Objective To get a new approach for conserving the germplasm of Siraitia grosvenorii Methods Shoots, 0.8—1 cm in length, excised from test-tube plantlets which were subcultured 15 d, were precultured. Then its shoot-tips about 2—3 mm in length were dissected and loaded with 60% PVS2 at 25 ℃, and dehydrated with 100% PVS2 at 0 ℃, changed for fresh 100% PVS2 prior to directly plunging into liquid nitrogen. After cryopreservation for 24 h, the shoot tips were thawed, rinsed in MS+1.2 mol/L sucrose medium, blotted with filter papers, then plated on the MS + 1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.05 mg/L NAA + 0.1 mg/LGA3 + 0.8% agar + 45 g/L sucrose medium at 25 ℃ for 7 d in dark prior to exposure to the light. The root medium for regeneration plantlets was 1/2 MS + 0.2 mg/L NAA + 30 g/L sucrose. Results Shoots were precultured for 3 d on MS + 0.7 mol/L sucrose medium, then its shoot-tips loaded for 40 min, dehydrated for 50 min. After cryopreservation, the shoot tips were rapidly thawed in water at 40 ℃, then rinsed for 40 min. The survival rate of shoot-tips plated on the recovering medium in one week was 100%, and regeneration rate after 30 d was 78.33%, which was the highest. The regeneration plantlets inoculated on root medium were reconstructed integrating plantlets. Conclusion The method of vitrification to cryopreserve the germplasm of S. grosvenorii is a simple way with high survival rate and normal regeneration plants.

ADAMs is a family of transmembrane proteins with multi domains and multiple functions,which play important roles in many(patho-)physiological processes.They are upregulated in a variety of tumors and possess protein shedding and adhesive activities,which showed that they could be useful as tumor biomarkers and promising targets for designing new anti-tumor drugs.This review focuses on the roles ADAMs play in the process of tumor development and the potential application in cancer therapy.

RNA interference is an evolutionarily conserved surveillance mechanism that responds to double-stranded RNA by sequence-specific silencing of homologous genes. Although it is a short time since the discovery of the phenomenon, the technology develops fastly for the character of easy operation, low investment, specificity and potentiality, and researchers have made some progress on the mechanism of RNA interference and application in functional genomics and disease treatment. This article reviews the history, mechanism, biological significance and application of RNA interference.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of acitretin combined with traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of pustular psoriasis.Methods:From July 2011 to October 2017, 91 patients with pustular psoriasis admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Changzhi were randomly divided into treatment group( n=31), control group Ⅰ ( n=30) and control group Ⅱ(n=30) according to the digital table.The patients in the three groups were treated with acitretin combined with traditional Chinese medicine, oral acitretin and traditional Chinese medicine, respectively.The therapeutic effects, the time required for hypothermia, the time required for the complete disappearance of pustules and the average length of hospitalization were compared among the three groups. Results:The total effective rate was 93.55%(29/31) in the treatment group, 70.00%(21/30) in the control group Ⅰ and 73.33%(22/30) in the control group Ⅱ.The total effective rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the two control groups(χ 2=5.720, 4.546, all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in total effective rate between the control group Ⅰ and the control group Ⅱ( P>0.05). The fever allaying time, completely disappearance time of pustules, average hospital stay in the treatment group were (4.24±0.86)d, (7.38±0.72)d, (23.46±0.61)d, respectively, which in the control group Ⅰ were (7.45±0.92)d, (10.45±0.52)d, (30.01±0.82)d, respectively, which in the control group Ⅱ were (8.56±0.78)d, (11.56±0.35)d, (31.53±0.68)d, respectively, which in the control group Ⅰ were significantly shorter than those in the control group Ⅱ( t=14.083, 19.037, 35.476, all P<0.05), which in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group Ⅰ and the control group Ⅱ( t=20.529, 28.682, 48.826, 5.041, 9.699, 7.816, all P<0.05). Conclusion:Acitretin capsule combined with traditional Chinese medicine is effective in the treatment of pustular psoriasis, which can control body temperature in a short time, shorten the time of disappearance of pustule, relieve the pain of patients, and shorten the time of hospitalization at the same time.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of chromosome karyotype analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and whole exome sequencing (WES) in microcephaly.Methods:A total of 9 cases of microcephaly fetuses diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound or children with microcephaly diagnosed after birth were selected from the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2014 to August 2022.Karyotype analysis and/or CMA were used to detect. The cases with negative karyotype analysis and CMA results were further sequenced by trio-based WES (Trio-WES). Then the coding genes contained in the pathogenic copy number variation (CNV) fragments were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) enrichment. The genes related to the development of the central nervous system contained in the pathogenic CNV and the pathogenic genes found by Trio-WES were combined for gene interaction network analysis.Results:In this study, 9 cases of microcephaly were recruited, with the time of diagnosis ranged from 23 weeks of gestation to 7 years after birth, and the head circumference of fetus or children ranged from 18.3 to 42.5 cm (-7SD to -2SD). Karyotype analysis was detected in all 9 cases and no abnormality result was found. Eight cases were detected by CMA, and one abnormal was found. Five cases were detected by Trio-WES, and two cases were detected with likely pathogenic genes. The GO enrichment analysis of the coding gene in the 4p16.3 microdeletion (pathogenic CNV) region showed that: in biological process, it was mainly concentrated in phototransduction, visible light; in terms of molecular function, it was mainly concentrated in fibroblast growth factor binding; in terms of cell components, it was mainly concentrated in rough endoplasmic reticulum. Gene interaction network analysis suggested that CDC42 gene could interact with CTBP1, HTT and ASPM gene.Conclusions:CMA could be used as a first-line detection technique for microcephaly. When the results of chromosome karyotype analysis and/or CMA are negative, Trio-WES could improve the detection rate of pathogenicity of microcephaly.