6.00±1.60 vs 19.07±2.89, P<0.05).After 24 and 48 hours of MK886 intervention, the mRNA expression of CD133 in the HT-29 cells was markedly up-regulated in comparison with that at 0 hour (0.72±0.10 and 0.39±0.07 vs 1.66±0.33, P<0.05), and so were those of Lgr5, Oct4 and Ascl2 (P<0.05).Conclusion The 5-LOX inhibitor MK886 can inhibit the proliferation and clone-and sphere-forming abilities of human colon cancer HT-29 cells by down-regulating the expressions of the stemness markers and thus suppressing the stemness of the colon cancer stem cells.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational administration of cough and cold medicines (CCMs) for children. METHODS: Through reviewing pertinent literature both at home and abroad, the data about the efficacy, safety and use of over the counter drug CCMs for children and the progress of the relative policy were analyzed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: It has been shown that the CCMs have potential risks for children’s healthy although no proven evidence has been shown that these drugs are responsible for a series of the serious adverse events and death cases reported in literature. It is urgent to tighten control on the production, circulation and use of these drugs in view of the various drug varieties, frequent use, dosage error and repeated use caused by parents’ poor sense on drug safety.

BACKGROUND:Based on the blood and urine biochemical changes in different intensities and types of exercise, this research describes the impact of exercise on bone metabolism. Meantime, these biochemical indexes also show a method of marking physiological differences of certain individuals, and also reflect the impact of exercise on bone. These can be regarded as a monitoring index of bone growth and metabolism. OBJECTIVE:To study exercise effect from the biochemical indicators in bone metebolism, and make a further discussion about its influence on bone formation and bone resorption. METHODS:Databases of CNKI and PubMed were retrieved by computer with key words of “exercise; bone metabolism; biochemical indicators” in Chinese and English, respectively, by screening titles and abstracts to search papers related to exercise effects on the blood and urine biochemical indicators. Totaly 236 papers were initialy found, and only 38 papers were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Low-intensity exercise shows less effect on the bone, but excessive exercise is harmful to the bone that can cause stress fractures. What’s worse, it causes a lack of female hormone and reduce bone mass. Exercise can alter the blood and urine biochemical indicators in aspects of types of exercise and intensities. Only the exercise at appropriate intensity makes positive effects on bone formation and resorption, and assists bone mineral density and bone biomechanical indicators to develop exercise prescription and arrange rehabilitation exercises. MechanismS of bone turnover need further discussion at the celular level.

Objective:To investigate the change of microalbuminuria (MA) in patients with RA and its clinical significance.Methods:From January 2018 to December 2019, data of 75 cases of RA patients were collected from outpatient and inpatient wardsof our hospital, and the data of 75 cases of physical examination wascollected as control. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody, blood lipid, Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-CCP antibodyand MA levels were measured respectively. RA patients were obtained by ultrasound Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and brachial artery flow mediated diastolic function (FMD) were measured. The statistical analysis was carried out with independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression. Results:The MA level of RA patients was significantly higher than that of the healthy control group [(31±5) mg/L vs (25±4) mg/L, t=5.982, P<0.05]. In RA patients, MA level was positively correlated with course of disease ( r=0.327, P=0.015), HOMA-IR ( r=0.576, P<0.01], CRP ( r=0.212, P=0.027), RF ( r=0.585, P<0.01), disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28) ( r=0.472, P=0.013), cIMT ( r=0.611, P<0.01) and duration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use ( r=0.274, P<0.01), and urineMA level( OR=1.763, P<0.01) were independent correlation factors affecting cIMT. Conclusion:The level of MA in RA patients is significantly higher than that in normal controls, and is correlated with disease activity and subclinical atherosclerosis, which could be another important predictor of disease follow-up and early screening of subclinical atherosclerosis in RA patients.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of intestinal microbiota in neonates on the first and third day after birth.Methods A total of 50 healthy singleton neonates who were born between June 15,2016 and August 3,2016 in Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital were enrolled.Their stool samples were collected on the first and third day after birth and the samples were labeled according to the time of collection (D1 and D3 groups,n=50 each).Illumina NexSeq high-throughput sequencing platform was used to sequence the variable region 4 and 5 of all bacterial 16S rRNA genes in the samples.The composition of intestinal microbial communities was determined and the differences between the two groups were compared by Metastats analysis.Results (1) A total of 100 stool samples were sequenced and the retrieved sequences were from 25 bacterial phyla,119 families,227 genera and 159 species.(2) Major phyla in the two groups were the same,namely,Proteobacteria,Frimicutes,Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria.The relative abundances of Frimicutes (0.27 ± 0.03 vs 0.41 ± 0.05) and Bacteroidetes (0.07 ± 0.01 vs 0.09 ± 0.03) increased over time,while that of Actinobacteria (0.10±0.01 vs 0.01 ±0.00) decreased on day 3.No significant difference in the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (0.51 ±0.03 vs 0.49± 0.05) was observed between D1 and D3 groups.There were significant difference in relative abundances of Frimicutes and Actinobacteria between the two groups (both q=-0.01,both P＜0.05).(3) Among the top ten most abundant families,Enterobacteriaceae,Staphylococcaceae,Enterococcaceae,Streptococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae were detected in both of the two groups.The relative abundances of Enterobacteriaceae (0.25 ± 0.02 vs 0.46 ± 0.06),Staphylococcaceae (0.07 ± 0.02 vs 0.12 ± 0.03),Enterococcaceae (0.04±0.02 vs 0.10±0.04),Streptococcaceae (0.03 ±0.02 vs 0.06±0.01) increased over time,while that of Lachnospiraceae (0.03 ± 0.01 vs 0.02 ± 0.02) decreased on day 3.Only the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae had statistical difference between the two groups (q=0.00,P＜0.05).(4) Among the top ten most abundant genera,Staphylococcus,Enterococcus,Streptococcus,Bacteroides and Pseudomonas were detected in both groups.The relative abundances of aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria which belonged to genera of Stenotrophomonas,Propionibacterium,Acinetobacter,Bacillus,Sphingomonas and so on decreased on day 3 as compared with those on day 1 (0.00±0.00 vs 0.07±0.02,0.00±0.00 vs 0.06±0.01,0.00±0.00 vs 0.03±0.01,0.00±0.00 vs 0.02±0.01,0.00±0.00 vs 0.02±0.00,all q=0.00,all P＜0.05).However,the relative abundances of anaerobic bacteria which belonged to Bacteroides,Veillonella,Parabacteroides and so on increased on day 3 (0.01 ±0.00 vs 0.08±0.03,0.00±0.00 vs 0.03±0.02,0.00±0.00 vs 0.01 ±0.00,q=0.01,0.01 and 0.00,all P＜0.05).(5) The most abundant species in intestinal microbiota was escherichia coli in both groups.Three less abundant species including lactobacillus gasseri,lactobacillus animalis and bifidobacterium bifidum were detected in both groups.(6) Regardless of the mode of delivery,Staphylococcus,was the highest predominant genera in meconium samples,followed by stenotrophomonas.Stool samples collected on the third day after birth were divided into four groups based on deliver modes and feeding patterns.Neonates who were born abdominally with exclusive breastfed thereafter were different from those of the other three groups in predominant intestinal bacteria,but the difference was not statistically significant.Bifidobacterium and Subdoligranulum were only detected in the vaginally born neonates.Conclusions Meconium is not sterile.Although the intestinal microbiota on the first day of life is different from that on the third day of life,the dominant bacteria are common.During the first three days of life,the relative abundances of aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria decreased significantly over time,while the relative abundance of anaerobic bacteria increased.

Recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors are promising vectors for human gene therapy. However, AAV-mediated gene transduction can be hampered because of the pre-existing neutralized natural antibodies (NAbs) in primates. We evaluated transduction efficiency of rAAV6 expressing human alpha-1-anti-trypsin (hAAT) vectors in murine models, and found that these vectors showed stable and high levels of transgene expression. Fluorescence imaging showed that AAV6 expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) by intravenous administration predominantly targeted the liver, but led to self-limited hepatitis. Besides, our study evaluated epidemiology of anti-AAV6 NAb in non-human primates (NHPs) by NAb assay in vitro. The result indicated that 52.17% of NHPs had detectable NAb at 1:5 dilution rate. In vivo passive transfer experiment showed that AAV6 specific neutralizing antibody, even though with low NAb titer, could significantly inhibit rAAV6 transduction.
Adoptive Transfer ; Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; immunology ; Dependovirus ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; alpha 1-Antitrypsin ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To analyze histopathological and clinical features of dermatofibroma,and to explore the relationship between them.Methods Clinical and histopathological data were collected from 150 patients with histopathologically confirmed dermatofibroma in Department of Pathology,Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital from September 2017 to August 2018,and analyzed retrospectively.Results Among the 150 patients,65 were males,and 85 were females.Their age was 42 ± 13.8 years,and the course of disease ranged from 3 months to 30 years.Some of the patients had concomitant symptoms,mainly manifesting as itching,some had spontaneous pain and mild tenderness,and 18 patients had a history of injury,insect bite or infection at lesion sites.Skin lesions mainly occurred on the extremities (107 cases,71.3％),and most were solitary (105 cases,70％).Before pathological examinations,102 cases were clinically diagnosed as dermatofibroma,16 as epidermoid cyst,13 as pigmented nevus,3 as keloid,12 as skin mass,1 as malignant melanoma,1 as xanthogranuloma,1 as prurigo nodularis,and 1 as neurofibroma.Among 169 hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained sections,25 (14.8％) appeared to be consistent with aneurysmal dermatofibroma,66 (39.1％)with cellular dermatofibroma,36 (21.3％) with sclerosing dermatofibroma,and 22 (13.0％)with epithelioid dermatofibroma.Coexistence of two or more subtypes could be seen in 12 sections.There were also a few new variants,such as dermatofibroma with hyperplastic sweat duct (1 case),deep dermatofibroma (3 cases),dermatofibroma with epithelioid cells intermingled with hyperplastic collagen (1 case).The duration of aneurysmal dermatofibroma varied from 7 months to 30 years,and most manifested as skin masses on the lower extremities.A relatively short course of disease was observed in patients with cellular dermatofibroma,who often visited a hospital several months after the onset,and cellular dermatofibroma was commonly observed on the extremities and frequently accompanied with itching and pain.The duration of sclerosing or atrophic dermatofibroma was usually long for years or decades,and it commonly occurred on the upper limbs without concomitant symptoms.Epithelioid dermatofibroma of varied durations had various clinical manifestations,frequently occurred on the lower limbs without concomitant symptoms.Conclusions The clinical and pathological manifestations of dermatofibroma are diverse.Different dermatofibroma lesions can share similar typical histopathological manifestations,and atypical pathological features can interfere with the diagnosis of dermatofibroma.