Baishouwu is a traditional tonic Chinese medicinal herb which is rich in Shandong, Liaoning and Jiangsu Privences. Baishouwu mainly contains steroids, polysaccharose, acetophenone, and essential oil, with the efficacy of nourishing liver and kidney, tonifying essence and blood, blackening the beard and hair, and prolonging life. This article retrieved relevant literature in the last decade about biological study, chemical constituents, and pharmacological activities of Baishouwu, with a purpose to provide a scientific basis for its rational researches and development.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Bidens bipinnata and search for bioactive natural products, which have the anticancer and antiinflammation activities. Methods The six compounds were isolated by a combination of silica gel, reversed phase silica gel column chromatography, and polyamide column chromatography. Their structures were identified by spectral methods. Results Ten compounds were isolated and six structures were identified. They are trideca-2-?-D-glucopyranosyl-1, 13-dihydroxy-3 (E), 11 (E)-en-5, 7, 9-triyne (Ⅰ), trideca -2-?-D-glucopyranosyl-1, 13-dihydroxy-11 (E)-dien-3, 5, 7, 9-tetrayne (Ⅱ), hyperoside (Ⅲ), 6-O-(3″, 6″-diacetyl-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-6, 7, 3′, 4′-(tetrahydroxyaurone) (Ⅳ), 6-O-(6″-acetyl-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-6, 7, 3′, 4′-tetrahydroxyaurone (Ⅴ), 6-O-(4″, 6″-diacetyl-?-D-glucopyranosyl)-6, 7, 3′, 4′-tetrahydroxyaurone (Ⅵ). Conclusion Compound Ⅱ is a novel compound, compound Ⅴ is isolated from this plant for the first time.

OBJECTIVETo study the genetic diversity of rDNA ITS sequences in different species of Bai Shouwu, utilize the molecular diversity of ITS sequences to authenticate the different species of Bai Shouwu.

METHODFirstly, total DNA was extracted from the different species of Bai Shouwu. Secondly, the ITS sequence was amplified by PCR with universal primer of ITS and sequenced after cloning and purification.

RESULTFrom four species the complete sequence of ITS and 5.8 S rDNA, the partial sequences of 18S rDNA and 26S rDNA were obtained. The rDNA ITS sequences of Cynanchum bungei (sign in No. GU198970 and No. GU479037) were obtained. Ten variable sites among the sequences were found.

CONCLUSIONITS sequence could be used to authenticate the species. The method could be used to identify germplasm resources and authenticate.

Cynanchum ; classification ; genetics ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data

Background In recent years, the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MS) is increasing significantly in China. Some studies have found that temperature is related to single metabolic index, but there is a lack of research on associated mechanism and identifying path of the influence of temperature on MS. Objective Based on the data of Guangdong Province, to investigate the effect of temperature on MS and its pathway. Methods A total of 8524 residents were enrolled by multi-stage random sampling from October 2015 to January 2016 in Guangdong. Basic characteristics, behavioral characteristics, health status, and physical activity level were obtained through questionnaires and physical examinations, and meteorological data were obtained from meteorological monitoring sites. We matched individual data both with the temperature data of the physical examination day and of a lag of 14 d. A generalized additive model was used to explore the exposure-effect relationship between temperature and MS and its indexes, calculate effect values, and explore the effects of single-day lag temperature. Based on the literature and the results of generalized additive model analysis, a path analysis was conducted to explore the pathways of temperature influencing MS. Results The association between daily average temperature on the current day or lag 14 day and MS risk was not statistically significant. When daily average temperature increased by 1 ℃, the change values of fasting blood-glucose (FBG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were −0.033 (95%CI: −0.040-−0.026) mmol·L⁻¹, −0.662 (95%CI: −0.741-−0.583) mmHg, −0.277 (95%CI: −0.323-−0.230) mmHg, and −0.005 (95%CI: −0.007-−0.004) mmol·L⁻¹ respectively. The effects of average daily temperature on FBG, blood pressure, HDL-C, and waist circumference lasted until lag 14 day. The effects of daily average temperature on SBP and DBP were the largest on the current day. Daily average temperature of current day had direct and indirect effects on FBG and SBP. Temperature had an indirect effect on TG, and the intermediate variables were waist circumference and FBG, with an indirect effect value of −0.011 (95%CI: −0.020-−0.002). The indirect effects of daily average temperature on SBP, FBG, and TG were weak. Conclusion There is no significant correlation between temperature and risk of MS, and daily average temperature of current day could significantly affected blood pressure and FBG with a lag effect. Daily average temperature of current day has indirect effects on FBG and TG.

Objective To investigate the taxonomic structure and diversity of endophytic fungi from Cynanchum bungei Decne., explore the potential microbial resources and functions and provide the theoretical basis for new antitumor endophytic fungi. Methods The diversities of endophytic fungi community in different tissues, species and habitats were analyzed with traditional endophytic bacteria separation method and 18sRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. MTT assay was used to detect the cytotoxic activity of endophytic fungi from Radix Polygoni multiflori. Results 90 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated and identified from roots, stems, and leaves of C. bungei. Among them, Fusarium and Alternaria were the dominant genera. There were 8, 9 and 13 genera from roots, stems and leaves of C. bungei respectively. Among which Alternaria and Colletotrichum were the common genera in different tissues. Further studies showed that 13 endophytic fungi of C.bungei had good anti-tumor activity in vitro, accounting for 14.4% of the total genera. Among them, A. tenuissima LTJ2 and A. alternata LTJ6 had significant anti-tumor activity. Conclusion The endophytic fungi in Cynanchum bungei Decne. have rich diversity. Some strains have significant anti-tumor activity，which can be potential resources for the development of new antitumor agents.

Objective: To investigation HER2 status in gastric adenocarcinoma of Chinese and contributing factors to the HER2 expression. Methods: HER2 status of 40 842 gastric adenocarcinomas and clinical data were retrospectively collected from 23 hospitals dated from 2013 to 2016. The association between HER2 positivity and clinicopathologic features was analyzed. Results: Of the 40 842 patients the median age was 62 years, the male female ratio was 2.6∶1.0. The rate of HER2 positivity was 8.8% (3 577/40 842). HER2 expression was related to the tissue type, tumor location, Lauren classification and tumor differentiation (P values: 0.009, 0.001, <0.01 and <0.01, respectively). Different HER2 expression status was observed between primary and recurrent tumors in 7.6% (48/635) cases. The rates of HER2 positivity ranged from 2% to 10% among different institutions. The rates of HER2 FISH amplification were dramatically different among the 23 hospitals (0-100%) with an average rate of 10% (810/8 156) in patients with HER2 IHC 2+ . Conclusions HER2 expression is associated with clinicopathologic characteristics. HER2 re-assessment of tumor tissue and use of in situ hybridization techniques increase HER2 positivity. The current retrospective study should reflect the HER2 status in gastric adenocarcinoma of Chinese patients.

Objectives To provide scientific basis for the quality control of different species of Baishouwu by establishing the HPLC fingerprint of domestic of Baishouwu and determining the main active components of acetophenones. Methods HPLC-DAD method was used to determine the HPLC fingerprints of domestic of Baishouwu. Then, the content of 4 kinds of acetophenones in Baishouwu was determined. The column was Diamonsil C₁₈（250mm×4.6mm, 5μm）with the mobile phase of methanol and 0.1% phosphoric acid at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The detection wavelength of p-Hydroxyl acetophenone, baishouwu benzophenone, 2',4'-Dihydroxy acetophenone was set at 260 nm and 2',5'-Dihydroxy acetophenone at 280 nm respectively. Results The similarity and cluster analysis in HPLC fingerprint showed that the constituents were significantly different among C. bungei, C. auriculatum and C. wilfordii. The content of total acetophenones in C. wilfordii was significantly higher than that in other localities of C. auriculatum and C. bungei. Conclusions Acetophenone could be used as the evaluation index to evaluate the quality of Baishouwu in different origins. The content of total acetophenone in C. wilfordii is the highest, which could be used as the best quality resource of Baishouwu.