BACKGROUND:Extracorporeal shock wave has been shown to influence the physiological function of endothelial cel s via the activation of mechanoreceptors and specific signal transduction system, and gene expression regulation.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the impact of different energy flow densities and numbers of shots of extracorporeal shock waves on the new vessel formation ability, migration capability and apoptosis of bone microvascular endothelial cel s.
METHODS:Bone microvascular endothelial cel s isolated from the femoral head of patients undergoing arthroplasty were subcultured in vitro, and then were immunofluorescently evaluated with endothelial cel marker antibodies to CD31 and von Wil ebrand factor (vWF), and grouped according to different energy flow densities (low, 0.03 mJ/mm2;high, 0.11 mJ/mm2) and numbers of shots (400 and 800). Capil ary-like tube formation, migration capability and apoptosis of bone microvascular endothelial cel s were determined by 3-D culture in vitro, scratch test, and flow cytometry, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:vWF and CD31 were positively expressed in approximately 100%of bone microvascular endothelial cel s, which indicates the cultured cel s had characterization of microvascular endothelial cel s. Extracorporeal shock wave enhanced angiogenesis and migration capability of bone microvascular endothelial cel s derived from the femoral head, and especial y low-energy flow density of extracorporeal shock wave exerted more superior effects. Angiogenesis of bone microvascular endothelial cel s was decreased with the increased shot number in the low-energy flow density group. In addition, extracorporeal shock wave inhibited bone microvascular endothelial cel apoptosis induced by steroids. Our results suggest that energy flow density and number of shots of extracorporeal shock waves impact the physiological function of bone microvascular endothelial cel s derived from the femoral head.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of RevoLix 2 μm continuous wave laser treatment on bladder neck contracture after benign prostatic hyperplasia operation. Methods A total of 21 cases were enrolled in current research and they all accepted 2 μm continuous wave laser treatment of bladder neck contracture after benign prostatic hyperplasia operation in the 252th Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. The clinical efficacy was recorded. Results The operation of the 2 μm continuous wave laser vaporesections were successfully performed on 21 cases. The maximum urine flow rate was increased from(6. 86 ± 1. 97)ml/ s to(16. 31 ± 1. 61)ml/ s,and the difference was significant(t = 15. 49,P < 0. 01). After 3 to 23 months(median 14 months)follow-up,20 cases were cured and 1 case was combined with bladder residual urine 110 ml. Conclusion The therapy of 2 μm continuous wave laser is a superior micro-invasive surgery method for patients with Bladder neck contracture,which shows little blood loss,high level safety,convenient operation and infrequent complications.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of recombinant Schistosoma japonicum cystatin(rSj-Cys)against acute liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and D-GalN in mice.Methods Adult male C57BL/6J mice with or without LPS/D-GaIN-induced acute liver injury were given intraperitoneal injections of rSj-Cys or PBS 30 min after modeling(n=18),and serum and liver tissues samples were collected from 8 mice in each group 6 h after modeling.The survival of the remaining 10 mice in each group within 24 h was observed.Serum levels of ALT,AST,TNF-α and IL-6 of the mice were measured,and liver pathologies was observed with HE staining.The hepatic expressions of macrophage marker CD68,Bax,Bcl-2 and endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)-related proteins were detected using immunohistochemistry or immunoblotting,and TUNEL staining was used to detect hepatocyte apoptosis.Results The survival rates of PBS-and rSj-Cys-treated mouse models of acute liver injury were 30%and 80%at 12 h and were 10%and 60%at 24 h after modeling,respectively;no death occurred in the two control groups within 24 h.The mouse models showed significantly increased serum levels of AST,ALT,IL-6 and TNF-α and serious liver pathologies with increased hepatic expressions of CD68 and Bax,lowered expression of Bcl-2,increased hepatocyte apoptosis,and up-regulated expressions of ERS-related signaling pathway proteins GRP78,CHOP and NF-κB p-p65.Treatment of the mouse models significantly lowered the levels of AST,ALT,IL-6 and TNF-α,alleviated liver pathologies,reduced hepatic expressions of CD68,Bax,GRP78,CHOP and NF-κB p-p65,and enhanced the expression of Bcl-2.In the normal control mice,rSj-Cys injection did not produce any significant changes in these parameters compared with PBS.Conclusion rSj-Cys alleviates LPS/D-GalN-induced acute liver injury in mice by suppressing ERS,attenuating inflammation and inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of recombinant Schistosoma japonicum cystatin(rSj-Cys)against acute liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and D-GalN in mice.Methods Adult male C57BL/6J mice with or without LPS/D-GaIN-induced acute liver injury were given intraperitoneal injections of rSj-Cys or PBS 30 min after modeling(n=18),and serum and liver tissues samples were collected from 8 mice in each group 6 h after modeling.The survival of the remaining 10 mice in each group within 24 h was observed.Serum levels of ALT,AST,TNF-α and IL-6 of the mice were measured,and liver pathologies was observed with HE staining.The hepatic expressions of macrophage marker CD68,Bax,Bcl-2 and endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)-related proteins were detected using immunohistochemistry or immunoblotting,and TUNEL staining was used to detect hepatocyte apoptosis.Results The survival rates of PBS-and rSj-Cys-treated mouse models of acute liver injury were 30%and 80%at 12 h and were 10%and 60%at 24 h after modeling,respectively;no death occurred in the two control groups within 24 h.The mouse models showed significantly increased serum levels of AST,ALT,IL-6 and TNF-α and serious liver pathologies with increased hepatic expressions of CD68 and Bax,lowered expression of Bcl-2,increased hepatocyte apoptosis,and up-regulated expressions of ERS-related signaling pathway proteins GRP78,CHOP and NF-κB p-p65.Treatment of the mouse models significantly lowered the levels of AST,ALT,IL-6 and TNF-α,alleviated liver pathologies,reduced hepatic expressions of CD68,Bax,GRP78,CHOP and NF-κB p-p65,and enhanced the expression of Bcl-2.In the normal control mice,rSj-Cys injection did not produce any significant changes in these parameters compared with PBS.Conclusion rSj-Cys alleviates LPS/D-GalN-induced acute liver injury in mice by suppressing ERS,attenuating inflammation and inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis.

In the course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infec-tion,to verify whether ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA)can reduce angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)receptor in BALB/c mice and reduce the risk of infection.UDCA was administered by in-tragastric administration to BALB/c mice for 7 d.During the treatment,the turbinate bones and lungs of mice were taken every day,and the changes of ACE2 content in the turbinate bones and lungs of mice were detected by ELISA.In addition,after 1,4 and 7 d of intragastric prophylaxis,BALB/c mice were infected with SARS-CoV-2 C57MA14 mouse adapted strain and SARS-CoV-2 Omicron DY1.1,respectively,after nasal inoculation,and viral load was detected on the turnings and lungs of mice 3 d after challenge to evaluate the preventive effect.In addition,UDCA was used to treat BALB/c mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 C57MA14 mouse adapted strain after nasal drops by gavage for 3 d,and the viral load of the mouse turbinate and lung was detected to evaluate the therapeutic effect.UDCA can decrease ACE2 content in turbinate and lung of BALB/c mice.How-ever,after 1,4 and 7 d of UDCA intragastric administration,there was no statistical difference in viral load in turbinate and lung of BALB/c mice between the prevention group and the virus con-trol group.There was no significant difference in the viral load of the turbinate and lung between the UDCA treatment group and the viral control group.UDCA could reduce the ACE2 content in the turnings and lungs of aged BALB/c mice,but the daily dose and duration of UDCA treatment had no significant effect on the mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 C57MA14 mouse adapted strain and SARS-CoV-2 Omicron DY1.1.

Angelicae Sinensis Radix, drived from a medicinal and edible plant Angelica sinensis, with the reputation of "nine Angelica recipes out of ten". The volatile oils from Angelicae Sinensis Radix was the main medicinal component of Angelicae Sinensis Radix, mainly including benzene phthalides, terpenoids and alkanes, its chemical composition was complex. Such factors as growth environment, concoction process, extraction methods and other factors all can trigger changes in volatile oil constituents and content from Angelicae Sinensis Radix. Angelicae Sinensis Radix essential oil has diverse pharmacological activities such as anti-hypotension, protection of ischemia-reperfusion injury, asthma, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer, etc., implying its high clinical application value. This paper reviewed the literature on the volatile oil of Angelicae Sinensis Radix in the past ten years, the chemical components of Angelicae Sinensis Radix were sorted out and the factors affecting the chemical components were summarized, focusing on its anti-hypotensive, ischemia-reperfusion injury protection, asthma and other active effects, in order to provide reference for the further development and utilization of the volatile oil of Angelicae Sinensis Radix.

Objective To explore the association of TBX 5 polymorphisms and environmental exposure index with susceptibility to oral cancer. Methods A case?control study was conducted to collect 300 oral cancer patients hospitalized in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from September 2010 to December 2016. A total of 445 non?tumor patients were selected as the control group. Questionnaires were used to collect the information of all subjects and 5 ml peripheral blood was collected to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the rs10492336 locus of TBX5 gene. According to the environmental exposure index score, subjects were divided into two groups, low risk group (0-2.31) and high risk group (2.32-11.76). To analyze the association of TBX5 gene rs10492336 SNPs, environmental exposure index and oral cancer and its interactions. Results The age of all subjects in the case group and control group were (56.19±13.10) years and (54.56± 12.48) years old. Compared with CC genotype, the OR (95%CI) values of the co?dominant genetic model AC genotype and the dominant genetic model AC+AA genotype were 0.69 (0.49-0.98) and 0.70 (0.51-0.97), respectively. Compared with the low risk group, the OR (95%CI) risk of oral cancer in the high risk group was 3.72 (2.55-5.43). The results of gene?environment interaction analysis showed that compared with the group with CC genotype and high risk of environmental exposure index, the OR (95%CI) value of oral cancer in the group with AC+AA genotype and low risk of environmental exposure index was 0.18(0.10-0.31). Furthermore there was a multiplicative interaction between rs10492336 SNPs and environmental exposure index (β=-0.405, P<0.001). Conclusion This study suggests that the TBX 5 gene rs10492336 SNPs and environmental exposure index were associated with oral cancer. And there was a multiplication interaction between rs10492336 SNPs and environmental exposure index.

Objective To explore the association of TBX 5 polymorphisms and environmental exposure index with susceptibility to oral cancer. Methods A case?control study was conducted to collect 300 oral cancer patients hospitalized in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from September 2010 to December 2016. A total of 445 non?tumor patients were selected as the control group. Questionnaires were used to collect the information of all subjects and 5 ml peripheral blood was collected to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the rs10492336 locus of TBX5 gene. According to the environmental exposure index score, subjects were divided into two groups, low risk group (0-2.31) and high risk group (2.32-11.76). To analyze the association of TBX5 gene rs10492336 SNPs, environmental exposure index and oral cancer and its interactions. Results The age of all subjects in the case group and control group were (56.19±13.10) years and (54.56± 12.48) years old. Compared with CC genotype, the OR (95%CI) values of the co?dominant genetic model AC genotype and the dominant genetic model AC+AA genotype were 0.69 (0.49-0.98) and 0.70 (0.51-0.97), respectively. Compared with the low risk group, the OR (95%CI) risk of oral cancer in the high risk group was 3.72 (2.55-5.43). The results of gene?environment interaction analysis showed that compared with the group with CC genotype and high risk of environmental exposure index, the OR (95%CI) value of oral cancer in the group with AC+AA genotype and low risk of environmental exposure index was 0.18(0.10-0.31). Furthermore there was a multiplicative interaction between rs10492336 SNPs and environmental exposure index (β=-0.405, P<0.001). Conclusion This study suggests that the TBX 5 gene rs10492336 SNPs and environmental exposure index were associated with oral cancer. And there was a multiplication interaction between rs10492336 SNPs and environmental exposure index.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of the combination of abidol, lopinavir/ritonavir plus recombinant interferon α-2b (rIFNα-2b) and the combination of lopinavir/ritonavir plus rIFNα-2b for patients with COVID-19 in Zhejiang province.Methods:A multicenter prospective study was carried out to compare the efficacy of triple combination antiviral therapy and dual combination antiviral therapy in 15 medical institutions of Zhejiang province during January 22 to February 16, 2020. All patients were treated with rIFNα-2b (5 million U, 2 times/d) aerosol inhalation, in addition 196 patients were treated with abidol (200 mg, 3 times/d) + lopinavir/ritonavir (2 tablets, 1 time/12 h) (triple combination group) and 41 patients were treated with lopinavir/ritonavir (2 tablets, 1 time/12 h) (dual combination group). The patients who received triple combination antiviral therapy were further divided into three subgroups: <48 h, 3-5 d and >5 d according the time from the symptom onset to medication starting. The therapeutic efficacy was compared between triple combination group and dual combination group, and compared among 3 subgroups of patients receiving triple combination antiviral therapy. SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results:The virus nucleic acid-negative conversion time in respiratory tract specimens was (12.2±4.7) d in the triple combination group, which was shorter than that in the dual combination group [(15.0±5.0) d] ( t=6.159, P<0.01). The length of hospital stay in the triple combination group [12.0 (9.0, 17.0) d] was also shorter than that in the dual combination group [15.0 (10.0, 18.0) d] ( H=2.073, P<0.05). Compared with the antiviral treatment which was started within after the symptom onset of in the triple combination group, the time from the symptom onset to the viral negative conversion was 13.0 (10.0, 17.0), 17.0 (13.0, 22.0) and 21.0 (18.0, 24.0) d in subgroups of 48 h, 3-5 d and >5 d, respectively ( Z=32.983, P<0.01), while the time from antiviral therapy to viral negative conversion was (11.8±3.9), (13.5±5.1) and (11.2±4.3) d, respectively( Z=6.722, P<0.05). Conclusions:The triple combination antiviral therapy of abidol, lopinavir/litonavir and rIFNα-2b shows shorter viral shedding time and shorter hospitalization time, compared with the dual combination antiviral therapy; and the earlier starting triple combination antiviral therapy will result in better antiviral efficacy.

As a common clinical Chinese medicine, Prunellae Spica has the effects of clearing liver-fire, improving eyesight, resolving massesand detumescence, and has strong anti-tumor effects against thyroid cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer and other cancers. Extracts of Prunellae Spica and its active components can play an anti-tumor role in a variety of ways, including cell apoptosis, inhibiting cell invasion and metastasis, inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing autophagy, anti tumor angiogenesis, reversing tumor multidrug resistance and regulating immune function, by regulating miRNA and Wnt/β-catenin, PI3/AKT, AMPK/mTOR/ULK1, RANKL/RANK/OPG and other signal pathways . In this paper, the anti-tumor mechanism of Prunellae Spica extract was reviewed, in order to provide reference for further research and application.