Cardiac Catheterization ; trends ; Forecasting ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; therapy ; Humans

Heart Defects, Congenital ; therapy ; Humans

Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; therapy ; Biomedical Research ; methods ; standards ; Catheter Ablation ; Child ; China ; Drug Therapy ; Humans

Drug-Eluting Stents ; Humans ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; methods

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Humans

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Chronic Disease ; Coronary Occlusion ; therapy ; Humans

Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Myocardial Reperfusion

Objective To investigate the prevalence of 16S rRNA methylase genes, armA and rmtB, which mediate high level aminoglycoside resistance, in gram-negative bacteria isolated from 2 hospitals in Dalian and study the mechanism of aminoglycoside resistance.Methods A total of 134 amikacin-resistant clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria were collected. Two 16S rRNA methylase genes, armA and rmtB, were identified by PCR-based assays. PCR products were extracted for DNA sequencing analysis. armA and rmtB gene mapping were conducted by plasmid extraction, conjugation and transformation. The MICs of amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin were determined for the positive isolates, transconjugants and the resultant strain of transformation using agar dilution technique. Results Overall armA was identified in 21 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, rmtB in 5 strains of Escherichia coli and 5 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Plasmid extraction and conjugation experiments were only successful for rmtB-positive isolates. Transconjugant and DH5a (pMDarmA) exhibited high-level resistance to aminoglycosides.Conclusions The 16S rRNA methylase genes, armA and rmtB are identified in Dalian. armA gene is identified in A. baumannii. rmtB gene is located on the plasmid of E. coli and K. pneumoniae. armA and rmtB can induce high-level resistance to aminoglycosides.

Mitochondria play an important role in energy ( ATP ) production through oxidative phosphorylation pathway and the regulation of cell death by apoptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of a number of neurodegenerative diseases. Glaucoma as a neurodegenerative disorder, mitochondrial oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of glaucoma and the damage of RGCs has received close attention in recent years. ln this article, we reviewed the current evidences and recent advances in the relationship between mitochondrial oxidative stress and the RGCs apoptosis.

Uihgur medicine is not only an important component of medicine for ethnic minorities in China,but an vital supplement to modern medicine.With the development of modern science,in recent years good progerss has been made in basic sciences and applied research of Uighur medicine.According to the property of Uighur materia medica,medicine can be divided into hot,cold,wet,dry,dry-hot,wet-hot,wet-cold,and dry-cold types,and according to strength of medicinal properties,this medicine is divided into four classes.Most of the drugs of levels 3 and 4 are credited with toxicity.This article summarizes the property and toxicity of medicines of levels 3 and 4 which are includel in Pharmaceutical Standards-Uighur Medicine (1998) edited by the former State Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China.