OBJECTIVE To investigate the protein kinase C (PKC) activity in peripheral blood T lymphocytes and its significance in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and the relationship between PKC activity and Th2 cytokines, interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interleukin 5 (IL-5) . METHODS Twenty seasona allergic rhinitis patients and 20 normal control persons participated in the study. T lymphocytes isolated and purified from blood of each person were divided into 2 groups:stimulated with and without phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) . The total PKC activity was detected by non-radioactive assay. The expression of IL-4 and IL-5 protein in supernatants was measured with ELISA RESULTS PKC activity, the expression of IL-4 and IL-5 protein in supernatants in AR T lymphocyte stimulated with PMA were significantly higher than those of AR T lymphocyte stimulated without PMA and those of norma (P

Objective　To perform the pathogenic and genomics analyses on isolates of Streptococcus suis (Ss) from three human infections in Shenzhen, aiming to provide a basis for the prevention and control of Ss outbreaks. Methods　The suspected bacterial strains from three blood plate cultures of three critically ill patients in three hospitals were subjected to biochemical identification, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), and real-time fluorescent PCR identification, resulting in the identification of three strains positive for Streptococcus suis serotype 2(SS2). Pure positive cultures were taken for an antimicrobial susceptibility test and extracted nucleic acids for whole-genome sequencing and analysis. The whole-genome sequencing and analysis included species identification, antibiotic resistance genes alignment, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), virulence genes alignment, and coregene-based phylogenetic tree analysis. Results　The blood agar isolates from three patients were all identified as Ss, the VITEK 2 identified them as SS2, and MALDI-TOF-MS identified them as Ss. Real-time PCR results for the universal gene gdh and serotype 2 cps2 gene of Ss were both positive. The antimicrobial susceptibility test results showed that all three strains were resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin, with variable sensitivity to tetracycline. Whole-genome sequencing results showed that all three strains were identified as Ss, including one ST7 strain and two ST1 strains. The virulence gene prediction results based on the VFDB database showed that all three strains were positive for mrp, sly, and cps, indicating high virulence gene characteristics. The analysis of the phylogenetic tree based on coregene showed that the three strains were in different evolutionary branches, with two ST1 strains having a closer evolutionary distance. Conclusions　The pathogens responsible for these three critically ill patients were SS2, and all three strains were resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin. Genetically, they all carried virulence genes that are found in highly virulent strains, while showed differences in MLST typing and phylogenetic tree analysis, indicating the presence of different genotypes of high pathogenicity SS2 in Shenzhen area and had caused sporadic cases, which requires high attention.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinicopathologic feature and diagnostic and therapeutic experience of laryngeal contact granuloma. METHOD: A retrospective study was carried out among 18 cases with this disease through careful analysis on their clinical and pathological data. RESULT: All of 18 cases were male, aged 34 to 78 years,The most common symptoms were hoarseness. In general the granuloma located on the posterior of the larynx unilaterally. The histological appearances of the lesions were typical inflammatory granuloma. Little allotype cell were found in one histologic sample. Fifteen cases received surgical excision and the recurrence rate was 60% after operation. Recidivist received operation again,4 cases among these cases received antireflux therapy after operation but 3 cases recurrences again. Among those follow-up cases(3 cases), 1 case was self-cure and other 2 cases appeared no marked change during observation period. CONCLUSION Laryngeal contact granuloma predilected the middle-aged male. The localization and appearance of the granuloma is very characteristic. The correct diagnosis can be established by clinical examination alone, but the histological examination is necessary in order to avoid missed diagnosis. There is a high recurrence rate after operation and the effect of antireflux therapy need further research.
Adult ; Aged ; Granuloma, Laryngeal ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is one of the common head and neck cancers, and it ranks the second in the incidence of head and neck cancers. Smoking and alchol are considered the main causes of the disease in the past. Since 1982, when scholars first proposed that human papillonavirus(HPV) was associated with the development of laryngeal cancer, there have been a large number of studies on the correlation between HPV and laryngeal cancer, but the results are different. Therefore, this article summarizes the progress of related researches on the relationship between HPV and laryngeal cancer in recent years, and explores the impact of HPV on the treatment strategy of laryngeal cancer.