BACKGROUND: Cytogenetic evidence suggests that chromosomal alteration are not randomly occurring events and some malignancies are characterized by specific chromosome abnormalities, which provides cytogenetic basis for the expression of oncogenes.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of chromosomal karyotype and marker chromosome of breast cancer cell lines Bcap-37and MCF-7 by means of G-banding chromosomal analysis.DESIGN: A controlled experiment with breast cancer cells as observation subjects.SETTING: Department of Medical Genetics, Peking University Health Science Center.MATERIALS: This study was carried out in the Department of Medical Genetics of Peking University Health Science Center from April 1991 to May 1992 using breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and Bcap-37.METHODS: The chromosomes of human breast cancer cell lines Bcap-37and MCF-7 were obtained by growth synchronization induced by hypothermia and colchicines treatment. The cells at prometaphase or metaphase underwent G-banding chromosomal analysis. For each cell line, 50 to 60 mitotic figures were counted and 15 or 16 G-binding karyotypes were analyzed, including the mitotic figure at the level of about 320- and 500-band .MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Abnormality in chromosome number and structural aberration of the two breast cancer cell lines.RESULTS:The modal chromosomal number of Bcap-37 cell line was 63, of which 17 marker chromosomes had identifiable structure, as compared with 13 out of 56 chromosomes in modal number of MCF-7 cell line.CONCLUSION: Both of the two breast cancer cell lines have complex cytogenetic abnormality in the modal number and structure of the chromosomes, which might result in the rearrangement of DNA sequence of the cancer-related genes or DNA depletion, so as to play important roles in the pathogenesis and development of breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological diagnosis of cutaneous calcifying epithelioma.Methods Thirty cases of calcified epithelioma were diagnosed and treated by our hospital.The clinical features and pathological features were retrospectively reviewed.Results The main pathological features of the tumor were that the main tumor (basophilic cells) basal cells and shadow cells were mixed composition,combined with ossification and calcification and with no recurrence after surgical resection.Conclusion The clinical manifestations of calcifying epithelium are lack of characteristics and diverse pathological features.It is necessary to make the correct pathological diagnosis with the time,location and imaging of tumor growth.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of endovascular embolization for the treatment of cerebellar arteriouvenous malformations (AVMs) associated with aneurysm, and to discuss its technical points. Methods The clinical data of 142 patients with cerebellar AVMs were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 142 patients, 42 had concomitant aneurysms. The patients were divided into concomitant aneurysm group and without aneurysm group. Using univariate and multivariate statistical models, the patient’s gender and age, the presence or absence of hemorrhage, the lesion’s location and size, and the presence or absence of deep venous drainage were analyzed. Results A total of 61 concomitant aneurysms were detected in the 42 patients, which were located within the malformation mass (n=14) or on the feeding artery (n=47). The concomitant aneurysms located in the malformation were closely related to AVM hemorrhage and the deep venous drainage. During the follow-up period after endovascular embolization, no recurrence of bleeding was observed in all the 42 patients. Conclusion In order to reduce the relapse rate of hemorrhage, the formulation of therapeutic measures should be based on the management of the concomitant aneurysm when endovascular embolization treatment is employed for AVM associated with aneurysm.

Fourteen neonatal diabetes mellitus(NDM)patients were recruited. 9 patients were treated with glyburide and the other 5 with insulin. ABCC8, KCNJ11, and INS genes were sequenced in 6 of them. Gene mutations were found in 2, 1, and 1 cases in these genes, respectively. One case with 6q24 hypomethylation and another without known mutation were also found. 8 out of 9 patients treated with glyburide reached euglycemia(88.9%). The other 5 patients with insulin therapy either died or lost contact. The results suggest that glyburide therapy is effective in neonatal diabetes mellitus, while insulin therapy may contribute to poor compliance.

Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on NLRP3 inflammasome during acute lung injury ( ALI ) induced by blunt chest trauma and hemorrhagic shock-resuscitation in rats. Methods Forty-five SPF healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 200-220 g, were divided into 3 groups (n=15 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (Sham group), ALI group and dexmedetomidine group ( Dex group) . A rat model of ALI was established by blunt chest trauma and hemorrhagic shock-resuscitation. Dexmedetomidine 5 μg·kg-1 ·h-1 was infused into the femoral vein after blunt chest trauma in Dex group. Blood samples were collected from the femoral artery at 6 h after blunt chest trauma for measurement of arterial oxygen partial pressure and concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta ( IL-1β) and IL-18 in serum ( by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ) . The oxygenation index was calculated. The rats were sacrificed and lungs were removed for examination of the pathological changes which were scored and for determination of the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD ( ASC) in lung tissues ( by Western blot) and ac-tivities of lactic dehydrogenase ( LDH) and myeloperoxidase ( MPO) in lung tissues ( by colorimetry) . Re-sults Compared with Sham group, PaO2 and oxygenation index were significantly decreased, the expres-sion of NLRP3, caspase-1 and ASC was up-regulated, the activities of LDH and MPO were increased, and the concentrations of IL-1β and IL-18 in serum were increased in ALI group ( P＜0. 05 ) . Compared with ALI group, PaO2 and oxygenation index were significantly decreased, the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and ASC was down-regulated, the activities of LDH and MPO were decreased, and the concentrations of IL-1β and IL-18 in serum were decreased in ALI group ( P＜0. 05) . Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can al-leviate blunt chest trauma and hemorrhagic shock-resuscitation induced ALI in rats, and the mechanism is related to inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and reduction of inflammatory response.

The aberrant expression of MicroRNA-137 (miR-137) is correlated with different tumors closely,miR-137 promoter methylation considered as one of the most important mechanisms through which miR-137 expression can be regulated.The degree of promoter methylation of miR-137 was significantly increased in tumors,but the frequencies varied.In addition,it correlated with different clinical and pathological characteristics in tumors.Furthermore,miR-137 promoter methylation indicated poor prognosis.miR-137 promoter methylation promoted the initiation and progression of tumors,it was of potential to be a biomarker and reversed the methylation status of miR-137 represented a novel strategy of cancer treatment.

Objective:To investigate the etiology, clinical manifestations, clinicopathological features of cystic neutrophil granulomatous mastitis (CNGM).Methods:From Jan 2019 to Dec 2020, 95 CNGM cases diagnosed by biopsy pathology at Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chongqing Liangping District Hospitol of Traditional Chinese Medicine were reviewed.Results:There were 95 female patients, aged 21 to 50 years, with a median age of 32 years. Laboratory examination showed that 56% (53/95) cases had elevated rheumatoid antibody level, 27 % (26/95) had increased level of serum thyroid antibody, 15% (14/95) had elevated antineutrophil antibody, 35% (33/95) had increased ESR, 38% (36/95) had increased C-reactive protein. The positive rate of Gram-stained bacilli was 82% (78/95). Histology: pyogenic granuloma with lobule of breast as the center, the center of granuloma was cystic vacuole.Immunohistochemistry showed that the inflammatory cells in and around granuloma were mainly CD3 + cells, and CD4 + cells were more than CD8 + cells. Conclusions:The cystic neutrophilie granulo matous mastitis is a rare type of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. The diagnosis of CNGM is dependent on its specific pathological features.

Objective To analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) and construct a nomogram prediction model for the prognosis of PSC patients. Methods Based on the SEER database, 1671 patients diagnosed as PSC from 1988 to 2015 were collected and divided into modeling group and validation group according to the ratio of 7:3. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed in the modeling group to explore independent risk factors affecting the prognosis and construct a nomogram survival prediction model. The consistency index and calibration curve were used for verification in the modeling group and the test module respectively. Results Age, gender, histological type, TNM stage, tumor diameter > 50mm, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were independent factors that affected the prognosis of PSC patients. The nomogram prediction model was constructed and verified based on independent factors. The C indexes of the modeling group and the test model were 0.790 (95%CI: 0.776-0.804) and 0.781 (95%CI: 0.759-0.803), respectively. The calibration curves of the modeling group and the test model indicated that the predicted survival rate was basically the same as the actual survival rate. Conclusion The nomogram prediction model constructed based on the results of multivariate analysis can predict the prognosis of PSC patients, and has high accuracy and consistency.

Objective To investigate the status of empowerment and medical support in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and to explore the relationship between empowerment and medical support.Methods A multi-centered collaboration and cross-sectional survey was used in this study.With the method of simple random sampling,1512 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from 18 tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province were investigated from January 2016 to April 2016.General information,empowerment and medical support were investigated using general information questionnaire,Diabetes Empowerment Scale-DAWN Short Form,Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care DAWN Short Form.Results The mean score of empowerment ability for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was (53.20±16.40).The mean score of medical support for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was (34.56±11.64).There was positive correlation between the empowerment ability and medical support in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Conclusion There is positive correlation between empowerment and medical support in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.But the received medical support is not enough.It is necessary to increase the supply of medical support to promote the empowerment of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective To evaluate the expression of FUNDC1 and its clinical significance in non-small cell lung cancer. Methods We used TCGA database to analyze the difference of mitochondrial receptors (DRP1, BNIP3, FUNDC1, NIX, RHEB, LC3, OPA1 and MFN1) expression between normal and NSCLC tissues, as well as its effect on the prognosis of NSCLC patients. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect FUNDC1 expression. The correlations between FUNDC1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics, prognosis were evaluated by SPSS 22.0 statistical software. Results FUNDC1 expression was increased in NSCLC tissues, compared with normal tissues. FUNDC1 expression was related to the degree of differentiation and lymph node metastasis, but not to gender, age, pathological type, distant metastasis or TNM classification. The Cox regression analysis showed that FUNDC1 protein expression, lymph node metastasis, differentiation degree were independent prognostic factors of NSCLC. Increased FUNDC1 expression was related to decreased OS and PFS (P < 0.01). Conclusion The up-regulation of FUNDC1 expression can affect the prognosis of patients with NSCLC. It may be a new potential target for treating with NSCLC.